different between victim vs prize
victim
English
Etymology
From Middle French victime, from Latin victima (“sacrificial animal”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?v?kt?m/
- (weak vowel merger) IPA(key): /?v?kt?m/
- Hyphenation: vic?tim
Noun
victim (plural victims)
- One that is harmed—killed, injured, subjected to oppression, deceived, or otherwise adversely affected—by someone or something, especially another person or event, force, or condition; in particular:
- the youngest victims of the brutal war
- victim of a bad decision by a rushed and overworked judge
- 2014, Holger H. Herwig, The First World War: Germany and Austria-Hungary 1914-1918, A&C Black (?ISBN), page 116:
- Flexibility, one of the hallmarks of German military doctrine, was a victim of the war.
- One who is harmed or killed by a crime or scam.
- victims of assault; the murderer's victims
- became another victim of the latest scam
- One who is harmed or killed by an accident or illness.
- a fundraiser for victims of AIDS; a victim of a car crash
- One who is harmed or killed as a result of other people's biases, emotions or incompetence, or their own.
- a victim of his own pride; a victim of her own incompetence
- the newcomer never managed to make friends, a victim of the town's deep distrust of outsiders
- a victim of sexism; victims of a racist system
- One who is harmed or killed as a result of a natural or man-made disaster or impersonal condition.
- relief efforts to help victims of the hurricane
- victim of an optical illusion; victim of a string of bad luck
- local businesses were the main victims of the economic downturn
- 1970 March 12, United States House Committee on Education and Labor, Summary of Legislative Action of the House Education and Labor Committee for the 91st Congress (1st Session) / Educational Technology Act of 1969: Hearing, Ninety-first Congress, Second Session on H.R. 8838 ... March 12, 1970:
- To some extent the schools and colleges are victims of conditions beyond their control: rapid population growth and mobility, country; to-city migration, unpredictable economic and social changes wrought by technology, […]
- A living being which is slain and offered as a sacrifice, usually in a religious rite.
- (by extension, Christianity) The transfigured body and blood of Christ in the Eucharist.
Usage notes
Many people advise against describing a disabled person as being a victim of the condition that relates to their status as a disabled person and suggest describing a disabled person as having or experiencing that condition instead.
Synonyms
- injured party
Antonyms
- offender
Related terms
- victimize, victimise
- victimization, victimisation
- victimism
- victimist
Translations
References
- victim at OneLook Dictionary Search
- victim in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
- victim in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
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prize
English
Etymology 1
From Middle English prise, from Old French prise (“a taking, capture, a seizure, a thing seized, a prize, booty, also hold, purchase”), past participle of prendre (“to take, to capture”), from Latin prendere (“to take, seize”); see prehend. Compare prison, apprise, comprise, enterprise, purprise, reprisal, surprise, etc.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /p?a?z/
- Rhymes: -a?z
- Homophones: pries, prise
Noun
prize (plural prizes)
- That which is taken from another; something captured; a thing seized by force, stratagem, or superior power.
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, London: William Ponsonbie, Book 4, Canto 4, p. 54,[1]
- […] wherefore he now begunne
- To challenge her anew, as his owne prize,
- Whom formerly he had in battell wonne,
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, London: William Ponsonbie, Book 4, Canto 4, p. 54,[1]
- (military, nautical) Anything captured by a belligerent using the rights of war; especially, property captured at sea in virtue of the rights of war, as a vessel.
- An honour or reward striven for in a competitive contest; anything offered to be competed for, or as an inducement to, or reward of, effort.
- 1676, John Dryden, Aureng-zebe, London: Henry Herringman, Act 5, p. 73,[2]
- I fought and conquer’d, yet have lost the prize.
- 1676, John Dryden, Aureng-zebe, London: Henry Herringman, Act 5, p. 73,[2]
- That which may be won by chance, as in a lottery.
- 1928, Weston Jarvis, Jottings from an Active Life, London: Heath Cranton, p. 256,[3]
- Cecil Rhodes […] was never tired of impressing upon one that the fact of being an Englishman was “the greatest prize in the lottery of life,” and that it was that thought which always sustained him when he was troubled.
- 1928, Weston Jarvis, Jottings from an Active Life, London: Heath Cranton, p. 256,[3]
- Anything worth striving for; a valuable possession held or in prospect.
- 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Philippians 3.14,[4]
- I press toward the mark for the prize of the high calling of God in Christ Jesus.
- 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Philippians 3.14,[4]
- (obsolete) A contest for a reward; competition.
- c. 1596, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice, Act III, Scene 2,[5]
- Like one of two contending in a prize,
- That thinks he hath done well in people's eyes […]
- c. 1596, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice, Act III, Scene 2,[5]
- A lever; a pry; also, the hold of a lever.
- Synonym: prise
Usage notes
Do not confuse with price.
Derived terms
Translations
See also
- prise
- price
Etymology 2
From Middle English prysen, borrowed from Old French priser (“to set a price or value on, esteem, value”), from pris (“price”), from Latin pretium (“price, value”), whence price; see also praise, a doublet. Compare appraise, apprize.
Verb
prize (third-person singular simple present prizes, present participle prizing, simple past and past participle prized)
- To consider highly valuable; to esteem.
- c. 1611, William Shakespeare, The Tempest, Act III, Scene 1,[6]
- […] I
- Beyond all limit of what else i’ the world
- Do love, prize, honour you.
- 1676, John Dryden, Aureng-zebe, London: Henry Herringman, Act V, p. 83,[7]
- I pris’d your Person, but your Crown disdain.
- 2013, J. M. Coetzee, The Childhood of Jesus, London: Harvill Secker, Chapter 20, p. 167,[8]
- ‘ […] An old broken cup has no value. No one prizes it.’
- ‘I prize it. It’s my museum, not yours.’
- c. 1611, William Shakespeare, The Tempest, Act III, Scene 1,[6]
- (obsolete) To set or estimate the value of; to appraise; to price; to rate.
- c. 1610, William Shakespeare, The Winter’s Tale, Act III, Scene 2,[9]
- […] no life,
- I prize it not a straw, but for mine honour,
- 1611 King James Version of the Bible, Zechariah 11.13,[10]
- […] a goodly price that I was prized at.
- c. 1610, William Shakespeare, The Winter’s Tale, Act III, Scene 2,[9]
- To move with a lever; to force up or open; to prise or pry.
- (obsolete) To compete in a prizefight.
Derived terms
- foreprize
- outprize
- overprize
- prizable
- prizer
- underprize
- unprizable
- unprized
Translations
Etymology 3
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Adjective
prize (not comparable)
- Having won a prize; award-winning.
- a prize vegetable
- first-rate; exceptional
- He was a prize fool.
Etymology 4
Alternative forms.
Noun
prize (plural prizes)
- Obsolete form of price. [16th–19th c.]
- 1777, Joshua Reynolds, in John Ingamells, John Edgcumbe (eds.), The Letters of Sir Joshua Reynolds, Yale 2000, p. 69:
- My prizes – for a head is thirty five Guineas – As far as the Knees seventy – and for a whole-length one hundred and fifty.
- 1777, Joshua Reynolds, in John Ingamells, John Edgcumbe (eds.), The Letters of Sir Joshua Reynolds, Yale 2000, p. 69:
Further reading
- prize in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- prize in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Anagrams
- pizer, rezip
prize From the web:
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