different between strain vs trouble
strain
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /st?e??n/
- Rhymes: -e?n
Etymology 1
From Middle English streen, strene, streon, istreon (“race, stock, generation”), from Old English str?on, ?estr?on (“gain, wealth”), from Proto-Germanic *streun? (“heap, treasure, profit, gain”), from Proto-Indo-European *strew- (“to spread, strew”) (cognate with Old Saxon gistriuni, Old High German gistriuni (“gain, property, wealth, business”), Latin strues (“heap”)). Confused in Middle English with the related noun strend, strynd, strund, from Old English str?nd (“race; stock”), from str?onan, str?nan (“to beget; acquire”). Related also to Dutch struinen (“to prowl, root about, rout”).
Noun
strain (plural strains)
- (archaic) Race; lineage, pedigree.
- (biology) A particular variety of a microbe, virus, or other organism, usually a taxonomically infraspecific one.
- (figuratively) Hereditary character, quality, tendency, or disposition.
- Synonyms: propensity, proneness
- a. 1694, John Tillotson, The Advantages of Religion to Societies
- Intemperance and lust breed diseases, which being propogated, spoil the strain of a nation.
- (music, poetry) Any sustained note or movement; a song; a distinct portion of an ode or other poem; also, the pervading note, or burden, of a song, poem, etc.
- Synonyms: theme, motive, manner, style
- Language that is eloquent, poetic, or otherwise heightened.
- (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)
- (rare) A kind or sort (of person etc.).
- (obsolete) Treasure.
- (obsolete) The blood-vessel in the yolk of an egg.
Translations
Related terms
- strew
Etymology 2
From Middle English straynen, streinen, streynen, from Old French estreindre (whence French étreindre (“to grip”)), from Latin stringere (“to draw tight together, to tie”).
Verb
strain (third-person singular simple present strains, present participle straining, simple past and past participle strained)
- (obsolete) To hold tightly, to clasp.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.ii:
- So hauing said, her twixt her armes twaine / She straightly straynd, and colled tenderly [...].
- Evander with a close embrace / Strained his departing friend.
- 1859, Ferna Vale, Natalie; or, A Gem Among the Sea-Weeds
- "Farewell!"—the mother strained her child to her heart again, and again put her from her, to embrace her more closely.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.ii:
- To apply a force or forces to by stretching out.
- to strain a rope; to strain the shrouds of a ship
- Relations between the United States and Guatemala traditionally have been close, although at times strained by human rights and civil/military issues.
- To damage by drawing, stretching, or the exertion of force.
- The gale strained the timbers of the ship.
- To act upon, in any way, so as to cause change of form or volume, as when bending a beam.
- To exert or struggle (to do something), especially to stretch (one's senses, faculties etc.) beyond what is normal or comfortable.
- Sitting in back, I strained to hear the speaker.
- They strain their warbling throats / To welcome in the spring.
- 1898, J. Meade Falkner, Moonfleet Chapter 4
- Thus my plight was evil indeed, for I had nothing now to burn to give me light, and knew that 'twas no use setting to grout till I could see to go about it. Moreover, the darkness was of that black kind that is never found beneath the open sky, no, not even on the darkest night, but lurks in close and covered places and strains the eyes in trying to see into it.
- To stretch beyond its proper limit; to do violence to, in terms of intent or meaning.
- to strain the law in order to convict an accused person
- 1724, Jonathan Swift, Drapier's Letters, 4
- There can be no other meaning in this expression, however some may pretend to strain it.
- (transitive) To separate solid from liquid by passing through a strainer or colander
- (intransitive) To percolate; to be filtered.
- water straining through a sandy soil
- To make uneasy or unnatural; to produce with apparent effort; to force; to constrain.
- 1641, John Denham, The Sophy
- [He] Still talks and plays with Fatima, but his mirth / Is forc'd and strained.
- 1641, John Denham, The Sophy
- To urge with importunity; to press.
- to strain a petition or invitation
- (transitive) hug somebody; to hold somebody tightly.
Derived terms
- strain every nerve
Translations
Noun
strain (countable and uncountable, plural strains)
- The act of straining, or the state of being strained.
- 1832, Charles Stewart Drewry (A.M.I.C.E.), A memoir on suspension bridges, page 183:
- If the Menai Bridge, for instance, were loaded at that rate, the entire strain on the main chains would be about 2000 tons ; while the chains containing 260 square inches of iron would bear, at 9 tons per square inch, 2340 tons, without stretching ...
- 2004, Sanjay Shrivastava, Medical Device Materials: Proceedings from the Materials & Processes for Medical Devices Conference 2003, 8-10 September 2003, Anaheim, California, ASM International (?ISBN), page 176:
- Therefore, the goal of this study is to assess the influence of strain on the corrosion resistance of passivated Nitinol and stainless steel implant materials. Materials and Methods Nitinol (50.8%at. Ni) wire (NDC, Fremont, CA) and 316L stainless ...
- 1832, Charles Stewart Drewry (A.M.I.C.E.), A memoir on suspension bridges, page 183:
- A violent effort; an excessive and hurtful exertion or tension, as of the muscles.
- An injury resulting from violent effort; a sprain.
- (uncountable, engineering) A dimensionless measure of object deformation either referring to engineering strain or true strain.
- (obsolete) The track of a deer.
- 1624, John Smith, Generall Historie, in Kupperman 1988, p. 145:
- When they have shot a Deere by land, they follow him like bloud-hounds by the bloud, and straine, and oftentimes so take them.
- 1624, John Smith, Generall Historie, in Kupperman 1988, p. 145:
Derived terms
- breaking strain
Translations
Related terms
- stress
- strict
- stringent
Etymology 3
From Middle English strenen (“to beget, father, procreate”), from Old English str?onan, str?enan, str?nan (“to beget, generate, gain, acquire”), from Proto-Germanic *striunijan? (“to furnish, decorate, acquire”).
Verb
strain (third-person singular simple present strains, present participle straining, simple past and past participle strained)
- (obsolete) To beget, generate (of light), engender, copulate (both of animals and humans), lie with, be born, come into the world.
Anagrams
- Sartin, Tarins, Trains, atrins, instar, santir, sartin, starin', tairns, tarins, trains
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trouble
English
Etymology
Verb is from Middle English troublen, trublen, turblen, troblen, borrowed from Old French troubler, trobler, trubler, metathetic variants of tourbler, torbler, turbler, from Vulgar Latin *turbul?re, from Latin turbula (“disorderly group, a little crowd or people”), diminutive of turba (“stir; crowd”). The noun is from Middle English truble, troble, from Old French troble, from the verb.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: tr?b??l; IPA(key): /?t??b(?)l/
- (General American) IPA(key): /?t??b(?)l/, /?t??-/
- Rhymes: -?b?l
- Hyphenation: trou?ble
Noun
trouble (countable and uncountable, plural troubles)
- A distressing or dangerous situation.
- A difficulty, problem, condition, or action contributing to such a situation.
- A violent occurrence or event.
- Efforts taken or expended, typically beyond the normal required.
- 1850, William Cullen Bryant, Letters of a Traveller
- She never took the trouble to close them.
- 1881, Robert Louis Stevenson, Virginibus Puerisque:
- Indeed, by the report of our elders, this nervous preparation for old age is only trouble thrown away.
- 1850, William Cullen Bryant, Letters of a Traveller
- A malfunction.
- Liability to punishment; conflict with authority.
- (mining) A fault or interruption in a stratum.
- (Cockney rhyming slang) Wife. Clipping of trouble and strife.
Usage notes
- Verbs often used with "trouble": make, spell, stir up, ask for, etc.
Synonyms
- See also Thesaurus:difficult situation
Derived terms
Translations
See also
- Appendix:Collocations of do, have, make, and take for uses and meaning of trouble collocated with these words.
Verb
trouble (third-person singular simple present troubles, present participle troubling, simple past and past participle troubled)
- (transitive, now rare) To disturb, stir up, agitate (a medium, especially water).
- (transitive) To mentally distress; to cause (someone) to be anxious or perplexed.
- What she said about narcissism is troubling me.
- (transitive) In weaker sense: to bother or inconvenience.
- I will not trouble you to deliver the letter.
- (reflexive or intransitive) To take pains to do something.
- I won't trouble to post the letter today; I can do it tomorrow.
- (intransitive) To worry; to be anxious.
- 1946, Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, I.26:
- Why trouble about the future? It is wholly uncertain.
- 1946, Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, I.26:
Related terms
- turbid
- turbulent
Translations
Further reading
- trouble in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- trouble in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Anagrams
- -buterol, Boulter, boulter
French
Etymology 1
Deverbal of troubler or from Old French troble.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t?ubl/
Noun
trouble m (plural troubles)
- trouble
- (medicine) disorder
Derived terms
- trouble de la personnalité
- trouble obsessionnel compulsif
Verb
trouble
- first-person singular present indicative of troubler
- third-person singular present indicative of troubler
- first-person singular present subjunctive of troubler
- third-person singular present subjunctive of troubler
- second-person singular imperative of troubler
Etymology 2
From Old French troble, probably from a Vulgar Latin *turbulus (with metathesis), itself perhaps an alteration of Latin turbidus with influence from turbulentus; cf. also turbula. Compare Catalan tèrbol, Romanian tulbure.
Adjective
trouble (plural troubles)
- (of a liquid) murky, turbid, muddy, thick, clouded, cloudy; not clear
Derived terms
- pêcher en eau trouble
Further reading
- “trouble” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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