different between top vs seal

English

Etymology

From Middle English top, toppe, from Old English top (“top, highest part; summit; crest; tassel, tuft; (spinning) top, ball; a tuft or ball at the highest point of anything”), from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz (“braid, pigtail, end”), of unknown origin.

Cognate with Scots tap (“top”), North Frisian top, tap, tup (“top”), Saterland Frisian Top (“top”), West Frisian top (“top”), Dutch top (“top, summit, peak”), Low German Topp (“top”), German Zopf (“braid, pigtail, plait, top”), Swedish topp (“top, peak, summit, tip”), Icelandic toppur (“top”).

The sense of a spinning toy is separated from this, obscurely related to Dutch top and dop in this sense, against Standard Dutch tol, and French toupie having this sense.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /t?p/, [t???p]
• (General American) IPA^(key): /t?p/, [t???p]
• Rhymes: -?p

Noun

top (countable and uncountable, plural tops)

1. The highest or uppermost part of something.

   Synonyms: peak, summit, overside

   Antonyms: bottom, base, underside

   1. (irrespective of present orientation) the part of something that is usually the top.

   2. The uppermost part of a page, picture, viewing screen, etc.

      Synonym: (of a page) head

      Antonym: (of a page) foot

   3. A lid, cap or cover of a container.

      Synonyms: cap, coverlid

   4. A garment worn to cover the torso.

      Antonym: bottom

   5. A framework at the top of a ship's mast to which rigging is attached.
   6. (baseball) The first half of an inning, during which the home team fields and the visiting team bats.
   7. (archaic) The crown of the head, or the hair upon it; the head.
2. A child’s spinning toy; a spinning top.

3. (heading) Someone who is eminent.
   1. (archaic) The chief person; the most prominent one.
   2. The highest rank; the most honourable position; the utmost attainable place.
4. (BDSM) A dominant partner in a BDSM relationship or roleplay.

   Synonyms: (usually male) dom, (female) domme

   Antonyms: bottom, sub

5. (gay slang) A man penetrating or with a preference for penetrating during homosexual intercourse.

6. (slang, African-American Vernacular, MLE) Oral stimulation to the male member, a blowjob.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:oral sex
7. (particle physics) A top quark.

   Hypernym: flavor

8. The utmost degree; the acme; the summit.
   • June 18 1714, Alexander Pope, letter to Jonathan Swift

     The top of my own ambition is to contribute to that work.

9. (ropemaking) A plug, or conical block of wood, with longitudinal grooves on its surface, in which the strands of the rope slide in the process of twisting.
10. (sound) Highest pitch or loudest volume.
11. (wool manufacture) A bundle or ball of slivers of combed wool, from which the noils, or dust, have been taken out.
12. (obsolete, except in one sense of phrase on top of) Eve; verge; point.

    • Hee was upon the top of his marriage with Magdalaine.

13. The part of a cut gem between the girdle, or circumference, and the table, or flat upper surface.

    (Can we find and add a quotation of Knight to this entry?)

14. (in the plural, slang, dated) Topboots.
15. (golf) A stroke on the top of the ball.
16. (golf) A forward spin given to the ball by hitting it on or near the top.
17. (in restaurants, preceded by a number) (A table at which there is, or which has enough seats for) a group of a specified number of people eating at a restaurant.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

top (third-person singular simple present tops, present participle topping, simple past and past participle topped)

1. To cover on the top or with a top.

2. To excel, to surpass, to beat.

   Synonyms: beat, better, best, exceed; see also Thesaurus:exceed
3. To be in the lead, to be at number one position (of).
   • 2013, Phil McNulty, "[9]", BBC Sport, 26 December 2013:

     Liverpool topped the table on Christmas Day and, after Arsenal's win at West Ham earlier on Boxing Day, would have returned to the top had they been the first team to beat City at home this season.

4. To cut or remove the top (as of a tree)
5. (Britain, slang, reflexive) To commit suicide.

7. (Britain, slang, rare) To murder.

   Synonyms: kill, murder, slaughter, slay; see also Thesaurus:kill

8. (BDSM) To be the dominant partner in a BDSM relationship or roleplay.

9. (gay slang, transitive, intransitive) To anally penetrate in gay sex.
10. (archaic) To rise aloft; to be eminent; to tower.
    • 1713, William Derham, Physico-Theology

      lofty and topping mountains

    • , Book II, Chapter XXI

      influenced by that topping uneasiness

11. (archaic) To excel; to rise above others.
12. (nautical) To raise one end of (a yard, etc.), making it higher than the other.
13. (dyeing) To cover with another dye.

14. To put a stiffening piece or back on (a saw blade).
15. (slang, dated) To arrange (fruit, etc.) with the best on top.
16. (of a horse) To strike the top of (an obstacle) with the hind feet while jumping, so as to gain new impetus.
17. To improve (domestic animals, especially sheep) by crossing certain individuals or breeds with other superior breeds.
18. To cut, break, or otherwise take off the top of (a steel ingot) to remove unsound metal.
19. (golf) To strike (the ball) above the centre; also, to make (a stroke, etc.) by hitting the ball in this way.

Derived terms

• (kill): top oneself
• untopped

Translations

Adjective

top (not comparable)

1. Situated on the top of something.
2. (informal) Best; of the highest quality or rank.

3. (informal) Very good, of high quality, power, or rank.

Related terms

Translations

Adverb

top (not comparable)

1. Rated first.

Synonyms

• first

See also

• topple

Anagrams

• OPT, OPt, OTP, PTO, TPO, oPt, opt, opt., pot

Albanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish ???? (top).

Noun

top m (indefinite plural tope, definite singular topi, definite plural topet)

1. ball
2. (in the plural) slang for testicles

Inflection

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Cognate with Turkish top.

Noun

top (definite accusative topu, plural toplar)

1. ball
2. cannon
3. (chess) rook

Declension

Derived terms

• topçu (“cannoneer”)

See also

Baure

Noun

top

1. fog

Crimean Tatar

Noun

top

1. ball
2. lump
3. cannon

Declension

Derived terms

• babaytop
• topla?uv
• topçu
• top qunda??

References

• Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajins?ko-kryms?kotatars?kyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]?^[11], Simferopol: Dolya, ?ISBN

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?top]

Verb

top

1. second-person singular imperative of topit

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse toppr, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz.

Noun

top c (singular definite toppen, plural indefinite toppe)

1. summit, peak
2. hairpiece
3. top (uppermost part, lid, cap, cover, garment worn to cover the torso, child’s spinning toy)

Inflection

Derived terms

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch top, topp, from Old Dutch and Frankish *topp, *top, from Proto-West Germanic *topp.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -?p

Adjective

top

1. (colloquial) great, very good

Derived terms

• (prefix): top-

Noun

top m (plural toppen, diminutive topje n)

1. top (uppermost part)
2. (figuratively) apex
3. summit, peak (high point of a mountain)
4. summit, assembly
5. top (piece of women's clothing)

Antonyms

• bodem

Derived terms

• bergtop
• vingertop
• toppunt

Verb

top

1. (denominal) first-person singular present indicative of toppen

Anagrams

• pot

French

Etymology

Borrowed from English top.

Pronunciation

Noun

top m (plural tops)

1. top; shirt or garment covering the upper body
2. a signalling sound; beep

Adjective

top (feminine singular toppe, masculine plural tops, feminine plural toppes)

1. top; best; highest in rank; maximum
2. excellent; brilliant
3. (LGBT, slang) top (dominant in role)

Synonyms

• (dominant): actif

Antonyms

• bottom

Adverb

top

1. at most; maximum

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from English top.

Noun

top m (invariable)

1. (woman's dressing, garment) top

Latvian

Verb

top

1. 3rd person singular present indicative form of tapt
2. 3rd person plural present indicative form of tapt
3. (with the particle lai) 3rd person singular imperative form of tapt
4. (with the particle lai) 3rd person plural imperative form of tapt

Middle English

Alternative forms

• toppe, topp, tope, toop

Etymology

From Old English topp, toppa, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?p/, /t??p/

Noun

top (plural toppes)

1. The summit or top of something, especially a vertical object:
   1. The peak of a mountain or other landform.
   2. The roof or ceil of a house; the top of a fence.
   3. A lid or cap; a removable top or topping.
   4. The head, especially its top or the hair on its top.
2. A small deck at the dop of a ship's sails.
3. A cluster or bunch of fibres; a tassel.
4. A top or whirligig (spinning toy)
5. The start or introduction of something.
6. (rare) The tip or end of something; that which something terminates in.

Derived terms

• toppen
• toppyng

Descendants

• English: top
  • ? French: top
  • ? German: Top
  • ? Vietnamese: t?p
• Scots: tap

References

• “top, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-08-12.
• “top, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-08-12.

Mopan Maya

Adverb

top

1. very

References

• Hofling, Charles Andrew (2011). Mopan Maya–Spanish–English Dictionary, University of Utah Press.

Northern Kurdish

Noun

top f

1. ball (object, generally spherical, used for playing games)
2. cannon

Old French

Alternative forms

• tup, tupe, tope, toup

Etymology

From Frankish *topp.

Noun

top m (oblique plural tos, nominative singular tos, nominative plural top)

1. hair on top of one's head, forelock
2. top, highest point
3. tuft of flax placed on distaff
4. top (ship)

Descendants

• ? Galician: tope
• ? Spanish: tope
• ? Portuguese: topo
• ? Old French: toupet, topet
  • ? Old Portuguese: topete
    • Galician: topete
    • Portuguese: topete
  • Middle French: toupet
    • French: toupet (see there for further descendants)
  • Norman: toupet, tupé
  • ? Middle English: topet
• ?? Old French: topoie, toupie, tourpe, tourpie
  • Middle French: toupie
    • French: toupie

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (top)
• tup on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?p/

Etymology 1

From English top, from Middle English top, toppe, from Old English top (“top, highest part; summit; crest; tassel, tuft; (spinning) top, ball; a tuft or ball at the highest point of anything”), from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz (“braid, pigtail, end”), from Proto-Indo-European *dumb- (“tail, rod, staff, penis”).

Noun

top m inan

1. (nautical) nautical top (the upper end of a mast)
2. top (garment worn to cover the torso)

Declension

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

top

1. second-person singular imperative of topi?

Further reading

• top in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from English top.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /?t?.pi/
• Homophone: tope

Adjective

top (invariable, comparable)

1. (slang) cool, awesome
2. (slang) top, excellent, high-quality

   Synonym: top de linha

Derived terms

• topzeira

Noun

top m (plural tops)

1. top (garment worn to cover the torso)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish ???? (top).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tôp/

Noun

t?p m (Cyrillic spelling ????)

1. cannon
2. (chess) rook

Declension

See also

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *t?p?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t??p/

Adjective

t?p (comparative b?lj t?p, superlative n?jbolj t?p)

1. blunt

Inflection

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish ???? (top).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t??p/

Noun

t?p m inan

1. cannon

Inflection

Further reading

• “top”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from English top.

Noun

top m (plural tops)

1. top (first positions of a ranking)
2. top (female clothing)

Adjective

top (plural tops)

1. (proscribed) top (situated on the top of something)

   Synonym: mejor

2. (proscribed) top (best; of the highest quality or rank)

   Synonym: el mejor

3. (proscribed) top (very good, of high quality)

   Synonym: muy bueno

References

• “top” in Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, primera edición, Real Academia Española, 2005.

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish ???? (top), from Proto-Turkic *top (“round thing”).

Noun

top (definite accusative topu, plural toplar)

1. ball
2. cannon
3. (slang) gay

Declension

References

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ????? (tópos, “place”).

Noun

top (nominative plural tops)

1. place

Declension

Related terms

• topäd

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: s?l, IPA^(key): /si?l/
• Rhymes: -i?l
• Homophones: SEAL, ceil

Etymology 1

From Middle English sele, from an inflectional form of Old English seolh, from Proto-West Germanic *selh, from Proto-Germanic *selhaz (compare North Frisian selich, Middle Dutch seel, z?le, Old High German selah, Danish sæl, Middle Low German sale), either from Proto-Indo-European *selk- (“to pull”) (compare dialectal English sullow (“plough”)) or from early Proto-Finnic *šülkeš (later *hülgeh, compare dialectal Finnish hylki, standard hylje, Estonian hüljes).

Noun

seal (plural seals)

1. A pinniped (Pinnipedia), particularly an earless seal (true seal) or eared seal.

2. (heraldry) A bearing representing a creature something like a walrus.

Hyponyms

• See also Thesaurus:pinniped

Derived terms

Related terms

• vent

Descendants

• ? Sotho: sili
• ? Swahili: sili

Translations

Verb

seal (third-person singular simple present seals, present participle sealing, simple past and past participle sealed)

1. (intransitive) To hunt seals.

Translations

See also

• clapmatch
• dolphin
• sea lion
• selkie
• walrus

Further reading

• Pinniped on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

From Middle English sele, from Anglo-Norman sëel, from Latin sigillum, a diminutive of signum (“sign”)

Doublet of sigil and sigillum.

Noun

seal (plural seals)

1. A stamp used to impress a design on a soft substance such as wax.
   • 1609, William Shakespeare, Sonnet 11:

     She [Nature] carved thee for her seal, and meant thereby

     Thou shouldst print more, not let that copy die.

2. An impression of such stamp on wax, paper or other material used for sealing.
3. A design or insignia usually associated with an organization or an official role.
4. Anything that secures or authenticates.
5. Something which will be visibly damaged if a covering or container is opened, and which may or may not bear an official design.

6. (figuratively) Confirmation or approval, or an indication of this.

7. Something designed to prevent liquids or gases from leaking through a joint.

8. A tight closure, secure against leakage.

9. A chakra. (Can we add an example for this sense?)

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

• ? Scottish Gaelic: seula

Translations

Verb

seal (third-person singular simple present seals, present participle sealing, simple past and past participle sealed)

1. (transitive) To place a seal on (a document).
2. To mark with a stamp, as an evidence of standard exactness, legal size, or merchantable quality.

3. (transitive) To fasten (something) so that it cannot be opened without visible damage.

4. (transitive) To prevent people or vehicles from crossing (something).

   Synonyms: block, block off, close, close off, obstruct, seal off

5. (transitive) To close securely to prevent leakage.
6. (transitive) To place in a sealed container.

   Synonym: enclose

7. (transitive, chess) To place a notation of one's next move in a sealed envelope to be opened after an adjournment.

8. (transitive) To guarantee.
9. To fix, as a piece of iron in a wall, with cement or plaster, etc.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Gwilt to this entry?)

10. To close by means of a seal.

11. (Mormonism) To confirm or set apart as a second or additional wife.

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• stamp

Further reading

• Seal (device) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 3

From Middle English *selen (suggested by Middle English sele (“harness; hame”)), perhaps from Old English s?lan (“to bind”).

Verb

seal (third-person singular simple present seals, present participle sealing, simple past and past participle sealed)

1. (dialectal) To tie up animals (especially cattle) in their stalls.

Anagrams

• ASLE, ELAS, Elsa, LAEs, LEAs, Sale, Salé, Sela, aels, ales, lase, leas, sale, sela

Estonian

Pronoun

seal

1. there

Etymology

Demonstrative pronoun from pronoun see ("this", "it"). "Seal" is an adessive form of Uralic root *sikä. Compare to Finnish siellä ("siel" in spoken language)

Noun

seal

1. adessive case of siga.

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish sel, from Proto-Celtic *swelo- (“turn”), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??al?/

Noun

seal m (genitive singular seala, nominative plural sealanna)

1. a turn (chance to use (something) shared in sequence with others)

Declension

Mutation

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “sel”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• “seal” at the Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926 of the Royal Irish Academy.
• “seal” in Foclóir Gae?ilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 625.
• "seal" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.

West Frisian

Etymology 1

From Old Frisian s?l, from Proto-West Germanic *sadul.

Noun

seal n (plural sealen, diminutive sealtsje)

1. saddle

Further reading

• “seal (II)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

Etymology 2

From Old Frisian *sele, from Proto-West Germanic *sali.

Noun

seal c or n (plural sealen, diminutive sealtsje)

1. hall

Further reading

• “seal (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011