different between surfeit vs load

English

Etymology

From Middle English surfeite, surfet, a borrowing from Anglo-Norman surfet, surfeit and Old French sorfet, sorfait, past participle of surfaire (“to augment, exaggerate, exceed”), from sur- (“over”) + faire (“to do”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?s??.f?t/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?s??.f?t/
• Rhymes: -??(r)f?t

Noun

surfeit (countable and uncountable, plural surfeits)

1. (countable) An excessive amount of something.
2. (uncountable) Overindulgence in either food or drink; overeating.

   • Now comes the sick hour that his surfeit made.
3. (countable) A sickness or condition caused by overindulgence.

   • the Leaves they do eat to prevent surfeit and other diseases that are incident to those that heat their blood by travels

4. Disgust caused by excess; satiety.
   • 1796, Edmund Burke, Letters on a Regicide Peace

     Matter and argument have been supplied abundantly, and even to surfeit.

   • c. 1579, Philip Sidney, The Defense of Poesy

     Now for similitudes in certain printed discourses, I think all herbalists, all stories of beasts, fowls, and fishes are rifled up, that they may come in multitudes to wait upon any of our conceits, which certainly is as absurd a surfeit to the ears as is possible.

5. (countable) A group of skunks.

Synonyms

• (excessive amount of something): excess, glut, overabundance, superfluity, surplus, ug
• (overindulgence in food or drink): gluttony, overeating, overindulgence
• (disgust caused by excess): nausea

Translations

Verb

surfeit (third-person singular simple present surfeits, present participle surfeiting, simple past and past participle surfeited)

1. (transitive) To fill (something) to excess.

   Synonym: stuff

   • 1610, The Tempest, by Shakespeare, act 3 scene 3,

     You are three men of sin, whom Destiny,

     That hath to instrument this lower world

     And what is in’t,—the never-surfeited sea

     Hath caused to belch up you;
2. (transitive) To feed (someone) to excess (on, upon or with something).

   Synonyms: glut, overfeed, stuff

   She surfeited her children on sweets.

   • 1665, Robert Boyle, Occasional Reflections upon Several Subjects, London: Henry Herringman, Reflection 10, p. 186,^[3]

     […] ev’n the wholsomest Meats may be surfeited on, and there is nothing more unhealthy, than to feed very well, and do but very little Exercise.

   • 1906, O. Henry, “The Furnished Room” in The Four Million, New York: A.L. Burt, p. 240,^[4]

     To the door of this, the twelfth house whose bell he had rung, came a housekeeper who made him think of an unwholesome, surfeited worm that had eaten its nut to a hollow shell and now sought to fill the vacancy with edible lodgers.

   • 1909, Arnold Bennett, The Old Wives’ Tale, Leipzig: Bernhard Tauchnitz, Volume 1, Book 2, Chapter 8, section 1, p. 318,^[5]

     If he said of a dish, in the local tongue: “I could do a bit of that!” or if he simply smacked his lips over it, she would surfeit him with that dish.

3. (transitive) To make (someone) sick as a result of overconsumption.
   • 1640, Thomas Fuller, Joseph’s Partie-Colored Coat, London: John Williams, p. ,^[6]

     […] that proportion of meat surfetteth, and surchargeth the stomacks of some, which is not enough to satisfie the hunger of others,

   • 1755, George Colman, The Connoisseur, No. 49, 2 January, 1755, London: R. Baldwin, Volume 1, p. 299,^[7]

     […] I imagine him poisoned by his wines, or surfeited by a favourite dish;

4. (transitive, figuratively) To supply (someone) with something to excess; to disgust (someone) through overabundance.

   Synonyms: cloy, glut

   • 1697, Aphra Behn, “On an ungrateful and undeserving Mistress, whom he cou’d not help Loving” in Poems upon Several Occasions, London: Francis Saunders, p. 50,^[8]

     While some glad Rival in her Arms did lye,

     Glutted with Love and surfeited with Joy.

   • 1795, Richard Cumberland, Henry, London: Charles Dilly, Volume 4, Book 10, Chapter 3, p. 18,^[9]

     […] he shan’t shut me up in this dismal castle, and nauseate me with his surfeiting fondness:

   • 1844, Charles Lever, Tom Burke of “Ours”, Dublin: William Curry, Jun., Volume 2, Chapter 53, p. 31,^[10]

     […] I suppose his majesty thought we had enough of it on the field, and did not wish to surfeit us with glory.

   • 1922, F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Beautiful and Damned, New York: Scribner, Book 2, Chapter 2, p. 210,^[11]

     After supper, surfeited with the subject, she yawned.

   • 1977, Susan Sontag, “The Heroism of Vision” in On Photography, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, p. 77,^[12]

     The image-surfeited are likely to find sunsets corny; they now look, alas, too much like photographs.

5. (transitive) To satisfy (someone's appetite) to excess (both literally and figuratively).

   Synonym: glut

   • 1796, Maria Edgeworth, The Parent’s Assistant; or, Stories for Children, London: J. Johnson, Volume 2, “The Mimic,” p. 98,^[13]

     […] his appetite for vulgar praise had not yet been surfeited;

   • 1922, Lenore Richards and Nola Treat, Quantity Cookery, Boston: Little, Brown, Chapter 2, p. 8,^[14]

     Every one has had the experience of being served with more food than can be eaten with relish and without waste. The effect is to surfeit the appetite and to limit the variety which a patron may have,

6. (intransitive, reflexive) To overeat or feed to excess (on or upon something).

   Synonyms: glut, indulge, overfeed, overindulge

   • 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Luke 21.34,^[15]

     And take heed to yourselves, lest at any time your hearts be overcharged with surfeiting, and drunkenness, and cares of this life, and so that day come upon you unawares.

   • 1908, Jack London, The Iron Heel, New York: Macmillan, Chapter 17, p. 251,^[16]

     Millions of people were starving, while the oligarchs and their supporters were surfeiting on the surplus.

   • 1917, R. L. Alsaker, Maintaining Health, New York: Frank E. Morrison, Chapter 16, p. 174,^[17]

     Those who do not surfeit themselves do not weary quickly of any particular article of diet.

7. (intransitive, reflexive, figuratively) To indulge (in something) to excess.
   • 1748, William Gilpin, A Dialogue upon the Gardens of the Right Honourable Viscount Cobham, at Stow in Buckinghamshire, London: B. Seeley, p. 54,^[18]

     After surfeiting itself with the Feast here provided for it, the Eye, by using a little Exercise in travelling about the Country, grows hungry again, and returns to the Entertainment with fresh Appetite.

   • 1847, Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre, London: Smith, Elder, Volume 2, Chapter 1, p. 16,^[19]

     […] a more fantastic idiot had never surfeited herself on sweet lies, and swallowed poison as if it were nectar.

   • 1869, Mark Twain, The Innocents Abroad, Hartford, CT: American Publishing Company, Chapter 47, p. 496,^[20]

     […] the intemperate zeal with which middle-aged men are apt to surfeit themselves upon a seductive folly which they have tasted for the first time.

8. (intransitive, reflexive) To become sick from overindulgence (both literally and figuratively).
   • c. 1596, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice, Act I, Scene 2,^[21]

     […] they are as sick that surfeit with too much as they that starve with nothing.

   • 1642, Thomas Fuller, The Holy State, Cambridge: John Williams, Book 1, Chapter 13, p. 43,^[22]

     I must confesse at my first reading of them [the miracles of Hildegard of Bingen], my belief digested some, but surfeted on the rest:

   • 1669, John Dryden, The Wild Gallant, London: H. Herringman, Act II, Scene 2, p. 17,^[23]

     He that serves many Mistresses, surfeits on his diet, and grows dead to the whole sex:

   • 1861, Herbert Spencer, Education: Intellectual, Moral, and Physical, London: Williams and Norgate, Chapter 4, p. 149,^[24]

     But are children to be allowed to surfeit themselves? Shall they be suffered to take their fill of dainties and make themselves ill, as they certainly will do?

Derived terms

• surfeiter

Translations

Related terms

• surfeiting
• surfeitly
• surfeitness
• surfeitous

Further reading

• surfeit in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• surfeit in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• surfeit at OneLook Dictionary Search

Anagrams

• fustier

English

Etymology

The sense of “burden” first arose in the 13th century as a secondary meaning of Middle English lode, loade, which had the main significance of “way, course, journey”, from Old English l?d (“course, journey; way, street, waterway; leading, carrying; maintenance, support”) (ultimately from Proto-Germanic *laid? (“leading, way”), Proto-Indo-European *leyt- (“to go, go forth, die”), cognate with Middle Low German leide (“entourage, escort”), German Leite (“line, course, load”), Swedish led (“way, trail, line”), Icelandic leið (“way, course, route”)).As such, load is a doublet of lode, which has preserved the older meaning.

Most likely, the semantic extension of the Middle English substantive arose by conflation with the (etymologically unrelated) verb lade; however, Middle English lode occurs only as a substantive; the transitive verb load (“to charge with a load”) is recorded only in the 16th century (frequently in Shakespeare),and (except for the participle laden) has largely supplanted lade in modern English.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /lo?d/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /l??d/
  • Homophones: lode, lowed
• Rhymes: -??d

Noun

load (plural loads)

1. A burden; a weight to be carried.

2. (figuratively) A worry or concern to be endured, especially in the phrase a load off one's mind.

   • Our life's a load.

   • 2005, Coldplay, Green Eyes

     I came here with a load and it feels so much lighter, now I’ve met you.

3. A certain number of articles or quantity of material that can be transported or processed at one time.

4. A quantity of washing put into a washing machine for a wash cycle.

5. (in combination) Used to form nouns that indicate a large quantity, often corresponding to the capacity of a vehicle
6. (often in the plural, colloquial) A large number or amount.

7. The volume of work required to be performed.

8. (engineering) The force exerted on a structural component such as a beam, girder, cable etc.

9. (electrical engineering) The electrical current or power delivered by a device.

10. (engineering) A resistive force encountered by a prime mover when performing work.
11. (electrical engineering) Any component that draws current or power from an electrical circuit.

12. A unit of measure for various quantities.
    • 1866, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, Volume 1, p. 172:

      If this load equals its modern representative, it contains 18 cwt. of dry, 19 of new hay.

13. The viral load
14. A very small explosive inserted as a gag into a cigarette or cigar.
15. The charge of powder for a firearm.
16. (obsolete) Weight or violence of blows.
17. (vulgar, slang) The contents (e.g. semen) of an ejaculation.
    • 2006, John Patrick, Barely Legal, page 102

      Already, Robbie had dumped a load into his dad, and now, before my very eyes, was Alan's own cock lube seeping out

    • 2009, John Butler Wanderlust, page 35

      It felt so good, I wanted to just keep going until I blew a load down his throat, but I hadn't even seen his ass yet, and I sure didn't want to come yet.

18. (euphemistic) Nonsense; rubbish.

19. (computing) The process of loading something, i.e. transferring it into memory or over a network, etc.
    • 2009, Daniel Page, A Practical Introduction to Computer Architecture (page 614)

      This description represents a form of delay slot: the load operation takes some time to complete, say n cycles. Thus, the value loaded only becomes valid n cycles after the load seems to have executed and can therefore only be read after then.

Synonyms

• (unspecific heavy weight to be carried): charge, freight
• (unit of lead): fodder, fother, cartload, carrus, charrus
• (the contents of one's ejaculation): cumwad, wad

Hyponyms

• (¹?₁₂ cartload of wool & for smaller divisions): wey
• (¹?₃₀ cartload of lead & for smaller divisions): fotmal
• (¹?₃₆ cartload of straw or hay & for smaller divisions): truss

Derived terms

• see Category:English words derived from: load (noun)

Translations

Verb

load (third-person singular simple present loads, present participle loading, simple past loaded, past participle loaded or (archaic) loaden)

1. (transitive) To put a load on or in (a means of conveyance or a place of storage).

2. (transitive) To place in or on a conveyance or a place of storage.

3. (intransitive) To put a load on something.

4. (intransitive) To receive a load.

5. (intransitive) To be placed into storage or conveyance.

6. (transitive) To fill (a firearm or artillery) with munition.

7. (transitive) To insert (an item or items) into an apparatus so as to ready it for operation, such as a reel of film into a camera, sheets of paper into a printer etc.

8. (transitive) To fill (an apparatus) with raw material.

9. (intransitive) To be put into use in an apparatus.}}

10. (transitive, computing) To read (data or a program) from a storage medium into computer memory.

11. (intransitive, computing) To transfer from a storage medium into computer memory.

12. (transitive, baseball) To put runners on first, second and third bases

13. (transitive) To tamper with so as to produce a biased outcome.

14. (transitive) To ask or adapt a question so that it will be more likely to be answered in a certain way.
15. (transitive) To encumber with something negative, to place as an encumbrance.

16. (transitive) To provide in abundance.

17. (transitive) To weight (a cane, whip, etc.) with lead or similar.
18. (transitive, archaic, slang) To adulterate or drug.

19. (transitive, archaic) To magnetize.

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Derived terms

• See Category:English words derived from: load (verb)
• carbo-load
• load up
• reload

Translations

References

Anagrams

• -adol, -adol-, Aldo, alod, odal

Cebuano

Etymology

Borrowed from English load.

Noun

load

1. prepaid phone credit

Verb

load

1. to top up or purchase phone credits

Estonian

Noun

load

1. nominative plural of luba

Spanish

Verb

load

1. (Spain) Informal second-person plural (vosotros or vosotras) affirmative imperative form of loar.