different between stern vs rigor

English

Alternative forms

• sterne (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• (General American) enPR: stûrn, IPA^(key): /st?n/
• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: stûn, IPA^(key): /st??n/
• Rhymes: -??(?)n

Etymology 1

From Middle English stern, sterne, sturne, from Old English styrne (“stern, grave, strict, austere, hard, severe, cruel”), from Proto-Germanic *sturnijaz (“angry, astonished, shocked”), from Proto-Indo-European *ster- (“rigid, stiff”). Cognate with Scots stern (“bold, courageous, fierce, resolute”), Old High German storn?n (“to be astonished”), Dutch stuurs (“glum, austere”), Swedish stursk (“insolent”).

Adjective

stern (comparative sterner, superlative sternest)

1. Having a hardness and severity of nature or manner.
   • stern as tutors, and as uncles hard
2. Grim and forbidding in appearance.
   • 1814, William Wordsworth, The Excursion

     these barren rocks, your stern inheritance

Translations

Etymology 2

Most likely from Old Norse stjórn (“control, steering”), related to stýra (“to steer”), from Proto-Germanic *stiurijan?, whence also English steer. Also possibly from Old Frisian stiarne (“rudder”), from the same Germanic root.

Noun

stern (plural sterns)

1. (nautical) The rear part or after end of a ship or vessel.
2. (figuratively) The post of management or direction.
3. The hinder part of anything.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Edmund Spenser to this entry?)

4. The tail of an animal; now used only of the tail of a dog.

Synonyms

• (of a ship): poop

Antonyms

• bow

Derived terms

• from stem to stern
• sternpost

Translations

See also

• keel
• aft

Etymology 3

From a variant of tern.

Noun

stern (plural sterns)

1. A bird, the black tern.

Translations

Anagrams

• 'rents, Ernst, Snert, nerts, rents, snert, terns

Dutch

Etymology

Possibly cognate with Latin sturnus (“starling”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /st?r/
• Rhymes: -?r

Noun

stern m (plural sterns or sternen, diminutive sterntje n)

1. tern

Middle English

Noun

stern

1. Alternative form of sterne

Mòcheno

Etymology

From Middle High German stërne, stërre, stërn, from Old High German sterno, from Proto-Germanic *stern?, from Proto-Indo-European *h?st?r (“star”). Cognate with German Stern, English star.

Noun

stern m

1. star

References

• Anthony R. Rowley, Liacht as de sproch: Grammatica della lingua mòchena Deutsch-Fersentalerisch, TEMI, 2003.

Piedmontese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /st?r?/

Noun

stern m

1. breastbone

English

Etymology

From Old French, from Latin rigor (“stiffness, rigidity, rigor, cold, harshness”), from rigere (“to be rigid”).

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /????/
• Rhymes: -???(?)
• Homophones: rigger, rigour

Noun

rigor (countable and uncountable, plural rigors)

1. US spelling of rigour
2. (informal) Short for rigor mortis.
   • 2005, Jon Courtenay Grimwood, Pashazade, page 4, paragraph 3

     Heat always upped the rate at which rigor gripped a corpse.

Italian

Noun

rigor m

1. Apocopic form of rigore

Latin

Etymology

From rige? (“I am rigid”) +? -or.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ri.?or/, [?r???r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ri.?or/, [?ri???r]

Noun

rigor m (genitive rig?ris); third declension

1. stiffness, rigidity
2. rigor, cold, harshness, severity

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Derived terms

• rig?r?tus

Related terms

Descendants

References

• rigor in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• rigor in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• rigor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• rigor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• rigor in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Old French

Noun

rigor f (oblique plural rigors, nominative singular rigor, nominative plural rigors)

1. harshness; severity
2. stiffness; rigidity

Descendants

• English: rigor, rigour
• French: rigueur

Portuguese

Noun

rigor m (plural rigores)

1. rigour (higher level of difficulty)
2. rigour (severity or strictness)
3. rigidity; inflexibility

Related terms

• rígido

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rî?or/
• Hyphenation: ri?gor

Noun

r?gor m (Cyrillic spelling ??????)

1. rigour

Declension

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin rigor (genitive singular rig?ris).

Noun

rigor m (plural rigores)

1. rigour