different between usage vs performance

English

Alternative forms

• usuage (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English usage, from Anglo-Norman and Old French usage.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ju?s?d??/, /?ju?z?d??/

Noun

usage (countable and uncountable, plural usages)

1. Habit, practice.
   1. A custom or established practice. [from 14th c.]
      • 1792, James Boswell, in Danziger & Brady (eds.), Boswell: The Great Biographer (Journals 1789–1795), Yale 1989, p. 170:

        [S]everal young people sung sacred music in the churchyard at night, which it seems is an usage here.

   2. (uncountable) Custom, tradition. [from 14th c.]
   3. Behaviour or a specific act typical of a person or people; habit. [from 14th c.]
      • 1846, Charles Dickens, Dombey & Son:

        Mrs. Wickam, agreeably to the usage of some ladies in her condition, pursued […] the subject, without any compunction.

2. Utilization.
   1. The act of using something; use, employment. [from 14th c.]
   2. The established custom of using language; the ways and contexts in which spoken and written words are used, especially by a certain group of people or in a certain region. [from 14th c.]
   3. (now archaic) Action towards someone; treatment, especially in negative sense. [from 16th c.]
      • 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, IV.4:

        Whose sharp provokement them incenst so sore, / That both were bent t'avenge his usage base […]

      • Satisfy a child by a constant course of your care and kindness, that you perfectly love him, and he may by degrees be accustom'd to bear very painful and rough usage from you, without flinching or complaining

Derived terms

Translations

References

• “usage” in R.R.K. Hartmann and Gregory James, Dictionary of Lexicography, Routledge, 1998.
• Sydney I. Landau (2001), Dictionaries: The Art and Craft of Lexicography, 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press, p 217.

Anagrams

• Gause, agues, gause, suage

French

Etymology

From Latin ?sus + -age. Compare Medieval Latin usagium.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /y.za?/

Noun

usage m (plural usages)

1. usage, use
2. (lexicography) The ways and contexts in which spoken and written words are actually used, determined by a lexicographer's intuition or from corpus analysis (as opposed to correct or proper use of language, proclaimed by some authority).

Derived terms

• d'usage
• en usage
• faire usage
• hors d'usage

Related terms

• usager

See also

• descriptif, normatif

Further reading

• “usage” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• auges, sauge, suage

Middle French

Noun

usage m (plural usages)

1. habit; custom

Old French

Noun

usage m (oblique plural usages, nominative singular usages, nominative plural usage)

1. usage; use
2. habit; custom

English

Alternative forms

• performaunce (obsolete)

Etymology

perform +? -ance

Pronunciation

• enPR: p?r-fôr?-m?ns, IPA^(key): /p??.?f??.m?ns/
  • (UK) IPA^(key): [p?.?f??.m?ns]
  • (US) IPA^(key): [p?.?f??.m?ns]
• Hyphenation: per?for?mance

Noun

performance (countable and uncountable, plural performances)

1. The act of performing; carrying into execution or action; execution; achievement; accomplishment; representation by action.
2. That which is performed or accomplished; a thing done or carried through; an achievement; a deed; an act; a feat; especially, an action of an elaborate or public character.
3. (art) A live show or concert.
4. The amount of useful work accomplished estimated in terms of time needed, resources used, etc.

5. (linguistics) The actual use of language in concrete situations by native speakers of a language, as opposed to the system of linguistic knowledge they possess (competence), cf. w:linguistic performance.

Usage notes

• Adjectives often applied to "performance": high, poor, improved, superior, excellent, good, peak, top, optimal, low, economic, academic, financial, musical, human, environmental, vocal, cognitive, dynamic, organizational, historical, physical, social, mechanical, electrical, mental, macroeconomic.

Hyponyms

Derived terms

• high-performance
• low-performance
• performance art

Related terms

• performant

Descendants

Translations

References

• performance at OneLook Dictionary Search
• performance in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• performance in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Catalan

Etymology

From English performance.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /per?f?rm?ns/

Noun

performance f (plural performances)

1. performance (a live show or concert)

Further reading

• “performance” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.

References

French

Etymology

Borrowed from English performance.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p??.f??.m??s/
• Rhymes: -??s

Noun

performance f (plural performances)

1. (sports) performance

Further reading

• “performance” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from English performance.

Noun

performance f (invariable)

1. performance

Synonyms

• (the act of performing) esecuzione
• (accomplishment) prestazione, rendimento
• (show) esibizione

Further reading

• performance in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• perfórmance (uncommon)

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /pe?.?f??.m??.si/

Etymology

Borrowed from English performance.

Noun

performance f (plural performances)

1. performance (amount of useful work accomplished by someone or something)

   Synonym: desempenho

Further reading

• “performance” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from English performance.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pe??fo?mans/, [pe??fo?.mãns]

Noun

performance f (plural performances)

1. performance art
2. performance (amount of useful work accomplished)

Further reading

• “performance” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.