different between wif vs wis

English

Alternative forms

• wid, wiv (both informal)

Etymology

Alteration of with.

Pronunciation

• enPR: w?f, IPA^(key): /w?f/
• Rhymes: -?f

Preposition

wif

1. (informal, dialectal, nonstandard) with
   • 1998, Ted Shine, Contributions, ?ISBN, page 31:

     That's what I mo' wear wif my shoes.

   • 2000, Jan King, It'a A Girl Thing: The Hilarious Truth About Women, ?ISBN, page 161:

     I been at the gym gettin' down wif my peeps.

   • 2002, Stan Hayes, The Rough English Equivalent, ?ISBN, page 324:

     If I don' have no problem wif my high school test?

Anagrams

• IWF

Mapudungun

Adjective

wif (using Raguileo Alphabet)

1. long
2. straight

Adverb

wif (using Raguileo Alphabet)

1. directly

Noun

wif (using Raguileo Alphabet)

1. irrigation ditch

References

• Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Middle English

Alternative forms

• wife, wiff, wiffe, wijf, wive, wyf, wyfe, wyff

Etymology

From Old English w?f.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /wi?f/
• Rhymes: -i?f

Noun

wif (plural wifes or wives or wive)

1. woman, female human
2. wife, female spouse
   • ca. 1380: It cam in cuppemele — this craft my wif used! — William Langland, Piers Plowman
   • ca. 1380, — Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, The Merchant's Tale

     That in a morwe unto this May saith he

     Rys up, my wif, my love, my lady fre
     

3. The leading woman of a household; a matriarch.
4. A female animal, especially one mating.
5. A concubine.

Antonyms

• wer (with respect to gender)

Descendants

• English: wife
  • ? Japanese: ??? (waifu)
    • ? English: waifu
  • ? Korean: ??? (waipeu)
• Scots: wife

References

• “w?f, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-08.

Old English

Alternative forms

• wib

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *w?b, of uncertain origin. Cognate with Old Frisian w?f, Old Saxon w?f, Old Dutch w?f, Old High German w?b, Old Norse víf.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /wi?f/

Noun

w?f n

1. woman
   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 4:27

   • late 10th century, Ælfric, "The Annunciation of St. Mary"

2. wife

Usage notes

• Since w?f is a grammatically neuter noun, all accompanying articles, determiners, and adjectives take neuter forms: þæt ealde w?f ("the old woman").
• However, pronouns referring back to w?f are almost always feminine: ?esiehst þ? þæt w?f s?o þ?r stent? Canst þ? h?e? ("Do you see the woman who [feminine] is standing there? Do you know her?"). This is similar to the situation of the neuter word mæ?den (“girl”) and the masculine word w?fmann (“woman”), whose grammatical genders also disagree with their natural genders.

Declension

Antonyms

• wer (with respect to gender)

Derived terms

• w?ffr?ond (“female friend”)
• w?fh?d (“womanhood, femininity”)
• w?fhand (“a female inheritor; female side”)
• w?fl?as (“wifeless”)
• w?fl?? (“female, feminine”)
• w?fmann (“woman”)
• w?fs?r?d (“women's clothing”)

Descendants

• Middle English: wif, wife, wiff, wiffe, wijf, wive, wyf, wyfe, wyff
  • English: wife
    • ? Japanese: ??? (waifu)
      • ? English: waifu
    • ? Korean: ??? (waipeu)
  • Scots: wife

Old Frisian

Alternative forms

• wiif (Late Old Frisian)

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *w?b, from Proto-Germanic *w?b?, of uncertain origin. Cognates include Old English w?f, Old Saxon w?f and Old Dutch w?f.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /wi?f/

Noun

w?f n

1. woman
2. wife

Descendants

• North Frisian: wüf
• Saterland Frisian: Wieuw
• West Frisian: wiif

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, ?ISBN

West Frisian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /v?f/

Adjective

wif

1. shaky
2. impermanent
3. fickle, indecisive

Inflection

Further reading

• “wif”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /wa?s/
• Rhymes: -a?s

Alternative forms

• wiss, ywis, iwis

Etymology 1

From Middle English wis (“certain, sure”), from an aphetic form of Middle English iwis, ywis (“certain, sure”) (from Old English ?ewiss (“certain, sure”)), or of North Germanic origin, akin to Icelandic viss (“certain”). Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *gawissaz. More at iwis.

Adverb

wis (comparative more wis, superlative most wis)

1. (rare, obsolete or dialectal) Certainly, surely
   • 1884, Charlotte Mary Yonge, The armourer's prentices:

     So I wis would the Dragon under him [...]

2. (rare, obsolete or dialectal) Really, truly
3. (rare, obsolete or dialectal) Indeed
   • c. 1368-1372, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Book of the Duchess

   As wis God help me.

Adjective

wis (comparative more wis, superlative most wis)

1. (rare, obsolete or dialectal) Certain
2. (rare, obsolete or dialectal) Sure

   He was wis on his word.

   I am wis that it will happen.

Derived terms

• wisly

Etymology 2

From an incorrect division, mistaking iwis (“certain”) for I wis (“I know”). See ywis for more information. The German verb wissen appears similar, but in fact corresponds etymologically to the English verb wit; both of those verbs ultimately descend from the same Proto-Indo-European root as this one.

Verb

wis (third-person singular simple present wis, no present participle, no simple past, past participle wist or wissed)

1. (obsolete or archaic) To know.
   • 1596-97, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice, Act II, Scene ix^[1]:

     "The fire seven times tried this:

     Seven times tried that judgement is,

     That did never choose amiss.

     Some there be that shadows kiss:

     Such have but a shadow's bliss.

     There be fools alive, I wis,

     Silver'd o'er; and so was this.

     I will ever be your head:

     So be gone: you are sped."

2. (obsolete or archaic) To think, suppose.
   • 1850, Robert Browning, Easter Day

   Howe'er you wis.

3. (obsolete or archaic) To imagine, ween; to deem.
   • 1797-1816, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Christabel

   Nor do I know how long it is (For I have lain entranced, I wis).

Anagrams

• WSI

Afrikaans

Verb

wis

1. preterite of weet; knew

Chuukese

Noun

wis

1. duty, responsibility

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??s/
• Rhymes: -?s

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *wissaz, past participle of *witan?. See gewis.

Adjective

wis (not comparable)

1. sure, certain

   een wisse dood — a certain death

Inflection

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch wisch, from Old Dutch *wisk, from Proto-Germanic *wiskaz (“bundle of straw, hay”).

Noun

wis f or m (plural wissen, diminutive wisje n)

1. twig
2. bundle, bunch
3. short for wisdoek (dishcloth)

Etymology 3

Verb

wis

1. first-person singular present indicative of wissen
2. imperative of wissen

Gothic

Romanization

wis

1. Romanization of ????????????

Javanese

Adverb

wis

1. already

Kabyle

Particle

wis (feminine tis)

1. -th, forms ordinal numerals by preceding a cardinal numeral

   ?wis (“-th”) + ?kra? (“three”) ? ?wis kra? (“third”)

   ?wis (“-th”) + ?xemsa (“five”) ? ?wis xemsa (“fifth”)

Usage notes

• The particle agrees in gender with its associated noun. If this noun is feminine, the particle has a feminine form tis.
• The particle may be used before both native Kabyle numerals and Arabic-derived numerals.
• The particle is not used before yiwen (“one”). The adjective amezwaru (“first”) is used instead of such an ordinal.

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *w?saz, from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see, to know”).

Adjective

w?s

1. wise

Inflection

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: wijs

Further reading

• “w?s”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *w?saz, from Proto-Indo-European *weydstos (“knowledgeable”), an extension of *weyd- (“to see, to know”). Akin to Old High German w?s and Old Norse víss.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /wi?s/

Adjective

w?s

1. wise

Declension

Derived terms

• andw?s
• stæfw?s
• unw?s
• w?sl??e
• w?snes

Descendants

• Middle English: wis, wys
  • Scots: wis, wise
  • English: wise
    • ? English: wizard

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *w?saz, from Proto-Indo-European *weydstos (“knowledgeable”), an extension of *weyd- (“to see, to know”). Akin to Old English w?s and Old Norse víss.

Adjective

w?s

1. wise

Descendants

• Middle High German: w?se
  • German: weise
• ? Old High German: w?si

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *w?saz, from Proto-Indo-European *weydstos (“knowledgeable”), an extension of *weyd- (“to see, to know”). Akin to Old English w?s, Old High German w?s and Old Norse víss.

Adjective

w?s

1. wise

Declension

Descendants

• Middle Low German: w?s
  • Low German:
    • German Low German: wies
    • Westphalian:

      Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: wuise, wuis

      Sauerländisch: weyse, wüse, w?se, wuise

      Westmünsterländisch: wiese

  • Plautdietsch: weis

Scots

Etymology

Compare West Frisian wie.

Verb

wis

1. simple past tense of be

Usage notes

Wis is used with singular pronouns and plural nouns, and wis, war or wir are used with plural pronouns.

See also

• wir

West Frisian

Etymology

See witte (“to know, be sure”). Related to English wis.

Adjective

wis

1. certain, sure
2. true
3. safe, trustworthy

Inflection

Derived terms

• jawis

Further reading

• “wis (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011