different between train vs rear

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English trayne (“train”), from Old French train (“a delay, a drawing out”), from traïner (“to pull out, to draw”), from Vulgar Latin *tragin?, from *trag?, from Latin trah? (“to pull, to draw”). The verb was derived from the noun in Middle English.

Pronunciation

• enPR: tr?n, IPA^(key): /t?e?n/
• Rhymes: -e?n
• Hyphenation: train

Noun

train (plural trains)

1. Elongated portion.
   1. The elongated back portion of a dress or skirt (or an ornamental piece of material added to similar effect), which drags along the ground. [from 14th c.]
      • 1817, Jane Austen, Northanger Abbey:

        They called each other by their Christian name, were always arm in arm when they walked, pinned up each other's train for the dance, and were not to be divided in the set [...].

      • 2011, Imogen Fox, The Guardian, 20 Apr 2011:

        Lace sleeves, a demure neckline, a full skirt and a relatively modest train.

   2. A trail or line of something, especially gunpowder. [from 15th c.]
      • 1785, Thomas Jefferson, Letter to Richard Price:

        [E]mancipation is put into such a train that in a few years there will be no slaves Northward of Maryland.

      • 1873, Charlotte Mary Yonge, Aunt Charlotte's Stories of English History for the little ones:

        A party was sent to search, and there they found all the powder ready prepared, and, moreover, a man with a lantern, one Guy Fawkes, who had undertaken to be the one to set fire to the train of gunpowder, hoping to escape before the explosion.

   3. The tail of a bird.
   4. (astronomy) A transient trail of glowing ions behind a large meteor as it falls through the atmosphere.
   5. (now rare) An animal's trail or track. [from 16th c.]
2. Connected sequence of people or things.
   1. A group of people following an important figure, king etc.; a retinue, a group of retainers. [from 14th c.]
      • 1610, The Tempest, by Shakespeare, act 5 scene 1

        Sir, I invite your Highness and your train / To my poor cell, where you shall take your rest /For this one night

      • 2009, Anne Easter Smith, The King's Grace:

        Grace was glad the citizenry did not know Katherine Gordon was in the king's train, but she was beginning to understand Henry's motive for including the pretender's wife.

   2. A group of animals, vehicles, or people that follow one another in a line, such as a wagon train; a caravan or procession. [from 15th c.]

   3. A sequence of events or ideas which are interconnected; a course or procedure of something. [from 15th c.]
      • 1872, Charles Darwin, The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals:

        A man may be absorbed in the deepest thought, and his brow will remain smooth until he encounters some obstacle in his train of reasoning, or is interrupted by some disturbance, and then a frown passes like a shadow over his brow.

      • 2012, Rory Carroll, The Guardian, 18 Jun 2012:

        "Where was I?" he asked several times during the lunch, losing his train of thought.

   4. (military) The men and vehicles following an army, which carry artillery and other equipment for battle or siege. [from 16th c.]
   5. (obsolete) State of progress, status, situation (in phrases introduced by in a + adjective). [18th-19th c.]
      • 1748, Samuel Richardson, Clarissa, London, Volume 4, Letter 26, p. 139,^[1]

        As we had been in a good train for several days past, I thought it not prudent to break with him, for little matters.

      • 1779, Samuel Jackson Pratt, Shenstone-Green: or, the New Paradise Lost, London, R. Baldwin, Volume 1, Chapter 7, p. 46,^[2]

        I took care that my absence should neither be lamented by the poor nor the rich. I put every thing in a fair train of going on smoothly, and actually set out, with my steward, for my estate in Wales at dawning of the day.

      • 1787, George Washington, letter to Alexander Hamilton dated 10 July, 1787, in The Writings of George Washington, Boston: American Stationers’ Company, 1837, Volume 9, p. 260,^[3]

        When I refer you to the state of the counsels, which prevailed at the period you left this city, and add that they are now if possible in a worse train than ever, you will find but little ground on which the hope of a good establishment can be formed.

      • 1814, Jane Austen, Mansfield Park, London: T. Egerton, Volume 3, Chapter 6, p. 121,^[4]

        […] every thing was now in a fairer train for Miss Crawford’s marrying Edmund than it had ever been before.

   6. A set of interconnected mechanical parts which operate each other in sequence. [from 18th c.]
   7. A series of electrical pulses. [from 19th c.]
   8. A series of specified vehicles, originally tramcars in a mine, and later especially railway carriages, coupled together. [from 19th c.]
   9. A line of connected railway cars or carriages considered overall as a mode of transport; (as uncountable noun) rail travel. [from 19th c.]
      • 2009, Hanif Kureishi, The Guardian, 24 Jan 2009:

        This winter we thought we'd go to Venice by train, for the adventure.
   10. A long, heavy sleigh used in Canada for the transportation of merchandise, wood, etc.
   11. (computing) A software release schedule.
       • 2008, Michael Bushong, Cathy Gadecki, Aviva Garrett, JUNOS For Dummies (page 16)

         What steps do development engineers follow when adding new feature code? How do they support different software versions or release trains?

   12. (sex, slang) An act wherein series of men line up and then penetrate a person, especially as a form of gang rape. [from 20th c.]
       • 1988, X Motion Picture and Center for New Art Activities (New York, N.Y.), Bomb: Issues 26-29, link

         Then Swooney agreed, "Yeah, let's run a train up the fat cunt."

       • 2005, Violet Blue, Best Women's Erotica 2006: Volume 2001, link

         “You want us to run a train on you?”

       • 2010, Diesel King, A Good Time in the Hood, page 12

         We eventually began to decide that with the endless supply of men we had there was no need to only run trains, or gangbang, the insatiables.

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Irish: traein
• ? Welsh: trên

Translations

Verb

train (third-person singular simple present trains, present participle training, simple past and past participle trained)

1. (intransitive) To practice an ability.

2. (transitive) To teach and form (someone) by practice; to educate (someone).
3. (intransitive) To improve one's fitness.

4. To proceed in sequence.
5. (transitive) To move (a gun) laterally so that it points in a different direction.

6. (transitive, horticulture) To encourage (a plant or branch) to grow in a particular direction or shape, usually by pruning and bending.
   • 1805, Francis Jeffrey, article in The Edinburgh Review

     He trains the young branches to the right hand or to the left.

7. (mining) To trace (a lode or any mineral appearance) to its head.
8. (transitive, video games) To create a trainer for; to apply cheats to (a game).
   • 2000, "Sensei David O.E. Mohr - Lord Ronin from Q-Link", WTB:"The Last V-8" C128 game -name correction (on newsgroup comp.sys.cbm)

     I got a twix on the 128 version being fixed and trained by Mad Max at M2K BBS 208-587-7636 in Mountain Home Idaho. He fixes many games and puts them on his board. One of my sources for games and utils.

9. (obsolete) To draw along; to trail; to drag.
10. (obsolete) To draw by persuasion, artifice, or the like; to attract by stratagem; to entice; to allure.
    • c. 1626, John Ford 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

      This feast, I'll gage my life, / Is but a plot to train you to your ruin.

    • 1825, Sir Walter Scott, The Talisman

      Thou hast been trained from thy post by some deep guile — some well-devised stratagem — the cry of some distressed maiden has caught thine ear, or the laughful look of some merry one has taken thine eye.

Derived terms

See also

• exercise
• work out

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English trayne (“treachery”), from Anglo-Norman traine, Middle French traïne, from traïr (“to betray”).

Noun

train (plural trains)

1. (obsolete) Treachery; deceit. [14th-19th c.]
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.3:

     In the meane time, through that false Ladies traine / He was surprisd, and buried under beare, / Ne ever to his worke returnd againe [...].

2. (obsolete) A trick or stratagem. [14th-19th c.]
3. (obsolete) A trap for animals; a snare. [14th-18th c.]
4. (obsolete) A lure; a decoy. [15th-18th c.]

Further reading

• Train on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Artin, Tarin, Tiran, Trina, atrin, intra-, riant, tairn, tarin

Dutch

Pronunciation

Verb

train

1. first-person singular present indicative of trainen
2. imperative of trainen

Anagrams

• tiran

French

Etymology

From Middle French train, from Old French train, from the verb trahiner (“to pull, drag”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t???/

Noun

train m (plural trains)

1. train (rail mounted vehicle)
2. pace
3. (Louisiana) noise

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Spanish: tren
  • ? Moroccan Arabic: ????? (tr?n)
  • ? Tagalog: tren
  • ? Tetelcingo Nahuatl: treni?
  • ? Yaqui: tréen
• ? Sicilian: trenu

Further reading

• “train” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• riant

Norman

Etymology

From Old French train (“a delay, a drawing out”), from trainer (“to pull out, to draw”), from Vulgar Latin *tragin?re, from *tragere, from Latin trah?, trahere (“pull, draw”, verb).

Pronunciation

Noun

train m (plural trains)

1. (Jersey) train

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /???/, /?i?/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /???/
• Rhymes: -??(?)

Etymology 1

From Middle English reren (“to raise”), from Old English r?ran (“to raise, set upright, promote, exalt, begin, create, give rise to, excite, rouse, arouse, stir up”), from Proto-Germanic *raizijan?, *raisijan? (“to cause to rise, raise”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?rey- (“to lift oneself, rise”).

Cognate with Scots rere (“to construct, build, rear”), Icelandic reisa (“to raise”), Gothic ???????????????????????????? (raisjan, “to cause to rise, lift up, establish”), German reisen (“to travel”, literally “to rear up and depart”); and a doublet of raise. More at rise.

Related to rise and raise, which is used for several of its now archaic or obsolete senses and for some of its senses that are currently more common in other dialects of English.

Alternative forms

• reer, rere, rare (all obsolete)

Verb

rear (third-person singular simple present rears, present participle rearing, simple past and past participle reared)

1. (transitive) To bring up to maturity, as offspring; to educate; to instruct; to foster.
   • 1694, Thomas Southerne, Isabella: Or The Fatal Marriage

     He wants a father to protect his youth, and rear him up to virtue.

2. (transitive, said of people towards animals) To breed and raise.

3. (intransitive) To rise up on the hind legs

4. (intransitive, usually with "up") To get angry.
5. (intransitive) To rise high above, tower above.
6. (transitive, literary) To raise physically or metaphorically; to lift up; to cause to rise, to elevate.

   Poverty reared its ugly head. (appeared, started, began to have an effect)

   The monster slowly reared its head.

   • 1835, Lord Lytton, Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes

     Mine [shall be] the first hand to rear her banner.

7. (transitive, rare) To construct by building; to set up

   to rear defenses or houses

   to rear one government on the ruins of another.

   • One reared a font of stone.

8. (transitive, rare) To raise spiritually; to lift up; to elevate morally.
   • 1700, Isaac Barrow, Of Industry...

     It reareth our hearts from vain thoughts.

9. (transitive, obsolete) To lift and take up.
10. (transitive, obsolete) To rouse; to strip up.
    • 1684, John Dryden, The Second Epode of Horace

      And seeks the tusky boar to rear.

Usage notes

• It is standard US English to raise children, and this usage has become common in all kinds of English since the 1700s. Until fairly recently, however, US teachers taught the traditional rule that one should raise crops and animals, but rear children, despite the fact that this contradicted general usage. It is therefore not surprising that some people still prefer to rear children and that this is considered correct but formal in US English. It is widespread in UK English and not considered formal.

• It is generally considered incorrect to rear crops or (adult) animals in US English, but this expression is common in UK English.

Synonyms

• (rise up on the hind legs): prance

Derived terms

• raring
• childrearing

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English reren, from Old English hr?ran (“to move, shake, agitate”), from Proto-Germanic *hr?zijan? (“to stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *?roHs- (“to mix, stir, cook”). Cognate with Dutch roeren (“to stir, shake, whip”), German rühren (“to stir, beat, move”), Swedish röra (“to touch, move, stir”), Icelandic hræra (“to stir”).

Alternative forms

• reer, rere (all obsolete)

Verb

rear (third-person singular simple present rears, present participle rearing, simple past and past participle reared)

1. (transitive) To move; stir.
2. (transitive, of geese) To carve.

   Rere that goose!

3. (regional, obsolete) To revive, bring to life, quicken. (only in the phrase, to rear to life)

   (Speculum Sacerdotale c. 15th century)

Usage notes

• In the sense "bring to life", the more common variant of to rear to life is to raise to life. “I pray you, Declan, servant of God, that in the name of Christ you would raise to life for me the seven hostages whom I held in bondage from the chieftains of Munster." (Life of Saint Declan of Ardmore By Saint Declan of Ardmore, Aeterna Press, 2015.)

Related terms

• reremouse
• uproar

References

• The Middle English Dictionary

Etymology 3

From Middle English rere, from Old English hr?r, hr?re (“not thoroughly cooked, underdone, lightly boiled”), from hr?ran (“to move, shake, agitate”), from Proto-Germanic *hr?zijan? (“to stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *?roHs- (“to mix, stir, cook”). Related to Old English hr?r (“stirring, busy, active, strong, brave”), Dutch roeren (“to stir, shake, whip”), German rühren (“to stir, beat, move”), Swedish röra (“to touch, move, stir”), Icelandic hræra (“to stir”).

Alternative forms

• reer, rere
• rare (US)

Adjective

rear (comparative rearer or more rear, superlative rearest or most rear)

1. (now chiefly dialectal) (of eggs) Underdone; nearly raw.
2. (chiefly US) (of meats) Rare.
   • 2017, Dr. Ardeshir Irani, Short Tales of the Old Wild West

     Fred ordered a rear steak along with a glass of beer as he took a seat at an empty table

Derived terms

• rear-boiled
• rear-roasted

Etymology 4

From Middle English rere, from Anglo-Norman rere, ultimately from Latin retro. Compare arrear. Doublet of retro.

Adjective

rear (not comparable)

1. Being behind, or in the hindmost part; hindmost

Antonyms

• front

Translations

Adverb

rear (comparative more rear, superlative most rear)

1. (Britain, dialect) early; soon
   • 1714, John Gay, The Shepherd's Week

     Then why does Cuddy leave his cot so rear!

Noun

rear (plural rears)

1. The back or hindmost part; that which is behind, or last on order; - opposed to front.
2. (military) Specifically, the part of an army or fleet which comes last, or is stationed behind the rest.
3. (anatomy) The buttocks, a creature's bottom

Synonyms

• (buttocks): rear end

Translations

Verb

rear (third-person singular simple present rears, present participle rearing, simple past and past participle reared)

1. To place in the rear; to secure the rear of.
2. (transitive, vulgar, Britain) To sodomize (perform anal sex)

Derived terms

Anagrams

• arré, rare

Latin

Verb

rear

1. first-person singular present active subjunctive of reor

Swedish

Verb

rear

1. present tense of rea.

Anagrams

• rare