different between vicious vs vitiate
vicious
English
Alternative forms
- vitious (obsolete)
Etymology
From Middle English vicious, from Anglo-Norman vicious, (modern French vicieux), from Latin viti?sus, from vitium (“fault, vice”). Equivalent to vice +? -ous.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?v???s/
- Rhymes: -???s
Adjective
vicious (comparative viciouser or more vicious, superlative viciousest or most vicious)
- Violent, destructive and cruel.
- Savage and aggressive.
- (archaic) Pertaining to vice; characterised by immorality or depravity.
- , Folio Society, 2006, vol.1, p.195:
- We may so seize on vertue, that if we embrace it with an over-greedy and violent desire, it may become vicious.
- , Folio Society, 2006, vol.1, p.195:
Synonyms
- scathy
Derived terms
- vicious circle
Related terms
- See vice#Related_terms
Translations
Middle English
Etymology
Borrowed from Anglo-Norman vicious, from Latin viti?sus; equivalent to vice +? -ous.
Alternative forms
- viciows, vicius, vycious, vycyus, vicyous, vecyous, vysyous, vycios, vycyous, vicyows
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /visi?u?s/, /vis?ju?s/, /?visjus/
Adjective
vicious (plural and weak singular viciouse)
- Iniquitous, sinful, wicked (often in a way that causes harm or vice to/in others)
- (rare) Lacking purity or cleanness; spoiled or defiled.
- (rare) Inaccurate, modified, or debased; of substandard quality.
- (rare) Injurious, dangerous; causing serious harm.
Descendants
- English: vicious
- Scots: veecious
References
- “vici?us, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-03-01.
Old French
Etymology
From Latin viti?sus;
Adjective
vicious m (oblique and nominative feminine singular viciouse)
- vicious; malicious
- defective; not capable of functioning
Declension
Descendants
- Middle English: vicious, viciows, vicius, vycious, vycyus, vicyous, vecyous, vysyous, vycios, vycyous, vicyows
- English: vicious
- Scots: veecious
References
- vicios on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
vicious From the web:
- what vicious means
- what vicious circle is marshall talking about
- what vicious circle are the bangle makers trapped in
- what vicious circle is referred to in lost spring
- what vicious circle of poverty
- what vicious cycle
- vicious cycle meaning
- what's vicious in french
vitiate
English
Alternative forms
- viciate
Etymology
From viti?tus, the perfect passive participle of Latin viti? (“damage, spoil”), from vitium (“vice”).
Pronunciation
- (UK, General American) IPA(key): /?v??.i.e?t/
- (US)
Verb
vitiate (third-person singular simple present vitiates, present participle vitiating, simple past and past participle vitiated)
- (transitive) to spoil, make faulty; to reduce the value, quality, or effectiveness of something
- 1838, Ralph Waldo Emerson, "An Address delivered before the Senior Class in Divinity College, Cambridge, Sunday evening, 15 July, 1838":
- The least admixture of a lie, -- for example, the taint of vanity, the least attempt to make a good impression, a favorable appearance, -- will instantly vitiate the effect.
- 2007, David Roodman, "A Short Note on the Theme of Too Many Instruments", Center for Global Development Working Paper 125 (August 2007), p. 9
- Unfortunately, as Anderson and Sørenson (1996) and Bowsher (2002) document, instrument proliferation can vitiate the test.
- 1838, Ralph Waldo Emerson, "An Address delivered before the Senior Class in Divinity College, Cambridge, Sunday evening, 15 July, 1838":
- (transitive) to debase or morally corrupt
- (transitive, archaic) to violate, to rape
- (transitive) to make something ineffective, to invalidate
Related terms
- See vice
Translations
References
Further reading
- vitiate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- vitiate in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
- vitiate at OneLook Dictionary Search
Latin
Verb
viti?te
- second-person plural present active imperative of viti?
vitiate From the web:
- what vitiates a contract
- what vitiate fasting
- what vitiates consent
- what vitiate hajj
- what vitiates ablution
- what vitiate tayammum
- what vitiates sawm
- vitiate meaning
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