different between swear vs deny
swear
English
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /sw??/
- (General American) IPA(key): /sw??/
- Rhymes: -??(?)
Etymology 1
From Middle English sweren, swerien, from Old English swerian (“to swear, take an oath of office”), from Proto-West Germanic *swarjan, from Proto-Germanic *swarjan? (“to speak, swear”), from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to swear”).
Cognate with West Frisian swarre (“to swear”), Saterland Frisian swera (“to swear”), Dutch zweren (“to swear, vow”), Low German swören (“to swear”), sweren, German schwören (“to swear”), Danish sværge, Swedish svära (“to swear”), Icelandic sverja (“to swear”), Russian ????? (svara, “quarrel”). Also cognate to Albanian var (“to hang, consider, to depend from”) through Proto-Indo-European.
The original sense in all Germanic languages is “to take an oath”. The sense “to use bad language” developed in Middle English and is based on the Christian prohibition against swearing in general (cf. Matthew 5:33-37) and invoking God’s name in particular (i.e. frequent swearing was considered similar to the use of obscene words).
Verb
swear (third-person singular simple present swears, present participle swearing, simple past swore or (archaic) sware, past participle sworn or yswore)
- (transitive, intransitive) To take an oath, to promise.
- The Bat—they called him the Bat. […]. He'd never been in stir, the bulls had never mugged him, he didn't run with a mob, he played a lone hand, and fenced his stuff so that even the fence couldn't swear he knew his face.
- (transitive, intransitive) To use offensive, profane, or obscene language.
Usage notes
- In sense 1, this is a catenative verb that takes the to infinitive. See Appendix:English catenative verbs
Synonyms
- See also Thesaurus:swear word
- See also Thesaurus:swear
Derived terms
Translations
Etymology 2
From the above verb, or from Middle English sware, from Old English swaru, from Proto-Germanic *swar?.
Noun
swear (plural swears)
- A swear word.
- 1892, Robert Louis Stevenson, The Beach of Falesá
- You might think it funny to hear this Kanaka girl come out with a big swear. No such thing. There was no swearing in her — no, nor anger; she was beyond anger, and meant the word simple and serious.
- 1892, Robert Louis Stevenson, The Beach of Falesá
Etymology 3
From Middle English swere, swer, swar, from Old English sw?r, sw?r (“heavy, heavy as a burden, of great weight, oppressive, grievous, painful, unpleasant, sad, feeling or expressing grief, grave, slow, dull, sluggish, slothful, indolent, inactive from weakness, enfeebled, weak”), from Proto-West Germanic *sw?r, from Proto-Germanic *sw?raz (“heavy”), from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“heavy”).
Cognate with West Frisian swier (“heavy”), Dutch zwaar (“heavy, hard, difficult”), German schwer (“heavy, hard, difficult”), Swedish svår (“heavy, hard, severe”), Latin s?rius (“earnest, grave, solemn, serious”) and Albanian varrë (“wound, plague”).
Alternative forms
- sweer, sweir, swere
Adjective
swear (comparative swearer or more swear, superlative swearest or most swear)
- (Britain dialectal) Heavy.
- (Britain dialectal) Top-heavy; too high.
- (Britain dialectal) Dull; heavy; lazy; slow; reluctant; unwilling.
- (Britain dialectal) Niggardly.
- (Britain dialectal) A lazy time; a short rest during working hours (especially field labour); a siesta.
Derived terms
Verb
swear (third-person singular simple present swears, present participle swearing, simple past and past participle sweared)
- (Britain dialectal) To be lazy; rest for a short while during working hours.
References
- swear at OneLook Dictionary Search
Anagrams
- resaw, sawer, sware, wares, wears
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deny
English
Etymology
From Middle English denyen, from Old French denoier (“to deny, to repudiate”) (French dénier), from Latin denegare (“to deny, to refuse”), from de- (“away”) and negare (“to refuse”), the latter ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ne (“no, not”). Doublet of denegate.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /d??na?/
- (General American) IPA(key): /d??na?/, /d?-/
- Rhymes: -a?
- Hyphenation: de?ny
Verb
deny (third-person singular simple present denies, present participle denying, simple past and past participle denied)
- (transitive) To disallow or reject.
- (transitive) To assert that something is not true.
- (ditransitive) To refuse to give or grant something to someone.
- 1754, Jonathan Edwards, An Inquiry into the Modern Prevailing Notions Respecting that Freedom of the Will which is supposed to be Essential to Moral Agency
- To some men, it is more agreeable to deny a vicious inclination, than to gratify it.
- 1754, Jonathan Edwards, An Inquiry into the Modern Prevailing Notions Respecting that Freedom of the Will which is supposed to be Essential to Moral Agency
- To take something away from someone; to deprive of.
- (sports, transitive) To prevent from scoring.
- To disclaim connection with, responsibility for, etc.; to refuse to acknowledge; to disown; to abjure; to disavow.
- 1834-1874, George Bancroft, History of the United States, from the Discovery of the American Continent.
- the falsehood of denying his opinion
- 1827, John Keble, The Christian Year
- thou thrice denied, yet thrice beloved
- 1834-1874, George Bancroft, History of the United States, from the Discovery of the American Continent.
- (obsolete) To refuse (to do or accept something).
Usage notes
- This is a catenative verb that takes the gerund (-ing). See Appendix:English catenative verbs.
- Deny can have a connotation that the denial is false; he denied knowing the accused has a more suspicious tone than he said he did not know the accused. However, in some formal usages, e.g. medical records, it can have a more neutral sense (patient denies chest pain).
- See refute.
Conjugation
Synonyms
- (assert something is not true): gainsay, contradict, withsay, refute, disclaim
Antonyms
- (disallow): allow
- (assert something is true): confirm, affirm
Derived terms
- deniability
- denier
- justice delayed is justice denied
Related terms
- denial
Translations
Anagrams
- E.D.N.Y., Ynde, dyne
deny From the web:
- what deny mean
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- what deny me
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