different between wantokism vs wantok

English

Etymology

From wantok +? -ism.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?w?nt?k?z?m/

Noun

wantokism (uncountable)

1. The Melanesian cultural practice of relying on one's wantoks for any need, and of sharing the fruits of one's personal success with one's wantoks.
   • 1988, James Cook University of North Queensland Committee of South-East Asian Studies, Kabar Seberang, Issues 19-20, page 35,

     The capture of a provincial bureaucracy by an ethnic elite and the practice of wantokism have had at least other grave repercussions for national unity and nation-building.

   • 2004, Frederick Errington, Deborah Gewertz, Yali's Question: Sugar, Culture, and History, page 197,

     Many of these demands derive, RSL^{[Ramu Sugar Limited]} believes, from the negative aspects of Papua New Guinean custom. These include wantokism, jealousy, exorbitant landowner-claims, and a handout mentality.

   • 2007, Ronald James May, Conflict and Resource Development in the Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea, page 102,

     He thus had a broad view and no ‘tribal? loyalties, with the accompanying baggage of wantokism and its inherent obligations.

   • 2009, Sarah Dix, Emmanuel Pok, Combating Corruption in Traditional Societies: Papua New Guinea, Robert I. Rotberg, Corruption, Global Security, and World Order, page 249,

     Of course, wantokism, as it has been illustrated thus far, is not different from informal networks elsewhere in the world. […] Traditionally, wantokism was rooted in custom, guided by natural laws, and informally enforced by the village.

Translations

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Tok Pisin wantok, from English one talk, that is, a speaker of the same language.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?w?nt?k/, /-t??k/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?w?nt?k/, /-to?k/
• Hyphenation: wan?tok

Noun

wantok (plural wantoks)

1. (Melanesia, Papua New Guinea) A close comrade; a person with whom one has a strong social bond, usually based on a shared language.

Usage notes

• The word may be used to casually address a friend: “Hello, wantok.”

Derived terms

• wantokism

Translations

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English one talk (alternatively, it can be seen as a compound of wan +? tok).

Noun

wantok

1. a close friend, to whom one gives complete loyalty
2. any person with a shared set of Melanesian cultural values, usually based on speaking a closely related language