different between thesaurus vs collocation
thesaurus
- For the Wiktionary thesaurus, see Wiktionary:Thesaurus
English
Etymology
16th century, from Latin th?saurus, from Ancient Greek ???????? (th?saurós, “storehouse, treasure”); its current English usage/meaning was established soon after the publication of Peter Roget's Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases in 1852. Doublet of treasure.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /???s????s/
- Rhymes: -????s
Noun
thesaurus (plural thesauri or thesauruses)
- A publication, usually in the form of a book, that provides synonyms (and sometimes antonyms) for the words of a given language.
- (archaic) A dictionary or encyclopedia.
- (information science) A hierarchy of subject headings — canonic titles of themes and topics, the titles serving as search keys.
Synonyms
- synonymicon
Derived terms
- metathesaurus
- thesaural
Translations
See also
- ontology
- Wiktionary's thesaurus
- Appendix:Roget's thesaurus classification
Further reading
- thesaurus in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- thesaurus in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
- Roget's Thesaurus can be found at: https://web.archive.org/web/20051125170203/http://www.bartleby.com/thesauri/
Latin
Alternative forms
- th?nsaurus, t?saurus, t?s?rus
Etymology
From Ancient Greek ???????? (th?saurós, “storehouse, treasure”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /t?e??sau?.rus/, [t??e??s?äu???s?]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /te?sau?.rus/, [t???s???u?rus]
Noun
th?saurus m (genitive th?saur?); second declension
- treasure, hoard
- 405, Jerome and others, Vulgate, Daniel 1:2
- […] et vasa intulit in domum thesauri dei sui
- " […] and he brought the vessels into the treasure house of his god."
- […] et vasa intulit in domum thesauri dei sui
- 405, Jerome and others, Vulgate, Daniel 1:2
- a dear friend, loved one
- a vault for treasure
- chest, strongbox
- repository, collection
Declension
Second-declension noun.
Derived terms
- th?saur?rius
- th?saurensis
- th?sauriz?tor
- th?sauriz?
Descendants
References
- thesaurus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- thesaurus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- thesaurus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- thesaurus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- thesaurus in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- thesaurus in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
Portuguese
Noun
thesaurus m (plural thesauri or thesaurus)
- thesaurus (dictionary of synonyms)
- Synonyms: tesauro, (Portugal) dicionário de sinónimos, (Brazil) dicionário de sinônimos
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collocation
English
Etymology
1605, from Latin colloc?ti?, from colloc?re, present active infinitive of colloc? (“I place, put, put together, assemble”). Compare French collocation. The technical sense in linguistics was established in 1951, although it may actually be earlier.
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /?k?.l?.?ke?.??n/
- (US) IPA(key): /?k?.l?.?ke?.??n/, /?k?.lo?.?ke?.??n/
- Rhymes: -e???n
Noun
collocation (countable and uncountable, plural collocations)
- (uncountable) The grouping or juxtaposition of things, especially words or sounds.
- 1869, Friedrich Max Müller, Lectures on the Science of Language delivered at the Royal Institution of Great Britain in April, May, and June, 1861, 2nd ed, Scribner, p 288:
- Everything in fact depends in Chinese on the proper collocation of words in a sentence. Thus ngò tà ni means “I beat thee;” but ni tà ngò would mean “Thou beatest me.”
- 1931, H. P. Lovecraft, The Whisperer in Darkness, chapter 6:
- It drowsed like the older New England cities which one remembers from boyhood, and something in the collocation of roofs and steeples and chimneys and brick walls formed contours touching deep viol-strings of ancestral emotion.
- 1869, Friedrich Max Müller, Lectures on the Science of Language delivered at the Royal Institution of Great Britain in April, May, and June, 1861, 2nd ed, Scribner, p 288:
- (countable) Such a specific grouping.
- 1880, William Dwight Whitney, Richard Morris, Language and its study, with especial reference to the Indo-European family, 2nd ed, Trübner & Co., p 56:
- We said at first bre?k fâst—“I broke fast at such an hour this morning:” he, or they, who first ventured to say I breakfasted were guilty of as heinous a violation of grammatical rule as he would be who should now declare I takedinnered, instead of I took dinner; but good usage came over to their side and ratified the blunder, because the community were minded to give a specific name to their earliest meal and to the act of partaking of it, and therefore converted the collocation bre?kfâst into the real compound br?akfast.
- 1880, William Dwight Whitney, Richard Morris, Language and its study, with especial reference to the Indo-European family, 2nd ed, Trübner & Co., p 56:
- (linguistics, translation studies) A sequence of words or terms that co-occur more often than would be expected by chance (i.e., the statistically significant placement of particular words in a language), often representing an established name for, or idiomatic way of conveying, a particular semantic concept.
- 1917, Otto Jespersen, Negation in English and Other Languages, Copenhagen: A.F. Høst, p 39:
- Little and few are also incomplete negatives; note the frequent collocation with no: there is little or no danger.
- 1938, H.E. Palmer, A Grammar of English Words, Longmans, Green:
- [subtitle] One thousand English words and their pronunciation, together with information concerning the several meanings of each word, its inflections and derivatives, and the collocations and phrases into which it enters.
- 1951, John Rupert Firth, Papers in linguistics, 1934–1951, Oxford University Press, p 194:
- I propose to bring forward as a technical term, meaning by ‘collocation’, and to apply the test of ‘collocability’.
- 1968, John Rupert Firth, Frank Robert Palmer, Selected Papers of J.R. Firth, 1952–1959, Longmans, p 181:
- Collocations of a given word are statements of the habitual or customary places of that word in a collocational order but not in any other contextual order and emphatically not in grammatical order
- 1995, Paul Kussmaul, Training the Translator, Benjamins Translation Library, p. 17:
- The problem here was the translation of "period" by German "Periode". In describing the symptoms we may say that in connection with "Schlaf" the German word "Phase" would have been a better collocation.
- 2004, Sabine Bartsch, Structural and Functional Properties of Collocations in English: A Corpus Study of Lexical and Pragmatic Constraints on Lexical Co-Occurrence, Gunter Narr Verlag, p 30:
- It is not entirely clear who was the first linguist to use the term collocation in the sense of a recurrent, relatively fixed word combination. Among the first linguists to base a theory of meaning on the notion of “meaning by collocation” is J.R. Firth (1957) who is commonly credited with systematically introducing the concept of collocation into linguistic theory.
- 2006, Tony McEnery, Richard Xiao, Yukio Tono, Corpus-Based Language Studies: An Advanced Resource Book, Taylor & Francis:
- [p 56] The term collocation refers to the characteristic co-occurrence patterns of words, i.e., which words typically co-occur in corpus data (see Units A10.2 and C1). Collocates can be lexical words or grammatical words. Collocations are identified using a statistical approach. Three statistical formulae are most commonly used in corpus linguistics to identify significant collocations: the M1 (mutual information), t and z scores.
- [p 159] In lexical studies collocation and semantic prosody/preference can only be quantified reliably on the basis of corpus data.
- 1917, Otto Jespersen, Negation in English and Other Languages, Copenhagen: A.F. Høst, p 39:
- (mathematics) A method of finding an approximate solution of an ordinary differential equation by determining coefficients in an expansion so as to make vanish at prescribed points; the expansion with the coefficients thus found is the sought approximation.
- (computing) A service allowing multiple customers to locate network, server, and storage gear and connect them to a variety of telecommunications and network service providers, at a minimum of cost and complexity.
- 2011, "Tyler Durden", Zero Hedge, Watch Bernanke's Q&A With FOMC Approved Sycophants Live Here:
- As usual, nothing of significance will be asked, and most certainly, answered, but do expect the dollar (and, inversely, ES) to go up, then down, then up, and so forth as random vacuum tubes blow in NYSE's ultramodern Mahwah collocation facility.
- 2011, "Tyler Durden", Zero Hedge, Watch Bernanke's Q&A With FOMC Approved Sycophants Live Here:
Derived terms
- collocate (linguistics, translation studies)
- collocability (linguistics)
- collocational
- miscollocation
Related terms
- collocate
- collocative
- collocator
Translations
See also
- actant
- collation
- compound
- idiom
- phrase
Further reading
- collocation on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- statistically improbable phrase on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
French
Noun
collocation f (plural collocations)
- collocation
collocation From the web:
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