different between struggle vs crusade
struggle
English
Alternative forms
- stroggell, strogell (obsolete)
Etymology
From Middle English struglen, stroglen, strogelen, of obscure origin. Cognate with Scots strugil (“to struggle, grapple, contend”). Perhaps from a variant of *strokelen, *stroukelen (> English stroll), from Middle Dutch struyckelen ("to stumble, trip, falter"; > Modern Dutch struikelen), the frequentative form of Old Dutch *str?kon (“to stumble”), from Proto-Germanic *str?k?n?, *str?k?n? (“to be stiff”), from Proto-Indo-European *strug-, *ster- (“to be stiff; to bristle, strut, stumble, fall”), related to Middle Low German strûkelen ("to stumble"; > Low German strükeln), Old High German str?hh?n, str?hh?n ("to stumble, trip, tumble, go astray"; > German strauchen, straucheln).
Alternative etymology derives the base of struggle from Old Norse strúgr (“arrogance, pride, spitefulness, ill-will”) + -le (frequentative suffix), from Proto-Germanic *str?kaz (“stiff, rigid”), ultimately from the same Proto-Indo-European root above, which would make it cognate with dialectal Swedish strug (“contention, strife, discord”), Norwegian stru (“obstinate, unruly”), Danish struende (“reluctantly”), Scots strug (“difficulty, perplexity, a laborious task”).
Pronunciation
- (UK, US) IPA(key): /?str???l/, [?st???l?]
- Hyphenation: strug?gle
- Rhymes: -???l
Noun
struggle (plural struggles)
- A contortion of the body in an attempt to escape or to perform a difficult task.
- (figuratively) Strife, contention, great effort.
Derived terms
- class struggle
- power struggle
Translations
Verb
struggle (third-person singular simple present struggles, present participle struggling, simple past and past participle struggled)
- To strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight (for or against), to contend.
- To strive, or to make efforts, with a twisting, or with contortions of the body.
Usage notes
- This is a catenative verb that takes the to infinitive. See Appendix:English catenative verbs
Translations
Anagrams
- gurglets
struggle From the web:
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crusade
English
Alternative forms
- (medieval history): Crusade
Etymology
From French croisade, introduced in English (in the French spelling) by 1575. The modern spelling emerges c. 1760,. Middle French croisade is introduced in the 15th century, based on Spanish cruzada (late 14th century) and Old Occitan crozada (early 13th century), both reflecting Medieval Latin cruci?ta, cruxiata, the feminine singular of the adjective cruci?tus used as an abstract noun.
Adjectival cruci?tus originally meant "tormented; crucified", but from the 12th century was also used for "marked with a cross; making the sign of the cross" and eventually "taking the cross" in the sense of "going on a crusade".
Old Occitan crozada is used in the sense "[the Albigensian] crusade" in the Song of the Albigensian crusade, written c. 1213. From vernacular usage, Middle Latin cruci?ta also comes to be used in the sense "crusade" from about 1270.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /k?u??se?d/
- Rhymes: -e?d
Noun
crusade (plural crusades)
- (historical) Any of the military expeditions undertaken by the Christians of Europe in the 11th to 13th centuries to reconquer the Levant from the Muslims.
- During the crusades, many Muslims and Christians and Jews were slaughtered.
- Any war instigated and blessed by the Church for alleged religious ends. Especially, papal sanctioned military campaigns against infidels or heretics.
- (figuratively) A grand concerted effort toward some purportedly worthy cause.
- a crusade against drug abuse
- (politics, Protestantism, dated) A mass gathering in a political campaign or during a religious revival effort.
- (archaic) A Portuguese coin; a crusado.
Derived terms
- crusader
Related terms
Translations
Verb
crusade (third-person singular simple present crusades, present participle crusading, simple past and past participle crusaded)
- (intransitive) To go on a military crusade.
- (intransitive) To make a grand concerted effort toward some purportedly worthy cause.
- He crusaded against similar injustices for the rest of his life.
Translations
See also
- holy war
- jihad
References
- AskOxford.com
Further reading
- crusade in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- crusade in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
- Douglas Harper (2001–2021) , “crusade”, in Online Etymology Dictionary
crusade From the web:
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