different between tympanum vs tympan

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tympanum (“a drum, timbrel, tambourine; the eardrum”). Doublet of timbre and timpani.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?t?m.p?n.?m/
• Rhymes: -?mp?n?m

Noun

tympanum (plural tympanums or tympana)

1. (archaic) a drum
2. (anatomy, zootomy) Any of various anatomic structures in various animals with analogy to a drum head:
   1. (anatomy, zootomy) the eardrum (tympanic membrane, membrana tympanica).
   2. (anatomy, zootomy) the main portion of the middle ear: the tympanic cavity (cavitas tympani).
   3. (zootomy, entomology) a thin tense membrane covering the hearing organ on the leg or body of some insects, sometimes adapted (as in cicadas) for producing sound.
   4. (zootomy) a membranous resonator in a sound-producing organ in frogs and toads.
   5. (zootomy) (in certain birds) the labyrinth at the bottom of the windpipe.
3. (architecture) a vertical recessed triangular space between the sides of a pediment, typically decorated
   1. the recessed triangular space within an arch, and above a lintel or a subordinate arch, spanning the opening below the arch
4. (engineering) a drum-shaped wheel with spirally curved partitions by which water is raised to the axis when the wheel revolves with the lower part of the circumference submerged; used for raising water, as for irrigation

Derived terms

Translations

References

• “tympanum”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
• “tympanum”, in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary, (Please provide a date or year).

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ????????? (túmpanon, “a kettledrum, drum”), from ?????? (túpt?, “to strike, beat, smite”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?tym.pa.num/, [?t??mpän???]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?tim.pa.num/, [?t?imp?num]

Noun

tympanum n (genitive tympan?); second declension

1. (literally, music) drum, timbrel, tambour, tambourine
   1. (figuratively) timbrel as a figure of something effeminate or enervating
2. (transferred sense) (of things of a like shape):
   1. drum or wheel in machines for raising weights, in water organs, etc.
   2. (architecture):
      1. triangular area of a pediment
      2. panel of a door
      3. part of the clepsydra

         Synonym: phellos

Inflection

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Derived terms

• tympanium

Related terms

Descendants

Note: see ????????? (túmpanon) for later re-borrowings from Byzantine.

References

• von Wartburg, Walther (1928–2002) , “tympanum”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 132, page 455
• tympanum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• tympanum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tympanum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• tympanum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• tympanum in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia?^[1]
• tympanum in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tympanum in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

tympanum n

1. form removed with the spelling reform of 2005; superseded by tympanon

English

Etymology

From Medieval Latin tympanum.

Noun

tympan (plural tympans)

1. (printing) A piece of cloth padding placed under the platen of a letterpress to distribute the pressure on the sheet being printed.
2. (music) The stretched membrane of a drum.
3. (music) A percussion instrument consisting of a hollow cylinder with such a membrane at each end.
4. (architecture) A tympanum.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tympanum. Doublet of timbre, which was inherited.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t??.p??/

Noun

tympan m (plural tympans)

1. (anatomy) eardrum
2. (anatomy) middle ear
3. (architecture) tympanum
4. (historical) treadwheel, treadmill
5. (by extension) hydraulic wheel
6. (dated or literary, music) various percussion instruments, such as gongs, tympans, tambourines, etc.
7. (printing) tympan

Derived terms

• tympanique

Further reading

• “tympan” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).