different between tog vs cog

English

Etymology 1

From Old French togue, from Latin toga (“cloak, mantle”). It started being used by thieves and vagabonds with the noun togman, which was an old slang word for "cloak". By the 1700s the noun "tog" was used as a short form for "togman", and it was being used for "coat", and before 1800 the word started to mean "clothing". The verb "tog" came out after a short period of time and became a popular word which meant to dress up. The unit of thermal resistance was coined in the 1940s after the clo, a unit of thermal insulation of clothing, which was itself derived from clothes.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /t??/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /t??/
• Rhymes: -??

Noun

tog (plural togs)

1. A cloak.
2. A coat.
3. A unit of thermal resistance, being ten times the temperature difference (in °C) between the two surfaces of a material when the flow of heat is equal to one watt per square metre

Derived terms

• (clothes): toggery
• (unit of thermal resistance): megatog (rare, humorously hyperbolic)

Verb

tog (third-person singular simple present togs, present participle togging, simple past and past participle togged)

1. (transitive) To dress (often with up or out).

Etymology 2

Adverb

tog (not comparable)

1. (knitting) Abbreviation of together.
   • 2012, Kay Meadors, Knitting for a Cure (page 34)

     Row 1 (Right side): Slip 1, K1, K2 tog, YO, K 10, (K2 tog, YO) twice, K3.

Anagrams

• -got-, GOT, GTO, GoT, OTG, TGO, got

Albanian

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *t?ga, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tég-os, from *(s)teg- (“to cover”). Compare Latin teg? (“to cover”), Greek ????? (tégos, “roof”), Old Irish tech (“house”), and others.

Noun

tog f (indefinite plural togje, definite singular togu, definite plural togjet)

1. heap, pile

Declension

Derived terms

• toger

References

Danish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Middle Low German toge, toch, from Old Saxon *tugi, from Proto-Germanic *tugiz. Cognate with Dutch teug, German Zug, Old English tyge. The sense "train" is derived from German Zug.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t??(?)?/, [?t???w], [?t??w]
• Homophone: tåg

Noun

tog n (singular definite toget, plural indefinite tog or toge)

1. train
2. expedition

Inflection

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /to??/, [?t?o?]

Verb

tog

1. past tense of tage

Dutch

Adverb

tog

1. Misspelling of toch.

Faroese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?o?/

Noun

tog n (genitive singular togs, plural tog)

1. (hemp) rope
2. long hair of a sheep skin

Declension

Icelandic

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t????/
• Rhymes: -???

Noun

tog n (genitive singular togs, nominative plural tog)

1. the act of pulling
2. rope

Declension

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Borrowed from German Zug (sense 1), and German Low German tog, toch (sense 2)

Noun

tog n (definite singular toget, indefinite plural tog, definite plural toga or togene)

1. (rail transport) a train (line of connected cars or carriages, often hauled by a locomotive)
2. a procession or parade

Derived terms

References

• “tog” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German tuch (“fare, pulling”) (genitive toges). In the sense of a train, it is a semantic borrow from German Zug.

Noun

tog n (definite singular toget, indefinite plural tog, definite plural toga)

1. (rail transport) a train (as above)
2. a procession or parade

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From earlier and Old Norse tog, from Proto-Germanic *taug?.

Noun

tog n (definite singular toget, indefinite plural tog, definite plural toga)

1. form removed with the spelling reform of 2012; superseded by tau
2. form removed with the spelling reform of 1938; superseded by tau

Inflection

References

• “tog” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• got

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• toga

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?to?/

Verb

tog

1. second-person singular imperative of do·goa

Mutation

Old Norse

Etymology

Possibly from an older Proto-Germanic *tug?. Related to the verb toga.

Noun

tog n

1. rope, line, cord

Declension

Descendants

References

• tog in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Middle Irish tócbáil, verbal noun of do·fócaib (“lifts up, raises; takes, takes up; brings; takes away, lifts off, removes; raises, sets up (of stones, buildings, etc.); exalts, uplifts, elevates, extols; rears, brings up, fosters; exacts, levies, raises (a tribute or tax); awakens, rouses, excites”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?ok/

Verb

tog (past thog, future togaidh, verbal noun togail, past participle togta)

1. lift, raise, rear, haul, pick up, hoist
2. build, erect
3. brew, distil
4. carry
5. take away
6. excite, stir, cheer up, rouse
7. exact (as tribute)
8. rear, educate, rear, bring up (a child)
9. hoist, weigh
10. extol
11. (agriculture) make sheaves of corn

Derived terms

References

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “do·fócaib”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “tócbáil”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• “tog” in Edward Dwelly, Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic–English Dictionary, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, 1911, ?ISBN.

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *t?g?. Cognate with Czech tuhý

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tó?k/

Adjective

t??g (comparative b?lj t??g, superlative n?jbolj t??g)

1. rigid, stiff

Inflection

Further reading

• “tog”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tu??/

Verb

tog

1. past tense of ta.
2. past tense of taga.

Anagrams

• got.

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: k?g, IPA^(key): /k??/
• (General American) enPR: k?g, kôg, IPA^(key): /k??/, /k??/
• Rhymes: -??, -???

Etymology 1

From Middle English cogge, from Old Norse [Term?] (compare Norwegian kugg (“cog”), Swedish kugg, kugge (“cog, tooth”)), from Proto-Germanic *kugg? (compare Dutch kogge (“cogboat”), German Kock), from Proto-Indo-European *gug? (“hump, ball”) (compare Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)), from *g?w- (“to bend, arch”).

The meaning of “cog” in carpentry derives from association with a tooth on a cogwheel.

Noun

cog (plural cogs)

1. A tooth on a gear.
2. A gear; a cogwheel.
3. An unimportant individual in a greater system.
   • 1976, Norman Denny (English translation), Victor Hugo (original French), Les Misérables

     ‘There are twenty-five of us, but they don’t reckon I’m worth anything. I’m just a cog in the machine.’

   • 1988, David Mamet, Speed-the-Plow

     Your boss tells you “take initiative,” you best guess right—and you do, then you get no credit. Day-in, … smiling, smiling, just a cog.

4. (carpentry) A projection or tenon at the end of a beam designed to fit into a matching opening of another piece of wood to form a joint.
5. (mining) One of the rough pillars of stone or coal left to support the roof of a mine.

Derived terms

• cog joint

Translations

Verb

cog (third-person singular simple present cogs, present participle cogging, simple past and past participle cogged)

1. To furnish with a cog or cogs.

Etymology 2

From Middle English cogge, from Middle Dutch kogge, cogghe (modern kogge), from Proto-Germanic *kugg? (compare German Kock (“cogboat”), Norwegian kugg (“cog (gear tooth)”)), from Proto-Indo-European *gug? (“hump, ball”) (compare Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)), from *g?w- (“to bend, arch”). See etymology 1 above.

Noun

cog (plural cogs)

1. (historical) A ship of burden, or war with a round, bulky hull.

Translations

Etymology 3

Uncertain origin. Both verb and noun appear first in 1532.

Noun

cog (plural cogs)

1. A trick or deception; a falsehood.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of William Watson to this entry?)

Translations

Verb

cog (third-person singular simple present cogs, present participle cogging, simple past and past participle cogged)

1. To load (a die) so that it can be used to cheat.
2. To cheat; to play or gamble fraudulently.
   • 1726, Jonathan Swift (debated), Molly Mog

     For guineas in other men's breeches, / Your gamesters will palm and will cog.

3. To seduce, or draw away, by adulation, artifice, or falsehood; to wheedle; to cozen; to cheat.
4. To obtrude or thrust in, by falsehood or deception; to palm off.
   • October 3, 1718, John Dennis, letter to S. T. , Esq; On the Deceitfulness of Rumour

     Fustian tragedies […] have […] been cogg'd upon the town for Master-pieces.

Translations

Etymology 4

From Old English cogge.

Alternative forms

• cogue

Noun

cog (plural cogs)

1. A small fishing boat.
2. Alternative form of cogue (“wooden vessel for milk”)

Anagrams

• CGO, OGC

Irish

Etymology

Back-formation from cogadh (“war”).

Verb

cog (present analytic cogann, future analytic cogfaidh, verbal noun cogadh, past participle cogtha)

1. (rare or archaic) to war, wage war

Conjugation

Mutation

Further reading

• “cog” in Foclóir Gae?ilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 158.

Middle English

Etymology

From Old French cogue, itself from Middle Dutch kogge.

Noun

cog

1. a ship of burden, or war with a round, bulky hull

   • As the Kynge was in his cog and lay in his caban, he felle in a slumberyng […].

Further reading

• Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

Back-formation from cogadh (“war, fighting”).

Verb

cog (past chog, future cogaidh, verbal noun cogadh, past participle cogte)

1. fight

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ko??/

Etymology 1

From Middle Welsh cog, from Proto-Brythonic *kok?, ultimately imitative, similar to Old High German k? (“crow, jackdaw”), Middle Low German kâ (“crow, jackdaw”).

Noun

cog f (plural cogau)

1. cuckoo

Usage notes

• Cog is usually found preceded by the definite article, y gog.

Synonyms

• (cuckoo): cwcw

Etymology 2

Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin coquus

Noun

cog m (plural cogau or cygod)

1. cook

   Synonym: cogydd

Mutation

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “cog”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies