different between tom vs kocka

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /t?m/
• (US) IPA^(key): /t?m/
• Rhymes: -?m

Etymology 1

From generic use of the proper name Tom.

Noun

tom (plural toms)

1. The male of the domesticated cat.
2. The male of the turkey.
3. The male of the orangutan.
4. The male of certain other animals.
5. (Britain, slang) A female prostitute.
6. (US, slang) A lesbian.
7. (music) Clipping of tom-tom.
8. (obsolete) The jack of trumps in the card game gleek.
9. (Britain, regional, obsolete) A close-stool.

Synonyms

• (male cat): tomcat, he-cat
• (male turkey): turkey-cock
• (male of other animals): male
• (prostitute): See also Thesaurus:prostitute

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

Shortened from tomato

Noun

tom (plural toms)

1. (Britain, greengrocers' slang) A tomato (the fruit).

   Toms 90p a pound

   • 2009, Mark Penny, ?Jonathan Penny, The Golden Pig (page 160)

     “I'd like sausage, eggs, bacon, toms, mushies, beans – oh, and some fried bread,” said Mike.

Etymology 3

Rhyming slang from tomfoolery.

Noun

tom (uncountable)

1. (Cockney rhyming slang) jewellery

Etymology 4

From Uncle Tom.

Verb

tom (third-person singular simple present toms, present participle tomming, simple past and past participle tommed)

1. (intransitive, derogatory, of a black person) To act in an obsequiously servile manner toward white authority.

Etymology 5

Verb

tom (third-person singular simple present toms, present participle tomming, simple past and past participle tommed)

1. (nautical) To dig out a hole below the hatch cover of a bulker and fill it with cargo or weights to aid stability.

Anagrams

• MOT, Mot, OMT, OTM, TMO, mot

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse tómr, from Proto-Germanic *t?maz (“empty”) .

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?t??m?]
• Rhymes: -?m

Adjective

tom (neuter tomt, plural and definite singular attributive tomme)

1. empty

References

• “tom” in Den Danske Ordbog

Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish tom (“bush, tuft; hillock, knoll”).

Pronunciation

• (Cois Fharraige) IPA^(key): /t??u?m?/

Noun

tom m (genitive singular toim, nominative plural toim or tomacha)

1. bush, shrub

   Synonym: tor

2. clump, tuft, tussock

Declension

• Alternative plural: tomacha (Cois Fharraige)

Derived terms

• tomach (“bushy; tufted”)

Etymology 2

Noun

tom m (genitive singular toma, nominative plural tomanna)

1. Alternative form of taom (“fit, paroxysm”)

Declension

Etymology 3

Verb

tom (present analytic tomann, future analytic tomfaidh, verbal noun tomadh, past participle tomtha)

1. Alternative form of tum (“dip, immerse”)

Conjugation

Mutation

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [t?m]

Determiner

tom

1. locative masculine singular of ten
2. locative neuter singular of ten

Middle English

Etymology 1

Adjective

tom

1. Alternative form of tome (“empty”)

Etymology 2

Noun

tom (uncountable)

1. Alternative form of tome (“freetime”)

Etymology 3

Adjective

tom

1. (Southwest, southern West Midlands) Alternative form of tame (“tame”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse tómr

Adjective

tom (neuter singular tomt, definite singular and plural tomme, comparative tommere, indefinite superlative tommest, definite superlative tommeste)

1. empty

Derived terms

• halvtom
• tomflaske
• tomhet

Related terms

• tømme

References

• “tom” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse tómr

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?m?/ (example of pronunciation)

Adjective

tom (neuter singular tomt, definite singular and plural tomme, comparative tommare, indefinite superlative tommast, definite superlative tommaste)

1. empty

Derived terms

• halvtom
• tomflaske

Related terms

• tømme, tømma

Etymology 2

From Old Norse taumr.

Noun

tom m (definite singular tommen, indefinite plural tommar, definite plural tommane)

1. Alternative form of taum; form removed with the spelling reform of 2012; superseded by taum

Derived terms

• fortom

References

• “tom” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• mot, t.o.m.

Oksapmin

Noun

tom

1. water

References

• Robyn Loughnane, A Grammar of Oksapmin (April 2009), page 58

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *t?maz (“empty”). Akin to Old Norse tómr (“empty”), whence Icelandic tómur (“empty”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /to?m/

Adjective

t?m

1. empty
2. (figuratively) free from

Declension

Descendants

• Middle English: tome, tom, toume, tombe
  • English: toom
  • Scots: tume, tuim

Polish

Etymology

From Latin tomus, from Ancient Greek ????? (tómos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [t???m]

Noun

tom m inan

1. volume (single book of a publication issued in multi-book format)

Declension

Further reading

• tom in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• tom in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Etymology

Probably a semi-learned borrowing from Latin tonus (and influenced by som; compare the Spanish ton, variant of the standard tono, which underwent a similar change, influenced by son, respectively), from Ancient Greek ????? (tónos, “tone”), from ????? (teín?, “I stretch”). Cf. also trom, a possible doublet.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tõ/
• Hyphenation: tom
• Rhymes: -õ

Noun

tom m (plural tons)

1. tone or pitch (property of sound determined by the frequency)
2. (music) tone (interval of a major second)
3. (music) key

See also

• trom

Romanian

Etymology

From French tome, from Latin tomus.

Noun

tom n (plural tomuri)

1. volume

Declension

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t???um/

Noun

tom m (genitive singular tuim, plural toman or tomannan)

1. round hillock or knoll, rising ground, swell, green eminence
2. any round heap
3. tuft of anything
4. bush, thicket
5. anthill
6. (Islay) stool
7. volume of a book
8. bank
9. grave
10. (medicine, rare) the plague
11. conical knoll

Slovene

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tó?m/

Noun

t??m m inan

1. tome

Inflection

See also

• zvézek

Further reading

• “tom”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Swedish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse tómr.

Pronunciation

• (Sweden) IPA^(key): /tum/

Adjective

tom

1. empty

Declension

Antonyms

• full

Related terms

Etymology 2

Used in Swedish since 1697. From French tome, Latin tomus (“section of larger work”), from Ancient Greek ????? (tómos, “section, roll of papyrus, volume”), from ????? (témn?, “I cut, separate”). Cognate with English tome.

Pronunciation

• (Sweden) IPA^(key): /to?m/

Noun

tom c

1. A tome, a volume (in a series of books), a (thick) book.

Declension

Related terms

• tomtals

References

• tom in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• tom in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• mot

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse tómr (“empty,”) from Proto-Germanic *t?maz, of unknown origin.

Adjective

tom (neuter tomt)

1. empty
2. bare
3. hungry, stingy

Derived terms

• tommen
• tommom
• tåomång
• tom-hunn

See also

• santom
• tommäs

Zuni

Pronoun

tom

1. Second person singular possessive (medial position)

   your

2. Second person singular object

   you

Related terms

• to'
• tomma

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from a West Slavic language, probably from Czech. Compare Czech kostka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?kot?sk?]
• Hyphenation: koc?ka
• Rhymes: -k?

Noun

kocka (plural kockák)

1. (geometry) cube (regular polyhedron having six identical square faces)
2. block, cube (any object in an approximately cuboid shape)
3. die, dice (regular polyhedron used in games, with numbers or symbols on each side)

   Synonym: dobókocka

4. dice game (game played predominantly or solely by rolling dice)

   Synonym: kockajáték

5. square (rectangular cell in a grid or pattern)

   Synonym: négyzet

6. (film, photography) frame (one of the many single photographic images on a roll of film)

   Synonyms: filmkocka, képkocka

7. (comics) panel (an individual drawing in a comic strip or comic book)

   Synonym: képregénykocka

8. (slang) nerd, geek (person who is intellectual but possibly socially inept, particularly an expert in computers)

   Synonym: kockafej

Declension

Derived terms

(Expressions):

• a kocka el van vetve
• fordul a kocka
• kockán forog
• kockára tesz

References

Further reading

• kocka in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN

Lower Sorbian

Noun

kocka f (masculine equivalent kocor)

1. Superseded spelling of kócka.

Declension

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kost?ka (“small bone”), since dice were made of bones (Proto-Slavic *kost?).

Noun

k?cka f (Cyrillic spelling ??????)

1. (geometry) cube
2. (games) die

Declension

Slovak

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kost?ka (“small bone”), since dice were made of bones (Proto-Slavic *kost?).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k?t?ska/

Noun

kocka f (genitive singular kocky, nominative plural kocky, genitive plural kociek, declension pattern of žena)

1. (geometry) cube
2. (games) die

Declension

Derived terms

• kockový
• kocô?ka

Further reading

• kocka in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kost?ka (“small bone”), since dice were made of bones (Proto-Slavic *kost?).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kó?t?ska/

Noun

k??cka f

1. die (used in games of chance)

Inflection

Further reading

• “kocka”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran