different between utter vs state
utter
English
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /??t?/, [??t?]
- (US) IPA(key): /??t?/, [????]
- Rhymes: -?t?(?)
Etymology 1
From Old English ?tera, comparative of ?t (“out”). Compare outer.
Adjective
utter (not comparable)
- (now poetic, literary) Outer; furthest out, most remote. [from 10th c.]
- (obsolete) Outward. [13th–16th c.]
- 1526, William Tyndale, trans. Bible, Matthew XXIII:
- Wo be to you scrybes and pharises ypocrites, for ye make clene the utter side off the cuppe, and off the platter: but within they are full of brybery and excesse.
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, IV.10:
- So forth without impediment I past, / Till to the Bridges utter gate I came […] .
- 1526, William Tyndale, trans. Bible, Matthew XXIII:
- Absolute, unconditional, total, complete. [from 15th c.]
- utter ruin; utter darkness
- 1708, Francis Atterbury, Fourteen Sermons Preach'd on Several Occasions : Preface
- They […] are utter strangers to all those anxious […] thoughts which […] disquiet mankind.
Synonyms
- see also Thesaurus:total
Derived terms
Translations
Etymology 2
Partly from out (adverb, verb), partly from Middle Dutch uteren.
Verb
utter (third-person singular simple present utters, present participle uttering, simple past and past participle uttered)
- (transitive) To produce (speech or other sounds) with one's voice.
- Synonyms: let out, say, speak
- Don't you utter another word!
- 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Proverbs 1.20,[2]
- Wisdom crieth without; she uttereth her voice in the streets:
- 1748, Tobias Smollett, The Adventures of Roderick Random, London: J. Osborn, Volume 2, Chapter 50, p. 156,[3]
- […] he made no other reply, for some time, than lifting up his eyes, clasping his hands, and uttering a hollow groan.
- 1868, Louisa May Alcott, Little Women, Boston: Roberts Brothers, Volume 1, Chapter 17, p. 263,[4]
- […] Laurie slyly pulled the parrot’s tail, which caused Polly to utter an astonished croak,
- (transitive) To reveal or express (an idea, thought, desire, etc.) with speech.
- Synonyms: declare, say, tell
- 1644, John Milton, Areopagitica, London, p. 35,[5]
- Give me the liberty to know, to utter, and to argue freely according to conscience, above all liberties.
- 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, Dublin: John Smith, Volume 1, Book 2, Chapter 6, p. 77,[6]
- […] tho’ a few odd Fellows will utter their own Sentiments in all Places, yet much the greater Part of Mankind have enough of the Courtier to accommodate their Conversation to the Taste and Inclination of their Superiors.
- 1871, George Eliot, Middlemarch, Edinburgh: William Blackwood, Volume 4, Part 2, Book 8, Chapter 83, p. 323,[7]
- Each had been full of thoughts which neither of them could begin to utter.
- 1959, Muriel Spark, Memento Mori, New York: Time, 1964, Chapter , p. 213,[8]
- “Your master,” he declared, “has uttered a damnable lie about a dead friend of mine.”
- 1995, Rohinton Mistry, A Fine Balance, Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, Part 11, p. 528,[9]
- “Don’t worry about me,” he uttered with minimum lip movement.
- (transitive, figuratively) To produce (a noise) (of an inanimate object).
- Synonyms: emit, let out
- Sally's car uttered a hideous shriek when she applied the brakes.
- (transitive, obsolete) To spit or blow (something) out of one's mouth.
- 1819, Washington Irving, “Rip van Winkle” in The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent., London: John Murray, 3rd ed., 1820, Volume 1, p. 79,[10]
- He looked in vain for the sage Nicholas Vedder, with his broad face, double chin, and fair long pipe, uttering clouds of tobacco smoke instead of idle speeches;
- 1821, Charles Lamb, “The Old Benchers of the Inner Temple” in The London Magazine, Volume 4, No. 21, September 1821, p. 280,[11]
- Four little winged marble boys used to play their virgin fancies, spouting out ever fresh streams from their innocent-wanton lips, in the square of Lincoln’s-inn […] Are the stiff-wigged living figures, that still flitter and chatter about that area, less gothic in appearance? or, is the splutter of their hot rhetoric one half so refreshing and innocent, as the little cool playful streams those exploded cherubs uttered?
- 1819, Washington Irving, “Rip van Winkle” in The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent., London: John Murray, 3rd ed., 1820, Volume 1, p. 79,[10]
- (transitive, obsolete) To emit or give off (breath).
- c. 1595, William Shakespeare, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Act IV, Scene 2,[12]
- […] most dear actors, eat no onions nor garlic, for we are to utter sweet breath;
- 1629, William Davenant, The Tragedy of Albovine, King of the Lombards, London: R. Moore, Act I, Scene 1,[13]
- […] now the King forsakes
- The Campe, he must maintaine luxurious mouthes,
- Such as can vtter perfum’d breath,
- c. 1595, William Shakespeare, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Act IV, Scene 2,[12]
- (transitive, archaic) To shed (a tear or tears).
- 1615, Francis Beaumont and John Fletcher, Cupid’s Revenge, London: Josias Harrison, Act V, Scene 1,[14]
- […] weepe now or neuer, thou hast made more sorrowes then we haue eyes to vtter.
- 1928, Robert Byron, The Station: Travels to the Holy Mountain of Greece, Bloomsbury, 2010, Chapter 6,[15]
- […] a mythological matron, in a classical helmet, uttering a tear at a rustic cross bound in blue and white ribbons and inscribed TO THE FALLEN—1912,
- 1615, Francis Beaumont and John Fletcher, Cupid’s Revenge, London: Josias Harrison, Act V, Scene 1,[14]
- (transitive, obsolete) To offer (something) for sale; to sell.
- 1577, Raphael Holinshed et al., Holinshed's Chronicles, London: John Hunne, The History of Ireland,[16]
- […] certayne Merchants […] obteyned licence safely to arriue here in Ireland with their wares, and to vtter the same.
- c. 1594, Romeo and Juliet, Act V, Scene 1,[17]
- Such mortal drugs I have; but Mantua’s law
- Is death to any he that utters them.
- 1605, Francis Bacon, The Advancement of Learning, London: Henry Tomes, Book 2, p. 72,[18]
- […] at the Olimpian games […] some cam as Merchants to vtter their commodities,
- 1722, Daniel Defoe, A Journal of the Plague Year, London: E. Nutt et al., p. 51,[19]
- No infected Stuff [i.e. items made of cloth] to be uttered.
- 1577, Raphael Holinshed et al., Holinshed's Chronicles, London: John Hunne, The History of Ireland,[16]
- (transitive, obsolete) To put (currency) into circulation.
- Synonym: circulate
- 1564, Proclamation of Elizabeth I of England dated November, 1564, London: Richard Jugge and John Cawood, 1565,[20]
- […] there are […] forrayne peeces of golde, of the like quantitie and fashion (although of lesse value) lyke to an Englyshe Angell, brought hyther, and here vttered and payde for ten shyllynges of syluer, beyng for they lacke of wayght, and for the basenesse of the allay, not worth. vii. shillinges, to the great deceite and losse of the subiectes of this her Realme:
- 1735, Jonathan Swift, Drapier’s Letters, Letter 3, in The Works of Jonathan Swift, Dublin: George Faulkner, Volume 4, p. 123,[21]
- There is nothing remaining to preserve us from Ruin, but that the whole Kingdom should continue in a firm determinate Resolution never to receive or utter this FATAL Coin:
- 1842, cited in Supplement to The Jurist, containing a Digest of All the Reported Cases […] published during the year 1842, p. 49,[22]
- If two persons jointly prepare counterfeit coin, and then utter it in different shops, apart from each other, but in concert, and intending to share the proceeds, the utterings of each are the joint utterings of both, and they may be convicted jointly.
- (transitive, obsolete) To show (something that has been hidden); to reveal the identity of (someone).
- 1535, Miles Coverdale, Coverdale Bible, Genesis 45.1,[23]
- […] there stode no man by him, whan Ioseph vttred him self vnto his brethren.
- 1561, William Whittingham et al. (translators), Geneva Bible, Mark 3.12,[24]
- And he [Jesus] sharpely rebuked them [the unclean spirits], to the end they shulde not vtter him.
- 1535, Miles Coverdale, Coverdale Bible, Genesis 45.1,[23]
- (transitive, obsolete) To send or put (something) out.
- 1548, Edward Hall, The Union of the Two Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre [and] Yorke, London: Richard Grafton, Henry VI, year 37,[25]
- As fier beyng enclosed in a strayte place, wil by force vtter his flamme […]
- 1579, Edmund Spenser, The Shepheardes Calender, London: Hugh Singleton, “March,” Aegloga Tertia,[26]
- Seest not thilke same Hawthorne studde,
- How bragly it beginnes to budde,
- And vtter his tender head?
- 1548, Edward Hall, The Union of the Two Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre [and] Yorke, London: Richard Grafton, Henry VI, year 37,[25]
Synonyms
Derived terms
Translations
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse otr, from Proto-Germanic *utraz, from Proto-Indo-European *udrós (“water-animal, otter”), from *wed- (“water”).
Noun
utter c
- otter; a mammal of the family Mustelidae
Declension
utter From the web:
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- what uttered by a mime crossword
- what utter nonsense
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state
English
Etymology
Middle English (as a noun); adopted c. 1200 from both Old French estat and Latin status (“manner of standing, attitude, position, carriage, manner, dress, apparel; and other senses”), from stare (“to stand”). Doublet of estate and status. The sense of "polity" develops in the 14th century. Compare French être, Greek ???? (stéo), Italian stare, Portuguese estar, Romanian sta, and Spanish estar.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /ste?t/
- Rhymes: -e?t
Noun
state (plural states)
- A condition; a set of circumstances applying at any given time.
- (physics) A complete description of a system, consisting of parameters that determine all properties of the system.
- 1977, J. B. Sykes and John Stewart Bell, translating Lev Landau and Evgeny Lifshitz, Course of Theoretical Physics Vol. 3: Quantum Mechanics: Non-relativistic Theory, p.28:
- States in which the energy has definite values are called stationary states of a system; they are described by wave functions ?n which are the eigenfunctions of the Hamiltonian operator, i.e. which satisfy the equation ??n = En?n, where En are the eigenvalues of the energy.
- 1977, J. B. Sykes and John Stewart Bell, translating Lev Landau and Evgeny Lifshitz, Course of Theoretical Physics Vol. 3: Quantum Mechanics: Non-relativistic Theory, p.28:
- (computing) The stable condition of a processor during a particular clock cycle.
- (computing) The set of all parameters relevant to a computation.
- (computing) The values of all parameters at some point in a computation.
- (sciences) The physical property of matter as solid, liquid, gas or plasma.
- (obsolete) Highest and stationary condition, as that of maturity between growth and decline, or as that of crisis between the increase and the abating of a disease; height; acme.
- (physics) A complete description of a system, consisting of parameters that determine all properties of the system.
- High social standing or circumstance.
- Pomp, ceremony, or dignity.
- Rank; condition; quality.
- c. 1593, William Shakespeare, Richard III, [Act I, Scene iii]:
- And le?ned by that ?mall, God I be?eech him, / Thy honor, ?tate, and ?eate, is due to me.
- c. 1593, William Shakespeare, Richard III, [Act I, Scene iii]:
- Condition of prosperity or grandeur; wealthy or prosperous circumstances; social importance.
- A chair with a canopy above it, often standing on a dais; a seat of dignity; also, the canopy itself.
- (obsolete) A great person, a dignitary; a lord or prince.
- 1644, John Milton, Aeropagitica, page 1:
- They who to States and Governours of the Commonwealth direct their Speech, High Court of Parlament, or wanting ?uch acce??e in a private condition, write that which they fore?ee may advance the publick good?; I ?uppo?e them as at the beginning of no meane endeavour, not a little alter’d and mov’d inwardly in their mindes […]
- 1644, John Milton, Aeropagitica, page 1:
- (obsolete) Estate, possession.
- Pomp, ceremony, or dignity.
- A polity.
- Any sovereign polity; a national or city-state government.
- a. 1949, Albert Einstein, as quoted by Virgil Henshaw in Albert Einstein: Philosopher Scientist (1949)
- Never do anything against conscience even if the state demands it.
- a. 1949, Albert Einstein, as quoted by Virgil Henshaw in Albert Einstein: Philosopher Scientist (1949)
- A political division of a federation retaining a notable degree of autonomy, as in the United States, Germany, or Australia.
- (obsolete) A form of government other than a monarchy.
- (anthropology) A society larger than a tribe. A society large enough to form a state in the sense of a government.
- Any sovereign polity; a national or city-state government.
- (mathematics, stochastic processes) An element of the range of the random variables that define a random process.
- (grammar, semantics) The lexical aspect (aktionsart) of verbs or predicates that do not change over time.
- Antonym: occurrence
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Pages starting with “state”.
Translations
Verb
state (third-person singular simple present states, present participle stating, simple past and past participle stated)
- (transitive) To declare to be a fact.
- Carried somehow, somewhither, for some reason, on these surging floods, were these travelers, of errand not wholly obvious to their fellows, yet of such sort as to call into query alike the nature of their errand and their own relations. It is easily earned repetition to state that Josephine St. Auban's was a presence not to be concealed.
- (transitive) To make known.
Usage notes
State is stronger or more definitive than say. It is used to communicate an absence of reasonable doubt and to emphasize the factual or truthful nature of the communication.
Synonyms
- See Thesaurus:communicate
Translations
Adjective
state (comparative more state, superlative most state)
- (obsolete) Stately.
Related terms
- estate
- statistics
- status
- State
See also
- department
- province
Further reading
- state on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
References
- state at OneLook Dictionary Search
- state in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
- state in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- state in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Anagrams
- Satet, Testa, Tetas, aetts, atest, taste, teats, testa
Afrikaans
Noun
state
- plural of staat
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?sta.te/
- Rhymes: -ate
- Hyphenation: stà?te
Etymology 1
Apheretic form of estate.
Noun
state f (plural stati)
- (Tuscany) Alternative form of estate
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the main entry.
Verb
state
- inflection of stare:
- second-person plural present indicative
- second-person plural imperative
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the main entry.
Participle
state
- feminine plural of stato
Anagrams
- setta, testa
References
- state in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti
Latin
Verb
st?te
- second-person plural present active imperative of st?
Participle
state
- vocative masculine singular of status
state From the web:
- what state is washington dc in
- what state is md
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