different between victimise vs rook
victimise
English
Etymology
victim +? -ise
Verb
victimise (third-person singular simple present victimises, present participle victimising, simple past and past participle victimised)
- Non-Oxford British English standard spelling of victimize.
victimise From the web:
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rook
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??k/
- (sometimes in Northern England; otherwise obsolete) IPA(key): /?u?k/
- Rhymes: -?k
Etymology 1
From Middle English rok, roke, from Old English hr?c, from Proto-West Germanic *hr?k, from Proto-Germanic *hr?kaz (compare Old Norse hrókr, Saterland Frisian Rouk, Dutch roek, obsolete German Ruch), from Proto-Indo-European *kerk- (“crow, raven”) (compare Old Irish cerc (“hen”), Old Prussian kerko (“loon, diver”), dialectal Bulgarian ??????? (krókon, “raven”), Ancient Greek ????? (kórax, “crow”), Old Armenian ????? (ag?aw), Avestan ????????????????????????????????????? (kahrkatat?, “rooster”), Sanskrit ???? (k?kara, “rooster”)), Ukrainian ???? (kruk, “raven”).
Noun
rook (countable and uncountable, plural rooks)
- A European bird, Corvus frugilegus, of the crow family.
- 1768, Thomas Pennant, British Zoology, 168:
- But what distinguishes the rook from the crow is the bill; the nostrils, chin, and sides of that and the mouth being in old birds white and bared of feathers, by often thrusting the bill into the ground in search of the erucæ of the Dor-beetle*; the rook then, instead of being proscribed, should be treated as the farmer's friend; as it clears his ground from caterpillars, that do incredible damage by eating the roots of the corn.
- 1768, Thomas Pennant, British Zoology, 168:
- A cheat or swindler; someone who betrays.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:deceiver, Thesaurus:fraudster
- 7 April 1705, William Wycherley, Letter to Alexander Pope in The Works of Alexander Pope 36:
- So I am (like an old rook, who is ruined by gaming) forced to live on the good fortune of the pushing young men, whose fancies are so vigorous that they ensure their success in their adventures with Muses, by their strength and imagination.
- A bad deal; a rip-off.
- (Britain) A type of firecracker used by farmers to scare birds of the same name.
- (uncountable) A trick-taking game, usually played with a specialized deck of cards.
- 2007, Malcolm Bull and Keith Lockhart, Seeking a Sanctuary: Seventh-day Adventism and the American Dream, 174:
- Adventists still do not really know how to play cards, apart from the sanitized version of bridge, Rook.
- 2007, Malcolm Bull and Keith Lockhart, Seeking a Sanctuary: Seventh-day Adventism and the American Dream, 174:
Derived terms
- rookery
Translations
See also
- squab
Verb
rook (third-person singular simple present rooks, present participle rooking, simple past and past participle rooked)
- (transitive) To cheat or swindle.
- 1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York 2007, p. 311:
- Some had spent a week in Jersey before coming to Guernsey; and, from what Paddy had heard, they really do know how to rook the visitors over there.
- 1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York 2007, p. 311:
Synonyms
- (cheat, swindle): cheat, con, do, dupe, have, swindle
Translations
Etymology 2
From Middle English rook, roke, rok, from Old French roc, ultimately from Persian ??? (rox), from Middle Persian lhw' (rox, “rook, castle (chess)”), possibly from Sanskrit ?? (ratha, “chariot”). Compare roc.
Noun
rook (plural rooks)
- (chess) A piece shaped like a castle tower, that can be moved only up, down, left or right (but not diagonally) or in castling.
- (rare) A castle or other fortification.
Synonyms
- (chesspiece): castle
- (castle): castle, fortress
Translations
See also
Etymology 3
From rookie.
Noun
rook (plural rooks)
- (baseball, slang) A rookie.
Etymology 4
From Middle English roke, rock, rok (“mist; vapour; drizzle; smoke; fumes”), from Old Norse *rauk, related to Icelandic rok, roka (“whirlwind; seafoam; seaspray”), Middle Dutch rooc, rok, Modern Dutch rook (“smoke; fog”).
Noun
rook (uncountable)
- mist; fog; roke
Etymology 5
Verb
rook (third-person singular simple present rooks, present participle rooking, simple past and past participle rooked)
- (obsolete) To squat; to ruck.
Etymology 6
Verb
rook (third-person singular simple present rooks, present participle rooking, simple past and past participle rooked)
- Pronunciation spelling of look.
References
Anagrams
- Koro, Kroo, koro, kroo, roko
Afrikaans
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /r???k/
Etymology 1
From Dutch rook (“smoke”), from Middle Dutch rôoc, from Old Dutch *r?k, from Proto-Germanic *raukiz.
Noun
rook (uncountable)
- smoke
Derived terms
- rookwolk
Etymology 2
From Dutch roken (“to smoke”).
Verb
rook (present rook, present participle rokende, past participle gerook)
- (intransitive, transitive) to smoke (a tobacco product or surrogate)
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ro?k/
- Hyphenation: rook
- Rhymes: -o?k
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch rôoc, from Old Dutch *r?k, from Proto-Germanic *raukiz.
Noun
rook m (uncountable)
- smoke
Derived terms
- roken
- rookontwikkeling
- rooksignaal
- rookwolk
Descendants
- Afrikaans: rook
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the main entry.
Verb
rook
- first-person singular present indicative of roken
- imperative of roken
Verb
rook
- singular past indicative of ruiken
- singular past indicative of rieken
Anagrams
- koor
rook From the web:
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