different between trauma vs lurch

English

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?t???.m?/, /?t?a?.m?/

Rhymes: -??m?, -a?m?

• (US) IPA^(key): /?t??.m?/
• (cot–caught merger) IPA^(key): /?t??.m?/
• (cot–caught merger, father-bother merger) IPA^(key): /?t??.m?/

Noun

trauma (countable and uncountable, plural traumas or traumata)

1. Any serious injury to the body, often resulting from violence or an accident.
2. An emotional wound leading to psychological injury.
3. An event that causes great distress.

Derived terms

• phonotrauma
• traumatism
• traumatise/traumatize
• trauma incidence reduction

Descendants

• ? Japanese: ????

Translations

References

• trauma at OneLook Dictionary Search
• trauma in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• trauma in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• Murata, Tamura, matura

Catalan

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma).

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /?t?aw.m?/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /?t?aw.ma/

Noun

trauma m (plural traumes)

1. trauma

Derived terms

• traumatitzar

Related terms

• traumàtic

Further reading

• “trauma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “trauma” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “trauma” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “trauma” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Czech

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound”) via German Trauma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?tra??ma/

Noun

trauma n

1. trauma

Declension

Related terms

• traumatický
• traumatizovat
• traumatologie

References

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed internationalism, ultimately from Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?tr?u?.ma?/
• Hyphenation: trau?ma

Noun

trauma n (plural trauma's or traumata, diminutive traumaatje n)

1. trauma

Derived terms

• hoofdtrauma
• traumatisch
• traumatiseren
• traumatalogie

Descendants

• ? Indonesian: trauma

Finnish

Etymology

< Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound”).

Noun

trauma

1. trauma

Declension

Anagrams

• maarut, murtaa

French

Etymology

From the Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?o.ma/

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. (medicine) trauma (a localised injury produced by an external action)
2. (psychology and psychoanalysis, elliptical use for trauma psychique) psychic trauma

Synonyms

• (psychic trauma): traumatisme psychique

Derived terms

• trauma acoustique
• trauma auditif
• trauma parodontal
• trauma psychique
• trauma sonore

References

• “trauma” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Galician

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. an emotional wound
2. (medicine) trauma; serious physical injury

Related terms

• traumático
• traumatismo
• traumatizar

Interlingua

Noun

trauma (plural traumas)

1. trauma

Related terms

• traumatic

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch trauma, from Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?trau?ma]
• Hyphenation: trau?ma

Noun

trauma (first-person possessive traumaku, second-person possessive traumamu, third-person possessive traumanya)

1. trauma:
   1. an event that causes great distress.
   2. (psychology, psychiatry) an emotional wound leading to psychological injury.
   3. (surgery) any serious injury to the body, often resulting from violence or an accident.

      Synonym: rudapaksa

Related terms

Further reading

• “trauma” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Italian

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Noun

trauma m (plural traumi)

1. trauma

Anagrams

• matura, murata

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?træ??.m?/ (example of pronunciation)

Noun

trauma n (definite singular traumaet, indefinite plural trauma, definite plural traumaa)

1. alternative form of traume

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²træ??.m?/ (example of pronunciation)

Noun

trauma n

1. definite plural of traume

Polish

Etymology

From English trauma, from Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?traw.ma/

Noun

trauma f

1. (medicine) trauma (serious injury to the body)

   Synonym: uraz

2. (psychology) trauma (emotional wound)

Declension

Related terms

• (verb) traumatyzowa?
• (nouns) traumatyk, traumatyzm, traumatyzacja, traumatolog, traumatologia
• (adjectives) traumatyczny, traumatologiczny

Further reading

• trauma in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• trauma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -awma

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. trauma (emotional wound)
2. trauma (event that causes great distress)
3. (medicine) trauma (serious injury to the body)

   Synonym: traumatismo

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tr?uma/
• Hyphenation: tra?u?ma

Noun

tràuma f (Cyrillic spelling ???????)

1. trauma

Declension

Spanish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?t?auma/, [?t??au?.ma]
• Hyphenation: trau?ma

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. (medicine, psychology) trauma
2. injury; harm

Derived terms

• antitrauma
• traumatizar
• traumático
• traumatizante
• traumado

Anagrams

• mutara
• mutará

English

Pronunciation

• (US) enPR: lûrch, IPA^(key): /l?t??/
• Rhymes: -??(r)t?

Etymology 1

Originally a nautical term, possibly from French lacher (“to let go”).

Noun

lurch (plural lurches)

1. A sudden or unsteady movement.

   the lurch of a ship, or of a drunkard

   • 1898, J. Meade Falkner, Moonfleet Chapter 4

     Yet I hoped by grouting at the earth below it to be able to dislodge the stone at the side; but while I was considering how best to begin, the candle flickered, the wick gave a sudden lurch to one side, and I was left in darkness.

Translations

Verb

lurch (third-person singular simple present lurches, present participle lurching, simple past and past participle lurched)

1. To make such a sudden, unsteady movement.

Translations

See also

• leave someone in the lurch
• Lurch in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

Etymology 2

From Latin lurc?re.

Verb

lurch (third-person singular simple present lurches, present participle lurching, simple past and past participle lurched)

1. (obsolete) To swallow or eat greedily; to devour; hence, to swallow up.
   • 1625, Francis Bacon, Of Building

     Too far off from great cities, which may hinder business; too near them, which lurcheth all provisions, and maketh everything dear.

Etymology 3

From French lourche (“deceived, embarrassed; also the name of a game”), from Proto-West Germanic *lort (“left; left-handed; crooked; bent; warped; underhanded; deceitful; limping”). Cognate to English lirt.

Noun

lurch (countable and uncountable, plural lurches)

1. An old game played with dice and counters; a variety of the game of tables.
2. A double score in cribbage for the winner when his/her adversary has not yet pegged their 31st hole.
   • August 14, 1784, Horace Walpole, letter to the Hon. H. S. Conway

     Lady Blandford has cried her eyes out on losing a lurch.

Verb

lurch (third-person singular simple present lurches, present participle lurching, simple past and past participle lurched)

1. (obsolete, transitive) To leave someone in the lurch; to cheat.

   • Never deceive or lurch the sincere communicant.

2. (obsolete, intransitive) To rob.
3. (obsolete, intransitive) To evade by stooping; to lurk.
4. (transitive) To defeat in the game of cribbage with a lurch (double score as explained under noun entry).

References

• Douglas Harper (2001–2021) , “lurch”, in Online Etymology Dictionary

Anagrams

• churl