different between troop vs zeriba

English

Etymology

Attested in English since 1545, from French troupe (back-formation of troupeau, diminutive of Medieval Latin troppus "flock") and Middle French trouppe (from Old French trope (“band, company, troop”)), both of Germanic origin from Frankish *thorp (“assembly, gathering”), from Proto-Germanic *þurp? (“village, land, estate”), from Proto-Indo-European *treb- (“dwelling, settlement”). Doublet of troupe, and possibly also of thorp and dorp.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /t?u?p/
• (US) IPA^(key): /t?up/
• Rhymes: -u?p
• Homophone: troupe

Noun

troop (plural troops)

1. (collective) A collection of people; a number; a multitude (in general).
2. (military) A small unit of cavalry or armour commanded by a captain, corresponding to a platoon or company of infantry.
3. A detachment of soldiers or police, especially horse artillery, armour, or state troopers.
4. (chiefly in the plural) A group of soldiers; military forces.
5. (nonstandard) A company of actors; a troupe.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of W. Coxe to this entry?)

6. (Scouting) A chapter of a national girl or boy scouts organization, consisting of one or more patrols of 6 to 8 youngsters each.
   • Lord Baden-Powell of Gilwell (1920) Aids To Scoutmastership?^[1], page 6: “It is the Patrol System that makes the Troop, and all Scouting for that matter, a real co-operative effort.”
7. (collective) A group of baboons.
8. A particular roll of the drum; a quick march.
9. (mycology) Mushrooms that are in a close group but not close enough to be called a cluster.

Derived terms

• troop carrier
• trooper
• troop horse
• troopship
• troop train

Translations

Verb

troop (third-person singular simple present troops, present participle trooping, simple past and past participle trooped)

1. To move in numbers; to come or gather in crowds or troops.
2. To march on; to go forward in haste.
3. To move or march as if in a crowd.

Derived terms

• troop the colour (British, military)

Translations

See also

• Appendix:English collective nouns

References

• “troop” in the Canadian Oxford Dictionary, Second Edition, Oxford University Press, 2004.
• Douglas Harper (2001–2021) , “troop”, in Online Etymology Dictionary

Anagrams

• Porto, Proto, porto, porto-, proot, proto, proto-, tropo, tropo-

Dutch

Pronunciation

Noun

troop f (plural tropen, diminutive troopje n)

1. (music, literature, linguistics) trope

English

Alternative forms

• zareba (particularly in figurative uses)
• seriba, sariba
• zerybeh
• zereba, zareeba, zerriba

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ????????? (zar?ba, “pen, cattle pen”).

Noun

zeriba (plural zeribas)

1. (historical) A fence of the type once commonly improvised in northeastern Africa from thornbushes.
   • 1849, Charles William O’Reilly (translator), Expedition to Discover the Sources of the White Nile by Ferdinand Werne, London: Richard Bentley, Volume II, Chapter 5, p. 112,^[1]

     On the left shore two neat farmyards shew themselves in a shining seriba of reeds, the stalks of which are connected very regularly with each other, but perhaps only afford resistance to tame animals.

   • 1895, A. H. Keane, Africa, Volume I, North Africa, (Stanford’s Compendium of Geography and Travel), London: Edward Stanford, Chapter 5, p. 245, footnote 1,^[2]

     In Arabic zeriba means any kind of rough and ready fenced enclosure; hence the expression “zeriba country” applied by some geographers to the northern slope of the Nile-Congo divide, where the Arab traders and slave-hunters had founded numerous palisaded stations long before the establishment of the Egyptian administration in that region.

2. (by extension) An improvised stockade, particularly those similarly located and constructed.
   • 1884, The Times, 11 March, 1884, p. 5,

     The Black Watch (Royal Highlanders) advanced this morning to Baker Pasha’s zariba.
3. (by extension) A camp of troops employing such an enclosure.
   • 1887, The Times, 9 April, 1887, p. 5,

     […] forming a zariba, or square, to resist cavalry.

4. (by extension) Any wild and barbed barrier, evocative of a briar or thorn patch.
   • 1910, P. G. Wodehouse, “Deep Waters” in Collier’s, Volume 45, 28 May, 1910, p. 18,^[4]

     Once you had passed the initial zareba of fruit stands, souvenir stands, ice-cream stands, and the lair of the enthusiast whose aim in life it was to sell you picture postal-cards, and had won through to the long walk where the seats were, you were practically alone with Nature.

   • 1940, Graham Greene, The Power and the Glory, London: Vintage, 2001, Chapter 2,

     […] a small withered soldier sat by the prison door with a gun between his knees and the shadows of the palms pointed at him like a zareba of sabres.

   • 1944, Miles Burton, The Three Corpse Trick, London: Collins, Chapter 5,^[5]

     The hovel stood in the centre of what had once been a vegetable garden, but was now a patch of rank weeds. Surrounding this, almost like a zareba, was an irregular ring of gorse and brambles, an unclaimed vestige of the original common.

   • 1961, P. G. Wodehouse, Ice in Bedroom, New York: Simon & Schuster, Chapter 7, p. 52,

     Owing to his obiter dicta having to be filtered through a zareba of white hair, it was not always easy to catch exactly what Mr. Cornelius said.

Verb

zeriba (third-person singular simple present zeribas, present participle zeribaing, simple past and past participle zeribaed)

1. To erect or take refuge within a zeriba.
   • 1885, R. F. T. Gascoigne, “To Within a Mile of Khartoum,” The Nineteenth Century, No. 101, July 1885, p. 89,^[6]

     […] the Brigadier ordered the force to zereba on the best position that was near.

   • 1911, “Somaliland” in the Encyclopædia Britannica 11th ed., Vol. 25, p. 382,^[7]

     On the 2nd of June a small force, zeribaed under Captain Malcolm McNeill, was attacked by the mullah’s followers but repulsed after desperate fighting.

Further reading

• Zeriba in the 1920 edition of Encyclopedia Americana.

Anagrams

• braize

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ????????? (zar?ba, “pen, cattle pen”).

Noun

zeriba f (plural zeribe)

1. zeriba (African type of fence)