different between toxic vs sinigrin

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French toxique, from Late Latin toxicus (“poisoned”), from Latin toxicum (“poison”), from Ancient Greek ??????? (toxikón) [???????? (phármakon)] ("poison for use on arrows"), from ??????? (toxikós, “pertaining to arrows or archery”), from ????? (tóxon, “bow”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?t?k.s?k/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?t?k.s?k/
• Rhymes: -?ks?k

Adjective

toxic (comparative more toxic, superlative most toxic)

1. (toxicology, pharmacology) Having a chemical nature that is harmful to health or lethal if consumed or otherwise entering into the body in sufficient quantities.

   Synonyms: poisonous, venomous
2. (medicine) Appearing grossly unwell; characterised by serious, potentially life-threatening compromise in the respiratory, circulatory or other body systems.

3. (figuratively) Severely negative or harmful.

4. (figuratively, of a person) Hateful or strongly antipathetic.

Related terms

• cytotoxic (adjective)
• toxicity (noun)
• toxic shock
• toxin (noun)
• intoxicate

Translations

Further reading

• toxic in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• Douglas Harper (2001–2021) , “toxic”, in Online Etymology Dictionary

Interlingua

Adjective

toxic (comparative plus toxic, superlative le plus toxic)

1. toxic (chemically noxious to health)

Related terms

• toxicitate

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French toxique, Latin toxicus, from Ancient Greek ??????? (toxikón). See also toapsec.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?tok.sik/, /tok?sik/

Adjective

toxic m or n (feminine singular toxic?, masculine plural toxici, feminine and neuter plural toxice)

1. toxic

Declension

Synonyms

• otr?vicios
• otr?vitor

Related terms

• intoxica
• toapsec

English

Etymology

From the species name Sinapis nigra +? -in.

Noun

sinigrin (uncountable)

1. (organic chemistry, biochemistry) A glycosinolate glycoside found in many brassicas and related plants which is toxic in large quantities and responsible for the pungent bite of horseradish and hot mustard.
   • 1993, J. B. Harborne, Introduction to Ecological Biochemistry, 4th Edition, page 139,

     When these larvae are transferred to an artificial diet lacking sinigrin, they refuse to eat and, in fact prefer to die rather than accept food lacking what has become an essential attractant.

   • 2012, John Feltwell, Large White Butterfly: the biology, biochemistry and physiology of Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus), page 129,

     He also found that pea leaf powder treated with sinigrin gave no significantly different feeding response when compared with the effect of introducing normal leaf powder into the diet.

   • 2013, III.15: Adaptation to the Biotic Environment, David A. Baum, Douglas J. Futuyma, Hopi E. Hoekstra, Richard E. Lenski, Allen J. Moore, Cahterine L. Peichel, Dolph Schluter, Michael C. Whitlock (editors), The Princeton Guide to Evolution, page 302,

     In black mustard plants, individuals producing higher levels of the phytochemical sinigrin, a compound that reduces fungal densities in the soil, are good competitors against other species that rely on soil fungi for nutrient acquisition.

Related terms

• sinalbin