different between subsistence vs forage

English

Etymology

From Late Latin subsistentia (“substance, reality, in Medieval Latin also stability”), from Latin subsistens, present participle of subsistere (“to continue, subsist”). See subsist.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /s?b?s?st?ns/

Noun

subsistence (countable and uncountable, plural subsistences)

1. Real being; existence.
   • (Can we date this quote by Stillingfleet and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     Not only the things had subsistence, but the very images were of some creatures existing.

2. The act of maintaining oneself at a minimum level.
3. Inherency.

4. Something (food, water, money, etc.) that is required to stay alive.
   • (Can we date this quote by Addison and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     His viceroy could only propose to himself a comfortable subsistence out of the plunder of his province.

5. (theology) Embodiment or personification or hypostasis of an underlying principle or quality.

Synonyms

• (real being): See also Thesaurus:existence
• (something required to stay alive): sustenance
• (theology): hypostasis

Related terms

• subsist
• subsistent
• subsistence economy

Translations

Further reading

• subsistence in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• subsistence in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

English

Etymology

From Middle English forage, from Old French fourage, forage, a derivative of fuerre (“fodder, straw”), of Germanic origin, from Frankish *f?dar (“fodder, sheath”), from Proto-Germanic *f?dr? (“fodder, feed, sheath”), from Proto-Indo-European *patrom (“fodder”), *pat- (“to feed”), *p?y- (“to guard, graze, feed”). Cognate with Old High German fuotar (German Futter (“fodder, feed”)), Old English f?dor, f?þor (“food, fodder, covering, case, basket”), Dutch voeder (“forage, food, feed”), Danish foder (“fodder, feed”), Icelandic fóðr (“fodder, sheath”). More at fodder, food.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?f??.?d??/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?f???d??/
• (NYC, Ireland) IPA^(key): /?f???d??/
• Rhymes: -???d?

Noun

forage (countable and uncountable, plural forages)

1. Fodder for animals, especially cattle and horses.
   • 1819, Sir Walter Scott, Ivanhoe:^[1]

     “The hermit was apparently somewhat moved to compassion by the anxiety as well as address which the stranger displayed in tending his horse; for, muttering something about provender left for the keeper's palfrey, he dragged out of a recess a bundle of forage, which he spread before the knight's charger.

   • To invade the corn, and to their cells convey
     The plundered forage of their yellow prey

2. An act or instance of foraging.
   • 1803, John Marshall, The Life of George Washington

     Mawhood completed his forage unmolested.

   • 1860 September, “A Chapter on Rats”, in The Knickerbocker, volume 56, number 3, page 304:

     ‘My dears,’ he discourses to them — how he licks his gums, long toothless, as he speaks of his forages into the well-stored cellars: […]

3. (obsolete) The demand for fodder etc by an army from the local population

Translations

Further reading

• Forage on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Forage in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

Verb

forage (third-person singular simple present forages, present participle foraging, simple past and past participle foraged)

1. To search for and gather food for animals, particularly cattle and horses.
   • 1841, James Fenimore Cooper, The Deerslayer, Chapter 8:

     The message said that the party intended to hunt and forage through this region, for a month or two, afore it went back into the Canadas.

2. To rampage through, gathering and destroying as one goes.
   • 1599, William Shakespeare, Henry V, Act 1, Scene 2:

     And your great-uncle's, Edward the Black Prince, / Who on the French ground play'd a tragedy, / Making defeat on the full power of France, / Whiles his most mighty father on a hill / Stood smiling to behold his lion's whelp / Forage in blood of French nobility.

3. To rummage.
4. Of an animal: to seek out and eat food.

Derived terms

• forager

Translations

French

Etymology

From forer +? -age

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /f?.?a?/

Noun

forage m (plural forages)

1. drilling (act of drilling)

Derived terms

Further reading

• “forage” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Middle English

Alternative forms

• fforage

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French fourage; the first element is cognate to fodder.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /f???ra?d?(?)/, /f??ra?d?(?)/

Noun

forage (uncountable)

1. forage (especially dry)

Descendants

• English: forage

References

• “f??r??e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-10-17.