different between sustain vs promote
sustain
English
Etymology
From Middle English susteinen, sustenen, from Old French sustenir (French soutenir), from Latin sustine?, sustin?re (“to uphold”), from sub- (“from below, up”) + tene? (“hold”, verb).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s??ste?n/
- Hyphenation: sus?tain
- Rhymes: -e?n
Verb
sustain (third-person singular simple present sustains, present participle sustaining, simple past and past participle sustained)
- (transitive) To maintain, or keep in existence.
- The professor had trouble sustaining students’ interest until the end of her lectures.
- The city came under sustained attack by enemy forces.
- 1949, George Orwell, Nineteen Eighty-Four, Part Two, Chapter 9,[1]
- All the beliefs, habits, tastes, emotions, mental attitudes that characterize our time are really designed to sustain the mystique of the Party and prevent the true nature of present-day society from being perceived.
- (transitive) To provide for or nourish.
- provisions to sustain an army
- 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Nehemiah 9:21,[2]
- Yea, forty years didst thou sustain them in the wilderness, so that they lacked nothing; their clothes waxed not old, and their feet swelled not.
- 1937, Robert Byron, The Road to Oxiana, London: Macmillan, Part 2, p. 59,[3]
- We rode five farsakhs today, sustained by a single bowl of curds and tortured by the wooden saddles.
- (transitive) To encourage or sanction (something). (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)
- (transitive) To experience or suffer (an injury, etc.).
- The building sustained major damage in the earthquake.
- c. 1612, William Shakespeare and John Fletcher, Henry VIII, Act III, Scene 2,[4]
- […] if you omit
- The offer of this time, I cannot promise
- But that you shall sustain moe new disgraces,
- With these you bear already.
- 1697, John Dryden (translator), The Aeneid, Book 7, lines 592-593, in The Works of Virgil, London: Jacob Tonson, p. 418,[5]
- Shall Turnus then such endless Toil sustain,
- In fighting Fields, and conquer Towns in vain:
- (transitive) To confirm, prove, or corroborate; to uphold.
- to sustain a charge, an accusation, or a proposition
- 1876, Henry Martyn Robert, Pocket Manual of Rules of Order for Deliberative Assemblies, Chicago: Griggs, 1885, Section 61 (e), p. 167,[6]
- After the vote is taken, the Chairman states that the decision of the Chair is sustained, or reversed, as the case may be.
- To keep from falling; to bear; to uphold; to support.
- A foundation sustains the superstructure; an animal sustains a load; a rope sustains a weight.
- To aid, comfort, or relieve; to vindicate.
- c. 1605, William Shakespeare, King Lear, Act III, Scene 3,[7]
- When I desir’d their leave that I might pity him, they took from me the use of mine own house, charg’d me on pain of perpetual displeasure neither to speak of him, entreat for him, nor any way sustain him.
- 1697, John Dryden (translator), The Aeneid, Book 6, lines 1122-1123, in The Works of Virgil, London: Jacob Tonson, p. 395,[8]
- His Sons, who seek the Tyrant to sustain,
- And long for Arbitrary Lords again,
- c. 1605, William Shakespeare, King Lear, Act III, Scene 3,[7]
Derived terms
- sustainable
- sustainedly
- sustaining
Related terms
Translations
Noun
sustain (plural sustains)
- (music) A mechanism which can be used to hold a note, as the right pedal on a piano.
- 2011, Chuck Eddy, Rock and Roll Always Forgets (page 265)
- To call this music bland is to ignore the down-the-drain vocal fade-aways, the extended sax sustains […]
- 2011, Chuck Eddy, Rock and Roll Always Forgets (page 265)
Anagrams
- issuant
sustain From the web:
- what sustains the planet in place
- what sustainability
- what sustains a fire
- what sustainable means
- what sustains life on earth
- what sustainable energy practices are in place
- what sustains you
- what sustainable development
promote
English
Etymology
From Latin pr?m?tus, perfect passive participle of pr?move? (“move forward, advance”).
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /p???mo?t/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /p???m??t/
- Rhymes: -??t
- Hyphenation: pro?mote
Verb
promote (third-person singular simple present promotes, present participle promoting, simple past and past participle promoted)
- (transitive) To raise (someone) to a more important, responsible, or remunerative job or rank.
- (transitive) To advocate or urge on behalf of (something or someone); to attempt to popularize or sell by means of advertising or publicity.
- (transitive) To encourage, urge or incite.
- (sports, usually in passive form) To elevate to a higher league.
- (transitive, chemistry) To increase the activity of (a catalyst) by changing its surface structure.
- (transitive, chess) To exchange (a pawn) for a queen or other piece when it reaches the eighth rank.
- (intransitive, Singapore) To move on to a subsequent stage of education.
Antonyms
- (raise rank): demote, relegate
- (advocate or urge on behalf of): denigrate, oppose
Related terms
Translations
Anagrams
- protome, temporo-, topomer
Latin
Participle
pr?m?te
- vocative masculine singular of pr?m?tus
promote From the web:
- what promotes hair growth
- what promotes beard growth
- what promotes the recognition of ideologies
- what promotes wound healing
- what promotes blood clotting
- what promotes greater hardness in minerals
- what promotes natural selection
- what promotes nail growth
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