different between syntony vs synergy

English

Noun

syntony (usually uncountable, plural syntonies)

1. (electronics) A condition in which two oscillators have the same resonant frequency.
   • 1908, United States Congressional Serial Set, page 23,

     In practice, perfectly accurate syntony is not necessary, but some variation in a wave length may be permitted and good results at the receiver will still be attained.

2. A syntonic state.
   • 1969, Carlo Luigi Golino (editor), Italian Quarterly, Volume 13, page 27,

     Betti has dealt with the XXIX Canto of Paradiso in a commentary marked by an extreme richness of spiritual syntonies.

   • 1992, Michele Bezoari, Antonio Ferro, From a play between "parts" to transformations in the couple: psychoanalysis in a bipersonal field, Luciana Nissim Momigliano, Andreina Robutti, Shared Experience: The Psychoanalytic Dialogue, page 54,

     Rather, it seems to us that the analyst's priority should be to foster the progressive interaction of these areas into the couple's communicative work, so as to arrive, through successive transformations of what we have called functional aggregates, at a shared vision and an experience of emotional syntony relative to what occurs in the field.

   • 2007 January 25, London Review of Books, p12,

     Official demographers hasten to point out that high mortality rates were already a feature of the Brezhnev period, while low fertility rates are after all a sign of social advance, in syntony with Western Europe.

English

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ???????? (sunergía, “cooperation”), from ??? (sún, “with, together”) + ????? (érgon, “work”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?s?n?d?i/
• (US) enPR: s?n??r-j?, IPA^(key): /?s?n?d?i/

Noun

synergy (countable and uncountable, plural synergies)

1. (systems theory) A synonym of binding energy.
   • 1986, John Andrew Dillon (Society for General Systems Research). Proceedings of the International Conference on Mental Images, Values, & Reality. Vol. 1, Intersystems Publications, p. D-7

     Depending on the initial condition of the system (initial alphabet and number of elements) the co-evolution of nested local and global hierarchies continues until the system reaches a maximum value of complexity. At least for nuclear systems a quantitative variable called "complexity" can be defined, which increases in an irreversible manner during stellar evolution (Winiwarter, 1983). This variable C is composed of an informational measure I describing the variety of the computed formulas and an energetic measure R describing the relative binding energy or "synergy" permitting the coherence of the system.

   • 2009, J.-C. Spender, "Organizational Knowledge, Collective Practice and Penrose Rents", in Michael H. Zack (ed.), Knowledge and Strategy, Routledge, 2009, p. 125

     In short, synergy is the consequence of the energy expended in creating order. It is locked up in the viable system created, be it an organism or a social system. It is at the level of the system. It is not discernible at the level of the system. It is not discernible at the level of the system's components. Whenever the system is dismembered to examine its components, this binding energy dissipates. An ordered library offers systemic possibilities, such as rapid search, selection, and aggregation, that cannot be explained by looking at the books themselves. These possibilities only exist because of the investment made in defining and creating interrelations between the books, their physical arrangement and the catalogues.

2. (physiology) The cooperation of two or more nerves, muscles, organs, etc.

   the digestive synergy

3. (pharmacology) The combined action of two or more drugs where the effects are stronger than their mere sum.
4. (figuratively) Benefits resulting from combining different groups, people, objects or processes.

Synonyms

• binding energy (in systems theory)

Antonyms

• asynergy (absence of synergy)
• antisynergy

Related terms

Translations

Further reading

• synergy on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• synergy in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• synergy in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

References