different between travail vs wretchedness
travail
English
Alternative forms
- travel, travell (obsolete)
Pronunciation
- enPR: tr?-v?l?, tr?v??l', IPA(key): /t???ve?l/, /?t?æv?e?l/
- Rhymes: -e?l
Etymology 1
From Middle English travail, from Old French travail (“suffering, torment”), from Vulgar Latin *tripali? (“to torture; suffer, toil”) from Late Latin trep?lium (“an instrument of torture”) from Latin trip?lis (“held up by three stakes”) from Proto-Italic *tr?s + *p?kslos from Proto-Indo-European *peh??-.
Noun
travail (plural travails or travaux)
- (literary) Arduous or painful exertion; excessive labor, suffering, hardship. [from 13th c.]
- 1597, Richard Hooker, Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, Book V, §21:
- But as every thing of price, so this doth require travail.
- 1936, Djuna Barnes, Nightwood, Faber & Faber 2007, p. 38:
- He had thought of making a destiny for himself, through laborious and untiring travail.
- 1597, Richard Hooker, Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, Book V, §21:
- Specifically, the labor of childbirth. [from 13th c.]
- 1607–08, William Shakespeare (?), Pericles, Prince of Tyre, Act III, Chorus:
- The lady shrieks and, well-a-near,
- Does fall in travail with her fear.
- 1611, King James Version, Genesis 38:27–28:
- And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb. And it came to pass, when she travailed, that the one put out his hand: and the midwife took and bound upon his hand a scarlet thread, saying, This came out first,
- 1607–08, William Shakespeare (?), Pericles, Prince of Tyre, Act III, Chorus:
- (obsolete, countable) An act of working; labor (US), labour (British). [14th-18th c.]
- (obsolete) The eclipse of a celestial object. [17th c.]
- Obsolete form of travel.
- Alternative form of travois (“a kind of sled”)
Related terms
Translations
References
- John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989) , “travail”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ?ISBN
- Douglas Harper (2001–2021) , “travail”, in Online Etymology Dictionary
Etymology 2
From Middle English travailen, from Old French travaillier, from the noun (see above).
Verb
travail (third-person singular simple present travails, present participle travailing, simple past and past participle travailed)
- To toil.
- 1552, Hugh Latimer, "Fourth Sermon on the Lord's Prayer, Preached before Lady Katherine, Duchess of Suffolk":
- [A]ll slothful persons, which will not travail for their livings, do the will of the devil.
- 1611, King James Version, Job 15:20:
- The wicked man travaileth with pain all his days, and the number of years is hidden to the oppressor.
- 1552, Hugh Latimer, "Fourth Sermon on the Lord's Prayer, Preached before Lady Katherine, Duchess of Suffolk":
- To go through the labor of childbirth.
- 1526, William Tyndale, trans. Bible, John XIV:
- A woman when she traveyleth hath sorowe, be cause her houre is come: but as sone as she is delivered off her chylde she remembreth no moare her anguysshe, for ioye that a man is borne in to the worlde.
- 1526, William Tyndale, trans. Bible, John XIV:
Translations
Further reading
- Tripalium on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
French
Etymology
From Middle French travail, from the singular form from Old French travail from Vulgar Latin *tripali? (“to torture; suffer, toil”) from Late Latin trep?lium (“an instrument of torture”) from Latin trip?lis (“held up by three stakes”). Compare Occitan trabalh, Catalan treball, English travail, Italian travaglio, Portuguese trabalho, Spanish trabajo.
The plural from Old French travauz, from travailz with l-vocalization before a consonant. The final -auz was later spelled -aux, and the sequence -au-, which once represented a diphthong, now represents an o sound.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t?a.vaj/
- Rhymes: -aj
- Homophones: travaille, travaillent, travailles
Noun
travail m (plural travaux)
- work; labor
- job
- workplace
Synonyms
- boulot, taf, turbin, job
Derived terms
Further reading
- “travail” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French travail.
Noun
travail m (plural travails)
- suffering; pain
Descendants
- French: travail
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (travail, supplement)
Old French
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *tripali? (“to torture; suffer, toil”) from Late Latin trep?lium (“an instrument of torture”) from Latin trip?lis (“held up by three stakes”). Compare Occitan trabalh, Catalan treball, Italian travaglio, Portuguese trabalho, Spanish trabajo.
Noun
travail m (oblique plural travauz or travailz, nominative singular travauz or travailz, nominative plural travail)
- suffering, torment
Descendants
- ? English: travail
- Middle French: travail
- French: travail
- Norman: travas
travail From the web:
- what travail mean in the bible
- travail meaning
- what travel means in spanish
- what's travail in french
- travail english meaning
- what travaillons means
- travail what does that mean
- travaileth what does it mean
wretchedness
English
Etymology
wretched +? -ness
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /???t??dn?s/
- Hyphenation: wretch?ed?ness
Noun
wretchedness (usually uncountable, plural wretchednesses)
- An unhappy state of mental or physical suffering.
- 1811, Jane Austen, Sense and Sensibility, chapter 3
- She saw only that he was quiet and unobtrusive, and she liked him for it. He did not disturb the wretchedness of her mind by ill-timed conversation.
- 1811, Jane Austen, Sense and Sensibility, chapter 3
- A state of prolonged misfortune, privation, or anguish.
Translations
wretchedness From the web:
- wretchedness meaning
- what do wretchedness mean
- what does wretchedness mean in the bible
- what does wretchedness
- what is wretchedness in arabic
- what does wretchedness definition
- what does wretchedness do
- what does wretchedness stand for
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