different between trim vs abbreviate
trim
English
Etymology
From Middle English trimen, trymen, trümen, from Old English trymman (“to make firm; strengthen”), from Proto-Germanic *trumjan? (“to make fast; strengthen”), from Proto-Germanic *trumaz (“firm; strong; sound”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t??m/, [t??????m]
- Rhymes: -?m
Verb
trim (third-person singular simple present trims, present participle trimming, simple past and past participle trimmed)
- (transitive) To reduce slightly; to cut; especially, to remove excess.
- (transitive) To decorate or adorn; especially of a Christmas tree.
- (transitive, aviation, of an aircraft) To adjust the positions of control surfaces, sometimes using trim tabs, so as to modify or eliminate the aircraft's tendency to pitch, roll, or yaw when the cockpit controls are released.
- (transitive, nautical, of a vessel) To modify the angle relative to the water by shifting cargo or ballast; to adjust for sailing; to assume, or cause to assume a certain position, or trim, in the water.
- 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island
- The captain made us trim the boat, and we got her to lie a little more evenly.
- 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island
- (transitive, nautical, of a vessel's sails) To modify the angle (of the sails) relative to the wind, especially to set them at the most advantageous angle.
- (dated) To balance; to fluctuate between parties, so as to appear to favour each.
- (transitive) To make trim; to put in due order for any purpose; to make right, neat, or pleasing; to adjust.
- The hermit trimmed his little fire.
- (transitive, carpentry, of timber) To dress; to make smooth.
- (transitive, dated) To rebuke; to reprove.
- (transitive, dated) To beat or thrash.
Derived terms
- betrim
Translations
Noun
trim (countable and uncountable, plural trims)
- (uncountable) Decoration; especially, decoration placed along edges or borders.
- (countable) A haircut, especially a moderate one to touch up an existing style.
- Dress; gear; ornaments.
- (countable) The manner in which something is equipped or adorned; order; disposition.
- 1614, George Chapman, Andromeda Liberata
- The measure and whole trim of comeliness
- 1614, George Chapman, Andromeda Liberata
- (uncountable, aviation, of an aircraft) The state of adjustment of control surfaces such that the desired attitude can be maintained without requiring the continuous application of force to the cockpit controls.
- (uncountable, aviation, by extension) The mechanism(s) used to trim an aircraft in roll, pitch, and/or yaw.
- (uncountable, slang, mildly vulgar) Sexual intercourse.
- 1969, Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, New York: Bantam, 1971, Chapter 35, pp. 239-240,[3]
- “Take me somewhere.”
- His response lacked dignity, but in fairness to him I admit that I had left him little chance to be suave.
- He asked, “You mean, you’re going to give me some trim?”
- 1969, Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, New York: Bantam, 1971, Chapter 35, pp. 239-240,[3]
- (nautical) The fore-and-aft angle of the vessel to the water, with reference to the cargo and ballast; the manner in which a vessel floats on the water, whether on an even keel or down by the head or stern.
- (nautical) The arrangement of the sails with reference to the wind.
Translations
Adjective
trim (comparative trimmer, superlative trimmest)
- Physically fit.
- Slender, lean.
- Neat or smart in appearance.
- 1599, William Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing, Act 4 Scene 1
- […] manhood is melted into curtsies, valour into compliment, and men are only turned into tongue, and trim ones too: he is now as valiant as Hercules that only tells a lie and swears it.
- “A tight little craft,” was Austin’s invariable comment on the matron; and she looked it, always trim and trig and smooth of surface like a converted yacht cleared for action. ¶ Near her wandered her husband, orientally bland, invariably affable, […].
- 1599, William Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing, Act 4 Scene 1
Translations
Adverb
trim (not comparable)
- (nautical) In good order; properly managed or maintained.
- (nautical) With sails well trimmed.
Anagrams
- MIRT, RMIT
Albanian
Alternative forms
- (Gheg) trajm [t?ajm]
Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *trim-, from Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“soft, weak, young”). Cognate with Sanskrit ???? (táru?a, “young”) and Armenian ???? (t?arm, “young, fresh”). Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *trem(s)- (“to thump; to tremble”). Compare Latin trem? (“tremble”), Lithuanian trìmti (“shake, tremble”), Tocharian A tröm (“in rage, fury”) and Tocharian B tremi (“rage, fury”).
Noun
trim m (indefinite plural trima, definite singular trimi, definite plural trimat)
- man, manful
- hero
- courageous
- valiant, valorous
- brave, hardy
References
Dutch
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -?m
Verb
trim
- first-person singular present indicative of trimmen
- imperative of trimmen
Latvian
Numeral
trim
- dative plural masculine form of tr?s
- instrumental plural masculine form of tr?s
- dative plural feminine form of tr?s
- instrumental plural feminine form of tr?s
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abbreviate
English
Etymology 1
Either from Middle English abbreviaten, from Latin abbrevi?tus, perfect passive participle of abbrevi? (“to shorten”), formed from ad + brevi? (“shorten”), from brevis (“short”) or back-formation from abbreviation. Doublet of abridge.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?.?b?i?.vi.e?t/
- (General American) IPA(key): /??b?i.vi.e?t/
Verb
abbreviate (third-person singular simple present abbreviates, present participle abbreviating, simple past and past participle abbreviated)
- (obsolete, transitive) To shorten by omitting parts or details. [Attested from around (1350 to 1470) until the late 17th century.]
- (obsolete, intransitive) To speak or write in a brief manner. [Attested from the late 16th century until the early 17th century.]
- (transitive) To make shorter; to shorten (in time); to abridge; to shorten by ending sooner than planned. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]
- (transitive) To reduce a word or phrase by means of contraction or omission to a shorter recognizable form. [First attested in the late 16th century.]
- (transitive, mathematics) To reduce to lower terms, as a fraction.
Synonyms
- abridge
- compress
- condense
- contract
- curtail
- epitomize
- reduce
- shorten
Antonyms
- amplify
- dilate
- elongate
- enlarge
- expand
- expatiate
- extend
- lengthen
- produce
- prolong
- stretch
Related terms
- abbreviation
- abbreviator
Translations
Etymology 2
- From Late Latin abbrevi?tus, perfect passive participle of abbrevi? (“abbreviate”).
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /??b?i.vi.?t/, /??b?i.vi.e?t/
Adjective
abbreviate (comparative more abbreviate, superlative most abbreviate)
- (obsolete) Abbreviated; abridged; shortened. [Attested from around (1350 to 1470) until the late 17th century]
- (biology) Having one part relatively shorter than another or than the ordinary type. [First attested in the mid 19th century.]
Translations
Pronunciation
- (US) IPA(key): /??b?i.vi.e?t/
Noun
abbreviate (plural abbreviates)
- (obsolete) An abridgment. [Mid 16th century.]
Translations
References
Interlingua
Adjective
abbreviate (comparative plus abbreviate, superlative le plus abbreviate)
- Being abbreviated.
Italian
Verb
abbreviate
- second-person plural present of abbreviare
- second-person plural imperative of abbreviare
Anagrams
- abbeverati
Latin
Verb
abbrevi?te
- second-person plural present active imperative of abbrevi?
Scots
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??bri?v??t/
Noun
abbreviate (plural abbreviates)
- (law) an abstract, an abridgement
Usage notes
- Used in adjudication and sequestration.
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