different between token vs promise
token
English
Etymology
From Middle English token, taken, from Old English t?cn (“sign”), from Proto-West Germanic *taikn, from Proto-Germanic *taikn?, from Proto-Indo-European *dey?- (“to show, instruct, teach”) with Germanic *k rather than *h by Kluge's law.
The verb is from Middle English toknen, from Old English t?cnian. Cognate with German Zeichen.
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /?t??k?n/
- (US) enPR: t?k??n IPA(key): /?to?k?n/
- Rhymes: -??k?n
Noun
token (plural tokens)
- Something serving as an expression of something else.
- Synonyms: sign, symbol
- A keepsake.
- Synonyms: memento, souvenir
- A piece of stamped metal or plastic, etc., used as a substitute for money; a voucher that can be exchanged for goods or services.
- A small physical object, often designed to give the appearance of a common thing, used to represent a person or character in a board game or other situation.
- A minor attempt for appearance's sake, or to minimally comply with a requirement.
- His apology was no more than a token.
- A member of a group of people that is included within a larger group to comply with a legal or social requirement.
- (obsolete, sometimes figuratively) Evidence, proof; a confirming detail; physical trace, mark, footprint.
- Support for a belief; grounds for an opinion.
- Synonyms: reason, reasoning
- An extraordinary event serving as evidence of supernatural power.
- Synonym: miracle
- An object or disclosure to attest or authenticate the bearer or an instruction.
- Synonym: password
- A seal guaranteeing the quality of an item.
- Something given or shown as a symbol or guarantee of authority or right; a sign of authenticity, of power, good faith.
- ca. 1605, William Shakespeare, Measure fir Measure, Act IV, sc. 3:
- Say, by this token, I desire his company.
- 1611, King James Version, Exodus 3:12:
- And he said, Certainly I will be with thee; and this shall be a token unto thee, that I have sent thee: When thou hast brought forth the people out of Egypt, ye shall serve God upon this mountain.
- ca. 1605, William Shakespeare, Measure fir Measure, Act IV, sc. 3:
- A tally.
- (philosophy) A particular thing to which a concept applies.
- (computing) An atomic piece of data, such as a word, for which a meaning may be inferred during parsing.
- Synonym: symbol
- Coordinate term: placeholder
- 2004, Randall Hyde, Write Great Code: Understanding the Machine, page 68
- For each lexeme, the scanner creates a small data package known as a token and passes this data package on to the parser.
- (computing) A conceptual object that can be possessed by a computer, process, etc. in order to regulate a turn-taking system such as a token ring network.
- (computing) A meaningless placeholder used as a substitute for sensitive data.
- (grammar) A lexeme; a basic, grammatically indivisible unit of a language such as a keyword, operator or identifier.
- (corpus linguistics) A single example of a certain word in a text or corpus.
- 2007, Khurshid Ahmad, "Artificial Ontologies and Real Thoughts: Populating the Semantic Web?", Roberto Basili, Maria Teresa Pazienza (eds.), AI*IA 2007: Artificial Intelligence and Human-Oriented Computing, Springer-Verlag, page 10.
- Antonym: type
- 2007, Khurshid Ahmad, "Artificial Ontologies and Real Thoughts: Populating the Semantic Web?", Roberto Basili, Maria Teresa Pazienza (eds.), AI*IA 2007: Artificial Intelligence and Human-Oriented Computing, Springer-Verlag, page 10.
- (medicine) A characteristic sign of a disease or of a bodily disorder, a symptom; a sign of a bodily condition, recovery, or health.
- (medicine, obsolete) A livid spot upon the body, indicating, or supposed to indicate, the approach of death.
- Like the fearful tokens of the plague, Are mere fore-runners of their ends.
- (printing) Ten and a half quires, or, commonly, 250 sheets, of paper printed on both sides; also, in some cases, the same number of sheets printed on one side, or half the number printed on both sides.
- (mining) A bit of leather having a peculiar mark designating a particular miner. Each hewer sends one of these with each corf or tub he has hewn.
- 1864 August 6, "Miners and Their Grievances", The Spectator, vol. 37, No. 1884, page 902.
- 1873, Richard Fynes, The Miners of Northumberland and Durham, page 110.
- 1877, "Northern Industries", The Primitive Methodist Magazine, page 172.
- 1864 August 6, "Miners and Their Grievances", The Spectator, vol. 37, No. 1884, page 902.
- (mining) A thin bed of coal indicating the existence of a thicker seam at no great distance.
- (rail transport) A physical object used for exchange between drivers and signalmen on single track lines.
- (weaving) In a loom, a colored signal to show the weaver which shuttle to use.
- (Church of Scotland) A piece of metal given beforehand to each person in the congregation who is permitted to partake of the Lord's Supper.
Derived terms
Translations
See also
- (philosophy): particular, universal, type
References
Adjective
token (comparative more token, superlative most token)
- Done as an indication or a pledge.
- Perfunctory or merely symbolic; done or existing for appearance's sake, or to minimally comply with a requirement.
- He made a token tap on the brake pedal at the stop sign.
- 1927, Arthur Robert Burns, Money and Monetary Policy in Early Times, page 393
- If the as had been reduced to a token in 240 BC, it was now a little more token than before.
- 2000, Cheris Kramarae, Dale Spender, Routledge International Encyclopedia of Women, Page 176
- There are still many churches where the participation of women is token.
- (of people) Included in minimal numbers in order to create an impression or illusion of diversity, especially ethnic or gender diversity.
- He was hired as the company's token black person.
- The television show was primarily directed toward a black audience, but it did have a few token white people as performers.
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
token (third-person singular simple present tokens, present participle tokening, simple past and past participle tokened)
- To betoken, indicate, portend, designate, denote
- 1398, in Hans Kurath & Sherman M. Kuhn, eds., Middle English Dictionary, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press 1962, [[Special:BookSources/978-0-472-01044-8|?ISBN]], page 1242:
- dorr??, d?r? adj. & n. […] Golden or reddish-yellow […] (a. 1398) *Trev. Barth. 59b/a: ?elou? colour [of urine] […] tokeneþ febleness of hete […] dorrey & citrine & li?t red tokeneþ mene.
- 1928, Edmund Blunden, Undertones of War, Penguin 2010, p. 149:
- The instinct revolted against the inevitable punishment to come, already tokened by those big holes now met in walls and crossings.
- 1398, in Hans Kurath & Sherman M. Kuhn, eds., Middle English Dictionary, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press 1962, [[Special:BookSources/978-0-472-01044-8|?ISBN]], page 1242:
- To betroth
- (philosophy) To symbolize, instantiate
Derived terms
- betoken
- foretoken
References
- Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
Dutch
Etymology
From English token.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?to?k?(n)/
Noun
token m or n (plural tokens, diminutive tokentje n)
- (computing) token, an atomic piece of data.
Usage notes
There is no general agreement about the gender. In the south, people tend to use neuter, whereas in the north, masculine is preferred.
Anagrams
- knoet
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English t?cn, from Proto-Germanic *taikn? (“sign, token, symbol”).
Noun
token (plural tokenes)
- token (a physical object representing an action, concept, etc.)
- omen, portent
- token (support for a belief)
- prearranged signal
- token (momento, keepsake)
- A flag, banner, standard associated with a person or event.
- model, example
- guarantee
- (astronomy) celestial body
- (astrology) astrological sign
Alternative forms
- tokene, tokin, tokine, tokon, tokne, tocne, toquen
- taken, takein, takin, takine (Northern)
- taken, takein, takin, takine, tacn, tacne, tacnæ, tockne (early)
Descendants
- English: token
- Scots: taiken
References
- “t?ken, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2
Noun
token (uncountable)
- (before g-) Alternative form of tukinge
Etymology 3
Verb
token
- simple past plural of taken
Alternative forms
- toke, tok, tokon, teken, takede
- tocken (early southwest Midlands)
- tocan (early)
Verb
token
- Alternative form of taken: past participle of taken
Swedish
Noun
token
- definite singular of tok
Anagrams
- keton
token From the web:
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- what tokens are erc20
- what tokens are on uniswap
- what tokens does coinbase support
- what tokens are built on ethereum
- what tokens are on coinbase
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- what token means
promise
English
Alternative forms
- promyse (obsolete)
Etymology
From Middle English promis, promisse, borrowed from Old French promesse, from Medieval Latin pr?missa, Latin pr?missum (“a promise”), feminine and neuter of promissus, past participle of pr?mitt? (“I send or put forth, let go forward, say beforehand, promise”), from pro (“forth”) + mittere (“to send”); see mission. Compare admit, commit, permit, etc. Displaced native Old English ?eh?tan (“to promise”) and ?eh?t (“a promise”).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?p??m?s/
- (General American) IPA(key): /?p??m?s/
- Hyphenation: prom?ise
Noun
promise (countable and uncountable, plural promises)
- (countable) an oath or affirmation; a vow
- (countable) A transaction between two persons whereby the first person undertakes in the future to render some service or gift to the second person or devotes something valuable now and here to his use.
- 1668 July 3rd, James Dalrymple, “Thomas Rue contra Andrew Hou?toun” in The Deci?ions of the Lords of Council & Se??ion I (Edinburgh, 1683), pages 547–548
- He pur?ued Andrew Hou?toun upon his promi?e, to give him the like Sallary for the next year, and in ab?ence obtained him to be holden as confe?t and Decerned.
- 1668 July 3rd, James Dalrymple, “Thomas Rue contra Andrew Hou?toun” in The Deci?ions of the Lords of Council & Se??ion I (Edinburgh, 1683), pages 547–548
- (uncountable) Reason to expect improvement or success; potential.
- My native country was full of youthful promise.
- (countable, computing, programming) A placeholder object representing the eventual result of an asynchronous operation.
- Synonyms: delay, deferred, (imprecise) future
- (countable, obsolete) bestowal or fulfillment of what is promised
- He […] commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the Father.
Translations
Verb
promise (third-person singular simple present promises, present participle promising, simple past and past participle promised)
- (transitive, intransitive) To commit to (some action or outcome), or to assure (a person) of such commitment; to make an oath or vow.
- (intransitive) To give grounds for expectation, especially of something good.
Usage notes
- This is a catenative verb that takes the to infinitive. See Appendix:English catenative verbs
Synonyms
- halsen
Related terms
Translations
See also
- election promise
Further reading
- promise in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- promise in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
- Promise on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Anagrams
- imposer, porimes, semipro
French
Verb
promise
- feminine singular of the past participle of promettre
Anagrams
- imposer
Italian
Verb
promise
- third-person singular past historic of promettere
Anagrams
- espormi, esprimo, impreso
Romanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [pro?mise]
Adjective
promise
- feminine plural of promis
- neuter plural of promis
Verb
promise
- third-person singular simple perfect indicative of promite
promise From the web:
- what promise was fulfilled in the summer of 1969
- what promises did hitler make
- what promise did sans make
- what promise did the generation of miracles make
- what promises did stalin make
- what promises are renewed at easter mass
- what promised neverland character are you
- why was 1969 called the summer of love
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