different between stop vs retard
stop
Translingual
Etymology
From English full stop
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [?st?p]
Noun
stop
- Code word for a full stop in the NATO/ICAO spelling alphabet
References
English
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: st?p, IPA(key): /st?p/
- (General American) enPR: stäp, IPA(key): /st?p/
- Rhymes: -?p
Etymology 1
From Middle English stoppen, stoppien, from Old English stoppian (“to stop, close”), from Proto-West Germanic *stupp?n, from Proto-Germanic *stupp?n? (“to stop, close”), *stuppijan? (“to push, pierce, prick”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-, *(s)tewb- (“to push; stick”), from *(s)tew- (“to bump; impact; butt; push; beat; strike; hit”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian stopje (“to stop, block”), West Frisian stopje (“to stop”), Dutch stoppen (“to stop”), Low German stoppen (“to stop”), German stopfen (“to be filling, stuff”), German stoppen (“to stop”), Danish stoppe (“to stop”), Swedish stoppa (“to stop”), Icelandic stoppa (“to stop”), Middle High German stupfen, stüpfen (“to pierce”). More at stuff, stump.
Alternate etymology derives Proto-Germanic *stupp?n? from an assumed Vulgar Latin *st?p?re, *stupp?re (“to stop up with tow”), from st?pa, st?pa, stuppa (“tow, flax, oakum”), from Ancient Greek ????? (stúp?), ?????? (stúpp?, “tow, flax, oakum”). This derivation, however, is doubtful, as the earliest instances of the Germanic verb do not carry the meaning of "stuff, stop with tow". Rather, these senses developed later in response to influence from similar sounding words in Latin and Romance.
Verb
stop (third-person singular simple present stops, present participle stopping, simple past and past participle stopped)
- (intransitive) To cease moving.
- (intransitive) To not continue.
- (transitive) To cause (something) to cease moving or progressing.
- (transitive) To cease; to no longer continue (doing something).
- (transitive) To cause (something) to come to an end.
- (transitive) To close or block an opening.
- (transitive, intransitive, photography, often with "up" or "down") To adjust the aperture of a camera lens.
- (intransitive) To stay; to spend a short time; to reside or tarry temporarily.
- 1887, R. D. Blackmore, Springhaven
- by stopping at home till the money was gone
- 1931, E. F. Benson, Mapp & Lucia, chapter 7
- She’s not going away. She’s going to stop here forever.
- 1887, R. D. Blackmore, Springhaven
- (music) To regulate the sounds of (musical strings, etc.) by pressing them against the fingerboard with the finger, or otherwise shortening the vibrating part.
- (obsolete) To punctuate.
- if his sentences were properly stopped
- (nautical) To make fast; to stopper.
- (phonetics, transitive) To pronounce (a phoneme) as a stop.
- th-stopping
Conjugation
Usage notes
- This is a catenative verb that takes the gerund (-ing) to indicate the ending action, or the to infinitive to indicate the purpose of the interruption. See Appendix:English catenative verbs for more information.
Synonyms
- (to cease moving): brake, desist, halt; See also Thesaurus:stop
- (to not continue): blin, cease, desist, discontinue, halt, terminate; See also Thesaurus:desist
- (to cause to cease moving): arrest, freeze, halt; See also Thesaurus:immobilize
- (to cause to come to an end): blin, cancel, cease, discontinue, halt, terminate; See also Thesaurus:end
- (to tarry): hang about, hang around, linger, loiter, pause; See also Thesaurus:tarry
- (to reside temporarily): lodge, stop over; See also Thesaurus:sojourn
Antonyms
- (to cease moving): continue, go, move, proceed
- (to not continue): continue, proceed
- (to cause to cease moving): continue, move
- (to cause to come to an end): continue, move
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Related terms
- the buck stops here
Descendants
- ? Finnish: stop
- ? French: stop
- ? Hungarian: stop
- ? Irish: stop
- ? Italian: stop
- ? Latvian: stop
- ? Polish: stop
- ? Portuguese: stop
- ? Russian: ???? (stop)
- ? Spanish: stop
- ? Welsh: stopio
Translations
Noun
stop (plural stops)
- A (usually marked) place where buses, trams or trains halt to let passengers get on and off, usually smaller than a station.
- Related terms: halt, station.
- An action of stopping; interruption of travel.
- 1722, Daniel Defoe, Journal of the Plague Year
- It is […] doubtful […] whether it contributed anything to the stop of the infection.
- Occult qualities put a stop to the improvement of natural philosophy.
- It is a great step toward the mastery of our desires to give this stop to them.
- 1722, Daniel Defoe, Journal of the Plague Year
- That which stops, impedes, or obstructs; an obstacle; an impediment.
- A fatal stop trauerst their headlong course
- a. 1729, John Rogers, The Advantages of conversing with good Men
- So melancholy a prospect should inspire us with zeal to oppose some stop to the rising torrent.
- A device intended to block the path of a moving object
- (engineering) A device, or piece, as a pin, block, pawl, etc., for arresting or limiting motion, or for determining the position to which another part shall be brought.
- (architecture) A member, plain or moulded, formed of a separate piece and fixed to a jamb, against which a door or window shuts.
- (linguistics) A consonant sound in which the passage of air through the mouth is temporarily blocked by the lips, tongue, or glottis.
- Synonyms: plosive, occlusive
- A symbol used for purposes of punctuation and representing a pause or separating clauses, particularly a full stop, comma, colon or semicolon.
- (music) A knob or pin used to regulate the flow of air in an organ.
- (music) One of the vent-holes in a wind instrument, or the place on the wire of a stringed instrument, by the stopping or pressing of which certain notes are produced.
- (tennis) A very short shot which touches the ground close behind the net and is intended to bounce as little as possible.
- (soccer) A save; preventing the opposition from scoring a goal
- (zoology) The depression in a dog’s face between the skull and the nasal bones.
- (photography) A part of a photographic system that reduces the amount of light.
- (photography) A unit of exposure corresponding to a doubling of the brightness of an image.
- (photography) An f-stop.
- The diaphragm used in optical instruments to cut off the marginal portions of a beam of light passing through lenses.
- (fencing) A coup d'arret, or stop thrust.
Derived terms
Translations
References
Punctuation mark
stop
- Used to indicate the end of a sentence in a telegram.
Translations
Etymology 2
From Middle English stoppe, from Old English stoppa (“bucket, pail, a stop”), from Proto-Germanic *stuppô (“vat, vessel”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teub- (“to push, hit; stick, stump”). Cognate with Norwegian stopp, stoppa (“deep well, recess”), Middle High German stubech, stübich (“barrel, vat, unit of measure”) (German Stübchen). Related also to Middle Low German st?p (“beaker, flask”), Middle High German stouf (“beaker, flask”), Norwegian staupa (“goblet”), Icelandic staupa (“shot-glass”), Old English st?ap (“a stoup, beaker, drinking vessel, cup, flagon”). Cognate to Albanian shtambë (“amphora, bucket”). See stoup.
Noun
stop (plural stops)
- (Britain dialectal) A small well-bucket; a milk-pail.
Translations
Etymology 3
s- +? top
Adjective
stop (not comparable)
- (physics) Being or relating to the squark that is the superpartner of a top quark.
Anagrams
- OTPs, POST, POTS, PTOs, Post, Spot, TPOs, opts, post, post-, post., pots, spot, tops
Danish
Verb
stop
- imperative of stoppe
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /st?p/
- Hyphenation: stop
- Rhymes: -?p
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch stoppe.
Noun
stop m (plural stoppen, diminutive stopje n)
- An action of stopping, cessation.
- A plug for a sink, a stopper.
- An electric fuse.
- Synonyms: smeltstop, zekering
Derived terms
- smeltstop
- stopcontact
- stoppenkast
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the main entry.
Verb
stop
- first-person singular present indicative of stoppen
- imperative of stoppen
Anagrams
- post
- spot
Finnish
Interjection
stop
- stop (halt)
- stop (end-of-sentence indicator in telegrams)
Synonyms
- (halt): seis
French
Etymology
1792. Borrowed from English stop.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /st?p/
Interjection
stop!
- stop!
Noun
stop m (uncountable)
- stop sign
- hitchhiking
Derived terms
- auto-stop
- stop américain
- stop-motion
- stopper
Descendants
- ? Moroccan Arabic: ?????
Further reading
- “stop” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
- pots, spot
Hungarian
Etymology
Borrowed from English stop.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [??top?], [??top]
- Rhymes: -op?, -op
Interjection
stop
- halt! stop!
Punctuation
stop
- stop (used to indicate the end of a sentence in a telegram)
Noun
stop (plural stopok)
- (colloquial) stop sign (a red sign on the side of a street instructing vehicles to stop)
- (colloquial) hitchhike (an act of hitchhiking, trying to get a ride in a passing vehicle while standing at the side of a road)
Declension
Derived terms
- stopfürd?
- stoptábla
Irish
Etymology
Borrowed from English stop, from Middle English stoppen, from Old English stoppian (“to stop, close”), from Proto-Germanic *stupp?n? (“to stop, close”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s?t???p?/
Verb
stop (present analytic stopann, future analytic stopfaidh, verbal noun stopadh, past participle stoptha)
- to stop
Conjugation
Synonyms
- stad
Noun
stop m (genitive singular stop, nominative plural stopanna)
- a stop (place to get on and off line buses or trams; interruption of travel; device to block path)
Declension
Synonyms
- stad
Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “stopaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- "stop" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
Italian
Etymology
Borrowed from English stop.
Interjection
stop!
- stop!, halt!
Noun
stop m (plural stop)
- stop (roadsign; bus stop etc; block)
Anagrams
- post
- spot
Latvian
Etymology
Borrowed from English stop.
Interjection
stop!
- stop!, halt!
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /st?p/
Etymology 1
Deverbal of stopi?.
Noun
stop m inan
- (chemistry) an alloy; a mixture of metals.
Declension
Synonyms
- alia? (obsolete)
Verb
stop
- second-person singular imperative of stopi?
Etymology 2
Borrowed from English stop.
Interjection
stop
- stop!, halt!
Noun
stop m inan
- a stop sign.
- (colloquial) a vehicle's brake light.
- (colloquial) hitchhiking.
Further reading
- stop in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
- stop in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from English stop.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /?st?p/, /?st?.pi/
Noun
stop m (plural stops)
- stop (function or button that causes a device to stop operating)
- (uncountable) A game in which the players write on paper one word from each category (animal, fruit, etc.), all beginning with the same letter, as quickly as possible. In Spanish: tutti frutti.
- Synonym: adedanha
- (stock market) stop loss order (order to close one’s position if the market drops to a specified price level)
- (Brazil, upper-class slang) stop; end (the act of putting a stop to something)
Interjection
stop!
- Said by a player of the game of stop to cease the current turn, after which the players count how many words they wrote.
See also
- CEP (acronym of "cidade, estado, país", meaning "city, state, country", a category in the game of stop)
Further reading
- Stop! on the Portuguese Wikipedia.Wikipedia pt
Romanian
Etymology
From French stop.
Noun
stop n (uncountable)
- stop
Declension
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from English stop.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /es?top/, [es?t?op]
Interjection
stop
- stop
Swedish
Noun
stop n
- beer mug.
- stoup
Declension
Synonyms
- sejdel
Anagrams
- post
stop From the web:
- what stops diarrhea
- what stops itching
- what stops bleeding fast
- what stops mosquito bites from itching
- what stops heartburn
- what stops hiccups
- what stops diarrhea fast
- what stops your period
retard
English
Etymology
From Middle English retarden, from Anglo-Norman or Latin, from Anglo-Norman retarder, from Latin retard?re (“to retard”), from re- + tardus (“slow”).
Pronunciation
- Noun (delay sense), verb
- (UK, US) IPA(key): /???t??(?)d/
- Rhymes: -??(?)d
- Noun (offensive slang sense)
- (UK, US) IPA(key): /??i?t??(?)d/
Noun
retard (plural retards)
- Retardation; delay.
- Synonyms: delay, hold-up, retardation
- (music) A slowing down of the tempo; a ritardando.
- (offensive, dated) A person with mental retardation.
- Synonyms: retarded, (offensive) tard, (disused medical term) imbecile, (legal term) mental deficient, (disused medical term) moron
- (informal, offensive) A person or being who is extremely stupid or slow to learn.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:fool
- 2007, Doug Green, No Wife No Kids No Plan (?ISBN):
- “That's 'cause your dog is a retard,” the large woman retorted. The pit bull must have sensed the insult because it got up on all fours and started barking at the woman. Not one to back down from an interspecies fight, the prison lady stood up […]
Usage notes
Through the euphemism treadmill, the term retard (which originated as a neutral substitute for the terms that had previously designated those with disabilities, namely idiot, imbecile, and moron) has come to be considered offensive; see Wikipedia for more. In a 2003 survey by the BBC, retard was voted the most offensive word relating to disability, followed by spastic.
Derived terms
- -tard
Translations
Verb
retard (third-person singular simple present retards, present participle retarding, simple past and past participle retarded)
- (transitive) To keep delaying; to continue to hinder; to prevent from progress
- Synonyms: impede, hinder, hold up
- (transitive) To put off; to postpone.
- (transitive, obsolete) To be slow or dilatory to perform (something).
- (intransitive) To decelerate; to slow down.
- (intransitive, obsolete) To stay back.
Synonyms
- (keep delaying; continue to hinder): decelerate, hinder, slow, slow down; See also Thesaurus:hinder
- (postpone): postpone, put off; See also Thesaurus:procrastinate
- (slow to perform): reluctant
- (decelerate): decelerate, slow, slow down, slow up
- (stay back): hang back, stay back; See also Thesaurus:tarry
Antonyms
- (keep delaying; continue to hinder): accelerate, speed, speed up
- (postpone):
- (stay back): come forward
Derived terms
- retarded
Translations
References
- IQ Basics, including formerly used medical terms for people with very low IQs
Anagrams
- Darter, R-rated, Trader, darter, dartre, retrad, tarred, trader
Catalan
Etymology
From retardar.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic) IPA(key): /r??ta?t/
- (Central) IPA(key): /r??tart/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /re?ta?t/
Noun
retard m (plural retards)
- delay
- Synonyms: demora, endarreriment
Further reading
- “retard” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “retard” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “retard” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
French
Etymology
From the verb retarder.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??.ta?/
Noun
retard m (plural retards)
- delay
Derived terms
- avoir un train de retard
- en retard
- prendre du retard
Further reading
- “retard” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
- tarder, trader
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From French retard (“delay”), from the verb retarder (“to retard, slow down”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /r??t??r/
- Rhymes: -??r
- Hyphenation: ret?ard
- Homophones: R, r
Noun
retard m (definite singular retarden, indefinite plural retarder, definite plural retardene)
- (horology) side in a clockwork to which the adjustment indicator must be set to make the clock go slower
- Synonyms: R, r
Antonyms
- avance
References
- “retard” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
Anagrams
- darret, radert, trader
retard From the web:
- what retardation means
- what retardation
- what retarding potential is necessary to stop
- what retardant is used for
- what does retardation mean
- what is retardation definition
- what is meant by retardation
- what is considered retardation
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