different between vindicate vs excuse
vindicate
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin vindic?tus, perfect passive participle of vindic? (“lay legal claim to something; set free; protect, avenge, punish”), from vim, accusative singular of v?s (“force, power”), + d?c? (“say; declare, state”). See avenge.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?v?n.d??ke?t/
Verb
vindicate (third-person singular simple present vindicates, present participle vindicating, simple past and past participle vindicated)
- (transitive) To clear of an accusation, suspicion or criticism.
- to vindicate someone's honor
- (transitive) To justify by providing evidence.
- to vindicate a right, claim or title
- Also see: United National Congress, Trinidad and Tobago
- Kamla Persad Bissessar: " We have been vindicated, but it is a victory for the people"
- (transitive) To maintain or defend (a cause) against opposition.
- (transitive) To provide justification for.
- (transitive) To lay claim to; to assert a right to; to claim.
- (transitive, obsolete) To liberate; to set free; to deliver.
- (transitive, obsolete) To avenge; to punish
Related terms
- vindication
- vindicator
- vindictive
Translations
Latin
Verb
vindic?te
- second-person plural present active imperative of vindic?
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excuse
English
Etymology
From Middle English excusen, borrowed from Old French escuser, from Latin exc?s?, exc?s?re (“to excuse, allege in excuse, literally, free from a charge”), from ex (“out”) + causa (“a charge”); see cause, accuse and recuse. Displaced native Old English l?dian (“to excuse”) and l?dung (“an excuse”).
Pronunciation
- Verb
- (UK) enPR: ?kskyo?oz', IPA(key): /?k?skju?z/, /?ks?kju?z/
- (US) enPR: ?kskyo?oz', IPA(key): /?ks?kjuz/, /?ks?kjuz/
- Rhymes: -u?z
- Noun
- (UK) enPR: ?kskyo?os', IPA(key): /?k?skju?s/, /?ks?kju?s/
- (US) enPR: ?kskyo?os', IPA(key): /?ks?kjus/, /?ks?kjus/
- Rhymes: -u?s
Verb
excuse (third-person singular simple present excuses, present participle excusing, simple past and past participle excused)
- (transitive) To forgive; to pardon.
- c. 1685, John Sharp, A Discourse of Conscience
- If they say that he did sin in doing this, then they must at the same time acknowledge that a man's persuasion that a thing is a duty will not excuse him from guilt in practising it
- c. 1685, John Sharp, A Discourse of Conscience
- (transitive) To allow to leave, or release from any obligation.
- (transitive) To provide an excuse for; to explain, with the aim of alleviating guilt or negative judgement.
- To relieve of an imputation by apology or defense; to make apology for as not seriously evil; to ask pardon or indulgence for.
- Think ye that we excuse ourselves to you?
Synonyms
- (to release from guilt, shame, or punishment): forgive, let off the hook, let pass, pardon, unguilt
Derived terms
- 'scuse
- excuse me
- excuse my French
- XQs
Translations
Noun
excuse (countable and uncountable, plural excuses)
- (countable, uncountable) Explanation designed to avoid or alleviate guilt or negative judgment; a plea offered in extenuation of a fault.
- 1604-11, Bible (King James Version), Luke: XIV:18
- And they all with one consent began to make excuse.
- 1604-11, Bible (King James Version), Luke: XIV:18
- (law) A defense to a criminal or civil charge wherein the accused party admits to doing acts for which legal consequences would normally be appropriate, but asserts that special circumstances relieve that party of culpability for having done those acts.
- (with preceding negative adjective, especially sorry, poor or lame) An example of something that is substandard or of inferior quality.
Usage notes
- We often say to make an excuse.
Synonyms
- (explanation designed to avoid or alleviate guilt or negative judgment): pretext release, clear, justify, forgive, tolerate, overlook, exempt, pardon, discharge, pretext, bear with, acquit, exonerate, absolve, pretense, vindicate.
Translations
Further reading
- excuse in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- excuse in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
French
Etymology
From excuser.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?k.skyz/
- (Colloquial) IPA(key): /?s.skyz/
Noun
excuse f (plural excuses)
- excuse
Verb
excuse
- first-person singular present indicative of excuser
- third-person singular present indicative of excuser
- first-person singular present subjunctive of excuser
- third-person singular present subjunctive of excuser
- second-person singular imperative of excuser
Further reading
- “excuse” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Latin
Participle
exc?se
- vocative masculine singular of exc?sus
Spanish
Verb
excuse
- Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of excusar.
- First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of excusar.
- Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of excusar.
- Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present subjunctive form of excusar.
excuse From the web:
- what excuses you from jury duty
- what excuse to call in sick
- what excuses to use for work
- what excuse to not go to work
- what excuse do the conspirators use
- what reasons excuse you from jury duty
- what can excuse you from jury duty
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