different between stock vs race
stock
English
Pronunciation
- (UK) enPR: st?k, IPA(key): /st?k/
- (US) enPR: stäk, IPA(key): /st?k/
- Rhymes: -?k
- Homophone: stalk (in accents with the cot-caught merger)
Etymology 1
From Old English stocc, from Proto-Germanic *stukkaz (“tree-trunk”), with modern senses mostly referring either to the trunk from which the tree grows (figuratively, its origin and/or support/foundation), or to a piece of wood, stick, or rod. The senses of "supply" and "raw material" arose from a probable conflation with steck (“an item of goods, merchandise”) or the use of split tally sticks consisting of foil or counterfoil and stock to capture paid taxes, debts or exchanges. Doublet of chock.
Noun
stock (countable and uncountable, plural stocks or (obsolete) stocken)
- A store or supply.
- (operations) A store of goods ready for sale; inventory.
- A supply of anything ready for use.
- Railroad rolling stock.
- (card games, in a card game) A stack of undealt cards made available to the players.
- Farm or ranch animals; livestock.
- The population of a given type of animal (especially fish) available to be captured from the wild for economic use.
- (operations) A store of goods ready for sale; inventory.
- (finance) The capital raised by a company through the issue of shares. The total of shares held by an individual shareholder.
- The price or value of the stock for a company on the stock market.
- (figuratively) The measure of how highly a person or institution is valued.
- Any of several types of security that are similar to a stock, or marketed like one.
- The price or value of the stock for a company on the stock market.
- The raw material from which things are made; feedstock.
- (cooking, uncountable, countable) Broth made from meat (originally bones) or vegetables, used as a basis for stew or soup.
- The type of paper used in printing.
- Ellipsis of film stock
- Plain soap before it is coloured and perfumed.
- Stock theater, summer stock theater.
- The trunk and woody main stems of a tree. The base from which something grows or branches.
- (horticulture) The plant upon which the scion is grafted.
- lineage, family, ancestry.
- (linguistics) A larger grouping of language families: a superfamily or macrofamily.
- (horticulture) The plant upon which the scion is grafted.
- Any of the several species of cruciferous flowers in the genus Matthiola.
- A handle or stem to which the working part of an implement or weapon is attached.
- (firearms) The part of a rifle or shotgun that rests against the shooter's shoulder.
- The handle of a whip, fishing rod, etc.
- (firearms) The part of a rifle or shotgun that rests against the shooter's shoulder.
- Part of a machine that supports items or holds them in place.
- The headstock of a lathe, drill, etc.
- The tailstock of a lathe.
- A bar, stick or rod.
- A ski pole.
- (nautical) A bar going through an anchor, perpendicular to the flukes.
- (nautical) The axle attached to the rudder, which transfers the movement of the helm to the rudder.
- (geology) A pipe (vertical cylinder of ore)
- A type of (now formal or official) neckwear.
- A necktie or cravat, particularly a wide necktie popular in the eighteenth century, often seen today as a part of formal wear for horse riding competitions.
- A piece of black cloth worn under a clerical collar.
- A necktie or cravat, particularly a wide necktie popular in the eighteenth century, often seen today as a part of formal wear for horse riding competitions.
- A bed for infants; a crib, cot, or cradle
- (folklore) A piece of wood magically made to be just like a real baby and substituted for it by magical beings.
- (obsolete) A cover for the legs; a stocking.
- A block of wood; something fixed and solid; a pillar; a firm support; a post.
- 1655, Thomas Fuller, The History of Waltham Abbey
- Item, for a stock of brass for the holy water, seven shillings; which, by the canon, must be of marble or metal, and in no case of brick.
- 1655, Thomas Fuller, The History of Waltham Abbey
- (by extension, obsolete) A person who is as dull and lifeless as a stock or post; one who has little sense.
- (Britain, historical) The longest part of a split tally stick formerly struck in the exchequer, which was delivered to the person who had lent the king money on account, as the evidence of indebtedness.
- (shipbuilding, in the plural) The frame or timbers on which a ship rests during construction.
- (Britain, in the plural) Red and grey bricks, used for the exterior of walls and the front of buildings.
- (biology) In tectology, an aggregate or colony of individuals, such as trees, chains of salpae, etc.
- The beater of a fulling mill.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Knight to this entry?)
Synonyms
- (farm or ranch animals): livestock
- (railroad equipment): rolling stock
- (raw material): feedstock
- (paper for printing): card stock
- (plant used in grafting): rootstock, understock
- (axle attached to rudder): rudder stock
- (wide necktie): stock-tie
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
stock (third-person singular simple present stocks, present participle stocking, simple past and past participle stocked)
- To have on hand for sale.
- To provide with material requisites; to store; to fill; to supply.
- To allow (cows) to retain milk for twenty-four hours or more prior to sale.
- To put in the stocks as punishment.
- (nautical) To fit (an anchor) with a stock, or to fasten the stock firmly in place.
- (card games, dated) To arrange cards in a certain manner for cheating purposes; to stack the deck.
Translations
Adjective
stock (not comparable)
- Of a type normally available for purchase/in stock.
- stock items
- stock sizes
- (racing, of a race car) Having the same configuration as cars sold to the non-racing public, or having been modified from such a car.
- Straightforward, ordinary, just another, very basic.
- That band is quite stock
- He gave me a stock answer
Translations
See also
- DJIA
- foodstock
Etymology 2
From Italian stoccata.
Noun
stock (plural stocks)
- A thrust with a rapier; a stoccado.
Anagrams
- 'tocks, tocks
Dutch
Etymology
Borrowed from English stock.
Pronunciation
Noun
stock m (plural stocks, diminutive stockje n)
- stock, goods in supply
- basic capital
- shares (equity)
Derived terms
- stockdividend n
References
- M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]
French
Etymology
Borrowed from English stock.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /st?k/
Noun
stock m (plural stocks)
- stock, goods in supply
- stock, a reserve (generally)
- Supply of (wild) fish available for commerce, stock
Derived terms
- stocker
- stockage
Further reading
- “stock” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Italian
Etymology
Borrowed from English stock.
Noun
stock
- stock, goods in supply, inventory
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from English stock.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /es?to?/, [es?t?o??]
Noun
stock m (plural stocks)
- stock, inventory
Further reading
- “stock” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Swedish stokker, from Old Norse stokkr, from Proto-Germanic *stukkaz (“tree-trunk”).
Noun
stock c
- a log (trunk of a dead tree)
- a stock (of a gun)
- a pack of snus, usually ten, wrapped in plastic film or packed in a light cardboard box
- Synonyms: rulle, limpa
Declension
Related terms
- ekstock
- stocka
- stockeld
- Stockholm
- stockning
- timmerstock
See also
- balk
- bjälke
- flottning
- stam
- stuga
- timmer
- virke
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race
English
Pronunciation
- enPR: r?s, IPA(key): /?e?s/
- Rhymes: -e?s
Etymology 1
From Middle English race, from Old Norse rás (“a running, race”), from Proto-Germanic *r?s? (“a course”), from Proto-Indo-European *reh?s- (“to flow, rush”). Akin to Old English r?s (“a race, swift or violent running, rush, onset”), Middle Low German râs (“a strong current”), Dutch ras (“a strong whirling current”). Compare Danish ræs, Norwegian and Swedish ras, Norwegian rås.
Noun
race (countable and uncountable, plural races)
- A contest between people, animals, vehicles, etc. where the goal is to be the first to reach some objective. Example: Several horses run in a horse race, and the first one to reach the finishing post wins
- Swift progress; rapid motion; an instance of moving or driving at high speed.
- (computing) A race condition.
- A progressive movement toward a goal.
- A fast-moving current of water, such as that which powers a mill wheel.
- A water channel, esp. one built to lead water to or from a point where it is utilised.
- Competitive action of any kind, especially when prolonged; hence, career; course of life.
- The bushings of a rolling element bearing which contacts the rolling elements.
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
race (third-person singular simple present races, present participle racing, simple past and past participle raced)
- (intransitive) To take part in a race (in the sense of a contest).
- (transitive) To compete against in such a race.
- (intransitive) To move or drive at high speed; to hurry or speed.
- (intransitive) Of a motor, to run rapidly when not engaged to a transmission.
- 1891 (December) Arthur Conan Doyle, The Man with the Twisted Lip:
- "My mind is like a racing engine, tearing itself to pieces because it is not connected up with the work for which it was built."
- 1891 (December) Arthur Conan Doyle, The Man with the Twisted Lip:
Translations
Etymology 2
1560s, via Middle French race from Italian razza (early 14th century), of uncertain origin.
Noun
race (countable and uncountable, plural races)
- A group of sentient beings, particularly people, distinguished by common ancestry, heritage or characteristics:
- A large group of people distinguished from others on the basis of a common heritage (compare ethnic group). See Wikipedia's article on historical definitions of race.
- 1838, Lincoln, Abraham, Young Men's Lyceum address
- We toiled not in the acquirement or establishment of them—they are a legacy bequeathed us, by a once hardy, brave, and patriotic, but now lamented and departed race of ancestors.
- 1895 November 11, Chamberlain, Joseph, Speech given to the Imperial Institute:
- I believe that the British race is the greatest of the governing races that the world has ever seen.
- 1913, Martin Van Buren Knox, The religious life of the Anglo-Saxon race
- 1838, Lincoln, Abraham, Young Men's Lyceum address
- A large group of people distinguished from others on the basis of common physical characteristics, such as skin color or hair type.
- A large group of sentient beings distinguished from others on the basis of a common heritage (compare species, subspecies).
- 1898, Herman Isidore Stern, The gods of our fathers: a study of Saxon mythology, page 15)
- There are two distinct races of gods known to Norse mythology[.]
- 1898, Herman Isidore Stern, The gods of our fathers: a study of Saxon mythology, page 15)
- A group or category distinguished from others on the basis of shared characteristics or qualities, for example social qualities.
- A large group of people distinguished from others on the basis of a common heritage (compare ethnic group). See Wikipedia's article on historical definitions of race.
- (biology) A population geographically separated from others of its species that develops significantly different characteristics; a mating group.
- (zoology) Subspecies.
- (animal husbandry) A breed or strain of domesticated animal.
- (mycology, bacteriology, informal) An infraspecific rank, a pathotype, pathovar, etc.
- (obsolete) Peculiar flavour, taste, or strength, as of wine; that quality, or assemblage of qualities, which indicates origin or kind, as in wine; hence, characteristic flavour.
- (obsolete) Characteristic quality or disposition.
Synonyms
- subspecies
- breed
- variety
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
Verb
race (third-person singular simple present races, present participle racing, simple past and past participle raced)
- To assign a race to; to perceive as having a (usually specified) race.
- 1996, Philosophical Studies in Education, page 151:
- To be raced as black in the U.S. translates symbolically into being considered inferior to whites, lazy, immoral, boisterous, violent, and sexually promiscuous.
- 2006, Athena D. Mutua, Progressive Black Masculinities?, Routledge (?ISBN), page 30:
- From this perspective, the project of progressive blackness entails the edification of black people and the elimination of all forms of domination that limit this edification for all those raced as black.
- 2008, George Yancy, Black Bodies, White Gazes: The Continuing Significance of Race, Rowman & Littlefield (?ISBN), page 46:
- By avoiding being raced as white, whites are able to maintain the illusion that they have always been individuals, that they have always accomplished their achievements through merit alone.
- 2020 March 24, Sophie Lewis, The coronavirus crisis shows it's time to abolish the family:
- [T]he private family qua mode of social reproduction still, frankly, sucks. It genders, nationalizes and races us. It norms us for productive work.
- 1996, Philosophical Studies in Education, page 151:
Etymology 3
From Middle French [Term?], from Latin radix.
Noun
race (plural races)
- A rhizome or root, especially of ginger.
- 1610, William Shakespeare, The Winter's Tale, Act IV, Scene III, line 45.
- I must have saffron to color the warden pies; mace; dates, none -- that's out of my note; nutmegs, seven; a race or two of ginger, but that I may beg; four pounds of prunes, and as many of raisins o' th' sun.
- 1610, William Shakespeare, The Winter's Tale, Act IV, Scene III, line 45.
Translations
Etymology 4
Verb
race (third-person singular simple present races, present participle racing, simple past and past participle raced)
- Obsolete form of raze.
References
- race at OneLook Dictionary Search
- race in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
- race in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
- Diez, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der romanischen Sprachen, "Razza."
Anagrams
- -care, Acre, CERA, Care, Cera, Crea, acer, acre, care, e-car
Danish
Etymology 1
Borrowed from French race, from Italian razza.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [????s?]
Noun
race c (singular definite racen, plural indefinite racer)
- race (subdivision of species)
- breed
Inflection
Etymology 2
Borrowed from English race.
Alternative forms
- ræs
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [???js], [????s]
Noun
race n (singular definite racet, plural indefinite race)
- a race (a contest where the goal is to be the first to reach some objective)
- a rush
Inflection
Etymology 3
Borrowed from English race.
Alternative forms
- ræse
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [????s?]
Verb
race (imperative race, infinitive at race, present tense racer, past tense racede, perfect tense er/har racet)
- to race (to compete in a race, a contest where the goal is to be the first to reach some objective)
- to rush
Further reading
- race on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia da
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /re?s/
- Hyphenation: race
- Rhymes: -e?s
- Homophone: rees
Etymology 1
Borrowed from English race.
Noun
race m (plural races, diminutive raceje n)
- A speed contest, a race.
- Synonym: wedloop
Derived terms
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the main entry.
Verb
race
- first-person singular present indicative of racen
- (archaic) singular present subjunctive of racen
- imperative of racen
French
Etymology
As Middle French rasse "entirety of ancestors and descendants of the same family or people", from ca. 1480,spelling Middle French race recorded in 1549, from Italian razza (13th century), of uncertain origin (more at razza).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?as/
- Rhymes: -as
Noun
race f (plural races)
- race (classification)
- kind
- Synonym: espèce
- (zoology) breed
Related terms
Descendants
- ? German: Rasse
- ? Czech: rasa
- ? Polish: rasa
- ? Serbo-Croatian: rasa
- ? Slovene: rasa
- ? Romanian: ras?
References
- “race” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Further reading
- “race” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
- acre, âcre, care, caré, créa, racé
Middle French
Etymology
16th century (spelling rasse from 1480), from Italian razza (early 14th century), of uncertain origin.
Noun
race f (plural races)
- race; breed
Descendants
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?ra.t?s?/
Noun
race f
- nominative/accusative/vocative plural of raca
Swedish
Etymology
From English race.
Noun
race n
- race (competition)
Declension
Derived terms
- köra sitt eget race
References
- race in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- race in Svensk ordbok (SO)
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