different between transference vs holding

English

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /t?æns?f???ns/, /?t?ænsf???ns/
• (UK) IPA^(key): /?t?ansf(?)?(?)ns/, /?t???nsf(?)?(?)ns/, /?t?anzf(?)?(?)ns/, /?t???nzf(?)?(?)ns/

Noun

transference (countable and uncountable, plural transferences)

1. The act of conveying from one place to another; the act of transferring or the fact of being transferred.
2. (psychology) The process by which emotions and desires, originally associated with one person, such as a parent, are unconsciously shifted to another.

   • Furthermore, although probably few analysts still believe
     that transference occurs only in the context of the psycho-
     analytic situation, many hold that this phenomenon pertains
     only to object relationships. I submit, however, that the char-
     acteristic features of transference can be observed in other
     situations as well, especially in the area of learned skills.⁶
     Thus, speaking a language with a foreign accent is one of the
     most striking everyday examples of transference. In the tradi-
     tional concept of transference, one person (the analysand)
     behaves toward another (the analyst) as if the latter were
     someone else, previously familiar to him; and the subject is
     usually unaware of the actual manifestations of his own trans-
     ferred behavior. In exactly the same way, persons who speak
     English (or any other language) with a foreign accent treat
     English as if it were their mother tongue; and they are usually
     unaware of the actual manifestations of their transferred be-
     havior. Such persons think of themselves as speaking unac-
     cented English: they cannot hear their own distortions of the
     language when they speak. Only when their accent is pointed
     out to them, or, better, only when they hear their recorded
     voices played back to them, do they recognize their linguistic
     transferences. These are striking parallels not only between
     the stereotyped behavioral acts due to previous habit, but also
     between the necessity for auxiliary channels of information
     outside the person's own self for recognizing the effects of
     these habits. This view of transference rests on empirical
     observations concerning the basic human tendency to general-
     ize experiences.^?

Derived terms

• counter-transference

Related terms

• transfer
• transferal

Translations

See also

• projection
• Wikipedia article on transference in psychology

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: h?ld?-?ng, IPA^(key): /?ho?ld??/
  • (General Australian) IPA^(key): [?h???d??]
  • (UK) IPA^(key): [?h???d??]
  • (US) IPA^(key): [?ho??d??]
• Rhymes: -??ld??
• Hyphenation: hold?ing

Noun

holding (plural holdings)

1. Something that one owns, especially stocks and bonds.
   • 1980, Joseph D. Dwyer, Russia, the Soviet Union, and Eastern Europe (page 9)

     Although this survey lists only a small number of representative materials in the Hoover Library's Baltic Collection, a comprehensive view of the library's holdings can be gained from the Hoover Institution's card catalog or its printed equivalent

   • 2009, The Economist, Law and order in Italy: Trouble with figures

     Italy's right-wing prime minister was about to cure his biggest headache by selling the state's holding in a troubled airline, Alitalia.

   • 2014, D. K. Acharya, Standard Methods of Contract Bridge Complete (page 378)

     The defender at third position is supposed to keep the partner informed of his holdings in that suit.

2. A determination of law made by a court.
3. A tenure; a farm or other estate held of another.
   • 1596, William Shakespeare, The Life and Death of King John, V. i. 3:

     Take again / From this my hand, as holding of the Pope / Your sovereign greatness and authority.

4. (obsolete) That which holds, binds, or influences.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Burke to this entry?)

5. (obsolete) Logic; consistency.
   • 1598, William Shakespeare, All's Well That Ends Well, IV. ii. 27:

     This has no holding, / To swear by him whom I protest to love / That I will work against him.

6. (obsolete) The burden or chorus of a song.
   • 1598, William Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Antony and Cleopatra, II. vii. 109:

     Make battery to our ears with the loud music; / The while I'll place you; then the boy shall sing. / The holding every man shall beat as loud / As his strong sides can volley.

7. (in texts about Russia, nonstandard) A holding company, or other kind of company (by back-translation from Russian ??????? (xolding)).

Coordinate terms

• (determination): finding

Translations

Descendants

• ? Polish: holding

Verb

holding

1. present participle of hold

Derived terms

Anagrams

• hodling

French

Noun

holding m or f (plural holdings)

1. holding company

Polish

Etymology

From English holding.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?x?l.dink/

Noun

holding m inan

1. (business) holding company

Declension

Derived terms

• (adjective) holdingowy

Further reading

• holding in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• holding in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Spanish

Noun

holding m (plural holdings)

1. holding company