different between stress vs necessity

English

Etymology

From a shortening of Middle English destresse, borrowed from Old French destrecier, from Latin distring? (“to stretch out”). This form probably coalesced with Middle English stresse, from Old French estrece (“narrowness”), from Vulgar Latin *strictia, from Latin strictus (“narrow”).

In the sense of "mental strain" or “disruption”, used occasionally in the 1920s and 1930s by psychologists, including Walter Cannon (1934); in “biological threat”, used by endocrinologist Hans Selye, by metaphor with stress in physics (force on an object) in the 1930s, and popularized by same in the 1950s.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /st??s/
• Rhymes: -?s

Noun

stress (countable and uncountable, plural stresses)

1. (biology) A physical, chemical, infective agent aggressing an organism.
2. (biology) Aggression toward an organism resulting in a response in an attempt to restore previous conditions.
3. (countable, physics) The internal distribution of force across a small boundary per unit area of that boundary (pressure) within a body. It causes strain or deformation and is typically symbolised by ? or ?.
4. (countable, physics) Force externally applied to a body which cause internal stress within the body.
5. (uncountable) Emotional pressure suffered by a human being or other animal.

6. (uncountable, phonetics) The emphasis placed on a syllable of a word.

7. (uncountable) Emphasis placed on words in speaking.
8. (uncountable) Emphasis placed on a particular point in an argument or discussion (whether spoken or written).
9. Obsolete form of distress.
10. (Scotland, law) distress; the act of distraining; also, the thing distrained.

Synonyms

• (phonetics): accent, emphasis
• (on words in speaking): emphasis
• (on a point): emphasis

Derived terms

• stress deafness
• stress-free, stressfree
• stressful
• stresswise

Translations

Verb

stress (third-person singular simple present stresses, present participle stressing, simple past and past participle stressed)

1. (transitive) To apply force to (a body or structure) causing strain.
2. (transitive) To apply emotional pressure to (a person or animal).
3. (intransitive, informal) To suffer stress; to worry or be agitated.
4. (transitive) To emphasise (a syllable of a word).

5. (transitive) To emphasise (words in speaking).
6. (transitive) To emphasise (a point) in an argument or discussion.

Synonyms

• (phonetics): emphasise/emphasize
• (on words in speaking): emphasise/emphasize
• (on a point): emphasise/emphasize, underline

Derived terms

• de-stress, destress
• stressed
• stress out

Translations

References

Related terms

• strain
• strait
• strict
• stringent
• stringency

Danish

Etymology

Borrowed from English stress.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?sd???s], [?sd??as], [?sd???s]

Noun

stress c or n (singular definite stressen or stresset, not used in plural)

1. stress

Derived terms

• stresse (verb)
• stresset (adjective)

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English stress.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -?s

Noun

stress m (uncountable)

1. stress

Derived terms

• stressen (“to be stressed”)
• stresskip
• stresskonijn

French

Etymology

Borrowed from English stress.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /st??s/

Noun

stress m (uncountable)

1. stress (emotional pressure)

Derived terms

• stresser

Further reading

• “stress” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Icelandic

Etymology

Borrowed from English stress.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /str?s?/
• Rhymes: -?s?

Noun

stress n (genitive singular stress, no plural)

1. stress

Declension

Related terms

• stressa
• stressaður

Indonesian

Noun

stress (first-person possessive stressku, second-person possessive stressmu, third-person possessive stressnya)

1. Nonstandard spelling of stres.

Adjective

stress (plural stress-stress)

1. Nonstandard spelling of stres.

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from English stress.

Noun

stress m (invariable)

1. stress

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Borrowed from English stress.

Verb

stress

1. imperative of stresse

Portuguese

Noun

stress m (plural stresses)

1. Alternative form of estresse

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from English stress.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /es?t?es/, [es?t??es]

Noun

stress m (plural stresses)

1. stress

   Synonym: estrés

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from English stress.

Noun

stress c (uncountable)

1. stress

Declension

English

Etymology

From Middle English necessite, from Old French necessite, from Latin necessit?s (“unavoidableness, compulsion, exigency, necessity”), from necesse (“unavoidable, inevitable”); see necessary.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n??s?s?ti/

Noun

necessity (countable and uncountable, plural necessities)

2. The quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite.
3. The condition of being needy; desperate need; lack.
   • 1863, Richard Sibbes, The Successful Seeker, in The Complete Works of Richard Sibbes, D.D., Volume VI, James Nichol, page 125,

     For it is in vain for a man to think to seek God in his necessity and exigence, if he seek not God in his ordinances, and do not joy in them.

4. Something necessary; a requisite; something indispensable.
   • 20th century, Tenzin Gyatso (attributed)

     Love and compassion are necessities, not luxuries. Without them humanity cannot survive.

5. Something which makes an act or an event unavoidable; an irresistible force; overruling power.
   • 1804, Wordsworth, The Small Celandine

     I stopped, and said with inly muttered voice,

     'It doth not love the shower, nor seek the cold:

     This neither is its courage nor its choice,

     But its necessity in being old.

6. The negation of freedom in voluntary action; the subjection of all phenomena, whether material or spiritual, to inevitable causation; necessitarianism. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
7. (law) Greater utilitarian good; used in justification of a criminal act.

8. (law, in the plural) Indispensable requirements (of life).

Synonyms

• (state of being necessary): inevitability, certainty

Antonyms

• (state of being necessary): impossibility, contingency
• (something indispensable): luxury

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Further reading

• necessity in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• necessity in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• cysteines