different between strain vs tribulation

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /st?e??n/
• Rhymes: -e?n

Etymology 1

From Middle English streen, strene, streon, istreon (“race, stock, generation”), from Old English str?on, ?estr?on (“gain, wealth”), from Proto-Germanic *streun? (“heap, treasure, profit, gain”), from Proto-Indo-European *strew- (“to spread, strew”) (cognate with Old Saxon gistriuni, Old High German gistriuni (“gain, property, wealth, business”), Latin strues (“heap”)). Confused in Middle English with the related noun strend, strynd, strund, from Old English str?nd (“race; stock”), from str?onan, str?nan (“to beget; acquire”). Related also to Dutch struinen (“to prowl, root about, rout”).

Noun

strain (plural strains)

1. (archaic) Race; lineage, pedigree.
2. (biology) A particular variety of a microbe, virus, or other organism, usually a taxonomically infraspecific one.
3. (figuratively) Hereditary character, quality, tendency, or disposition.

   Synonyms: propensity, proneness

   • a. 1694, John Tillotson, The Advantages of Religion to Societies

     Intemperance and lust breed diseases, which being propogated, spoil the strain of a nation.

4. (music, poetry) Any sustained note or movement; a song; a distinct portion of an ode or other poem; also, the pervading note, or burden, of a song, poem, etc.

   Synonyms: theme, motive, manner, style

5. Language that is eloquent, poetic, or otherwise heightened.

   (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

6. (rare) A kind or sort (of person etc.).
7. (obsolete) Treasure.
8. (obsolete) The blood-vessel in the yolk of an egg.

Translations

Related terms

• strew

Etymology 2

From Middle English straynen, streinen, streynen, from Old French estreindre (whence French étreindre (“to grip”)), from Latin stringere (“to draw tight together, to tie”).

Verb

strain (third-person singular simple present strains, present participle straining, simple past and past participle strained)

1. (obsolete) To hold tightly, to clasp.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.ii:

     So hauing said, her twixt her armes twaine / She straightly straynd, and colled tenderly [...].

   • Evander with a close embrace / Strained his departing friend.

   • 1859, Ferna Vale, Natalie; or, A Gem Among the Sea-Weeds

     "Farewell!"—the mother strained her child to her heart again, and again put her from her, to embrace her more closely.

2. To apply a force or forces to by stretching out.

   to strain a rope; to strain the shrouds of a ship

   Relations between the United States and Guatemala traditionally have been close, although at times strained by human rights and civil/military issues.

3. To damage by drawing, stretching, or the exertion of force.

   The gale strained the timbers of the ship.

4. To act upon, in any way, so as to cause change of form or volume, as when bending a beam.
5. To exert or struggle (to do something), especially to stretch (one's senses, faculties etc.) beyond what is normal or comfortable.

   Sitting in back, I strained to hear the speaker.

   • They strain their warbling throats / To welcome in the spring.

   • 1898, J. Meade Falkner, Moonfleet Chapter 4

     Thus my plight was evil indeed, for I had nothing now to burn to give me light, and knew that 'twas no use setting to grout till I could see to go about it. Moreover, the darkness was of that black kind that is never found beneath the open sky, no, not even on the darkest night, but lurks in close and covered places and strains the eyes in trying to see into it.

6. To stretch beyond its proper limit; to do violence to, in terms of intent or meaning.

   to strain the law in order to convict an accused person

   • 1724, Jonathan Swift, Drapier's Letters, 4

     There can be no other meaning in this expression, however some may pretend to strain it.

7. (transitive) To separate solid from liquid by passing through a strainer or colander
8. (intransitive) To percolate; to be filtered.

   water straining through a sandy soil

9. To make uneasy or unnatural; to produce with apparent effort; to force; to constrain.
   • 1641, John Denham, The Sophy

     [He] Still talks and plays with Fatima, but his mirth / Is forc'd and strained.
10. To urge with importunity; to press.

    to strain a petition or invitation
11. (transitive) hug somebody; to hold somebody tightly.

Derived terms

• strain every nerve

Translations

Noun

strain (countable and uncountable, plural strains)

1. The act of straining, or the state of being strained.
   • 1832, Charles Stewart Drewry (A.M.I.C.E.), A memoir on suspension bridges, page 183:

     If the Menai Bridge, for instance, were loaded at that rate, the entire strain on the main chains would be about 2000 tons ; while the chains containing 260 square inches of iron would bear, at 9 tons per square inch, 2340 tons, without stretching  ...

   • 2004, Sanjay Shrivastava, Medical Device Materials: Proceedings from the Materials & Processes for Medical Devices Conference 2003, 8-10 September 2003, Anaheim, California, ASM International (?ISBN), page 176:

     Therefore, the goal of this study is to assess the influence of strain on the corrosion resistance of passivated Nitinol and stainless steel implant materials. Materials and Methods Nitinol (50.8%at. Ni) wire (NDC, Fremont, CA) and 316L stainless ...

2. A violent effort; an excessive and hurtful exertion or tension, as of the muscles.

3. An injury resulting from violent effort; a sprain.
4. (uncountable, engineering) A dimensionless measure of object deformation either referring to engineering strain or true strain.
5. (obsolete) The track of a deer.
   • 1624, John Smith, Generall Historie, in Kupperman 1988, p. 145:

     When they have shot a Deere by land, they follow him like bloud-hounds by the bloud, and straine, and oftentimes so take them.

Derived terms

• breaking strain

Translations

Related terms

• stress
• strict
• stringent

Etymology 3

From Middle English strenen (“to beget, father, procreate”), from Old English str?onan, str?enan, str?nan (“to beget, generate, gain, acquire”), from Proto-Germanic *striunijan? (“to furnish, decorate, acquire”).

Verb

strain (third-person singular simple present strains, present participle straining, simple past and past participle strained)

1. (obsolete) To beget, generate (of light), engender, copulate (both of animals and humans), lie with, be born, come into the world.

Anagrams

• Sartin, Tarins, Trains, atrins, instar, santir, sartin, starin', tairns, tarins, trains

English

Etymology

From Middle English tribulation, from Old French tribulacion, from Late Latin tr?bul?ti? (“distress, trouble, tribulation, affliction”), from Latin tribul?re (“to press, probably also thresh out grain”), from tr?bulum (“a sledge consisting of a wooden block studded with sharp pieces of flint or with iron teeth, used for threshing grain”), from ter?re (“to rub”); see trite.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?t??bj??le????n/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?t??bj??le????n/
• Rhymes: -e???n
• Hyphenation: tri?bu?la?tion

Noun

tribulation (plural tribulations)

1. Any adversity; a trying period or event.
   • 1534, Thomas More, chapter VI, in A Dialoge of Comfort against Tribulacion, Made by Syr Thomas More Knyght, and Set Foorth by the Name of an H?gari?, not before this Time Imprinted. B.L., London: In aedibus Richardi Totteli, published 1553, OCLC 503798044; republished as “It Sufficeth not that a Man Have a Desire to be Comforted by God only by the Taking Away of the Tribulation”, in A Dialogue of Comfort against Tribulation, Made by the Right Virtuous, Wise and Learned Man, Sir Thomas More, sometime Lord Chancellor of England, which He Wrote in the Town of London, A.D. 1534, and entitled thus: A Dialogue of Comfort against Tribulation, made by an Hungarian in Latin, and Translated out of Latin into French, and out of French into English now Newly Set Forth with Many Places Restored and Corrected. Now Newly Set Forth, with Many Places Restored and Corrected by Conference of Sundry Copies. (English Catholic Library; 3), London: Charles Dolman, 61, New Bond Street, 1847, OCLC 499142813, page 23:

     What wit have we (poor fools) to wit what will serve us, when the blessed Apostle himself in his sore tribulation, praying thrice unto God to take it away from him, was answered again by God in a manner that he was but a fool in asking that request, but that the help of God's grace in that tribulation to strengthen him was far better for him, than to take that tribulation from him?

   • 1611, King James Version, Romans 12:12:

     Rejoicing in hope; patient in tribulation; continuing instant in prayer

   • 1847, Herman Melville, chapter XI, in Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, Publishers; London, John Murray, OCLC 4988695; republished as “Doctor Long Ghost a Wag—One of His Capers”, in Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas, 6th edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, Publishers 329 & 331 Pearl Street, Franklin Square, 1852, OCLC 22323804, page 62:

     Baltimore's tribulations were indeed sore; there was no peace for him day nor night.

   • 1944 June 27, Herbert Hoover, speech in Chicago, Illinois, to the 23rd Republican National Convention; quoted in Linda Carol Harms Case, Bold Beliefs in Camouflage: A–Z Briefings: A Valuable Resource Highlighting an Extraordinary Collection of Prayers, Military Quotations, Scripture Verses, Bible Stories, Hymns, and Testimonies, Relevant to Core Values and Keywords Used by Chaplains, Leaders, Veterans, and Other Members of the American Armed Forces, Victoria, B.C.; Neche, N.D.: FriesenPress, January 2013, ISBN 978-1-77097-632-0, page 203:

     Older men declare war. But it is the youth that must fight and die. It is youth who must inherit the tribulation, the sorrow and the triumphs that are the aftermath of war.

Derived terms

• tribulate

Translations

Further reading

• tribulation in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• tribulation in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin tribulatio, tribulationem, from Latin tribulo.

Pronunciation

Noun

tribulation f (plural tribulations)

1. tribulation