different between state vs exclaim
state
English
Etymology
Middle English (as a noun); adopted c. 1200 from both Old French estat and Latin status (“manner of standing, attitude, position, carriage, manner, dress, apparel; and other senses”), from stare (“to stand”). Doublet of estate and status. The sense of "polity" develops in the 14th century. Compare French être, Greek ???? (stéo), Italian stare, Portuguese estar, Romanian sta, and Spanish estar.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /ste?t/
- Rhymes: -e?t
Noun
state (plural states)
- A condition; a set of circumstances applying at any given time.
- (physics) A complete description of a system, consisting of parameters that determine all properties of the system.
- 1977, J. B. Sykes and John Stewart Bell, translating Lev Landau and Evgeny Lifshitz, Course of Theoretical Physics Vol. 3: Quantum Mechanics: Non-relativistic Theory, p.28:
- States in which the energy has definite values are called stationary states of a system; they are described by wave functions ?n which are the eigenfunctions of the Hamiltonian operator, i.e. which satisfy the equation ??n = En?n, where En are the eigenvalues of the energy.
- 1977, J. B. Sykes and John Stewart Bell, translating Lev Landau and Evgeny Lifshitz, Course of Theoretical Physics Vol. 3: Quantum Mechanics: Non-relativistic Theory, p.28:
- (computing) The stable condition of a processor during a particular clock cycle.
- (computing) The set of all parameters relevant to a computation.
- (computing) The values of all parameters at some point in a computation.
- (sciences) The physical property of matter as solid, liquid, gas or plasma.
- (obsolete) Highest and stationary condition, as that of maturity between growth and decline, or as that of crisis between the increase and the abating of a disease; height; acme.
- (physics) A complete description of a system, consisting of parameters that determine all properties of the system.
- High social standing or circumstance.
- Pomp, ceremony, or dignity.
- Rank; condition; quality.
- c. 1593, William Shakespeare, Richard III, [Act I, Scene iii]:
- And le?ned by that ?mall, God I be?eech him, / Thy honor, ?tate, and ?eate, is due to me.
- c. 1593, William Shakespeare, Richard III, [Act I, Scene iii]:
- Condition of prosperity or grandeur; wealthy or prosperous circumstances; social importance.
- A chair with a canopy above it, often standing on a dais; a seat of dignity; also, the canopy itself.
- (obsolete) A great person, a dignitary; a lord or prince.
- 1644, John Milton, Aeropagitica, page 1:
- They who to States and Governours of the Commonwealth direct their Speech, High Court of Parlament, or wanting ?uch acce??e in a private condition, write that which they fore?ee may advance the publick good?; I ?uppo?e them as at the beginning of no meane endeavour, not a little alter’d and mov’d inwardly in their mindes […]
- 1644, John Milton, Aeropagitica, page 1:
- (obsolete) Estate, possession.
- Pomp, ceremony, or dignity.
- A polity.
- Any sovereign polity; a national or city-state government.
- a. 1949, Albert Einstein, as quoted by Virgil Henshaw in Albert Einstein: Philosopher Scientist (1949)
- Never do anything against conscience even if the state demands it.
- a. 1949, Albert Einstein, as quoted by Virgil Henshaw in Albert Einstein: Philosopher Scientist (1949)
- A political division of a federation retaining a notable degree of autonomy, as in the United States, Germany, or Australia.
- (obsolete) A form of government other than a monarchy.
- (anthropology) A society larger than a tribe. A society large enough to form a state in the sense of a government.
- Any sovereign polity; a national or city-state government.
- (mathematics, stochastic processes) An element of the range of the random variables that define a random process.
- (grammar, semantics) The lexical aspect (aktionsart) of verbs or predicates that do not change over time.
- Antonym: occurrence
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Pages starting with “state”.
Translations
Verb
state (third-person singular simple present states, present participle stating, simple past and past participle stated)
- (transitive) To declare to be a fact.
- Carried somehow, somewhither, for some reason, on these surging floods, were these travelers, of errand not wholly obvious to their fellows, yet of such sort as to call into query alike the nature of their errand and their own relations. It is easily earned repetition to state that Josephine St. Auban's was a presence not to be concealed.
- (transitive) To make known.
Usage notes
State is stronger or more definitive than say. It is used to communicate an absence of reasonable doubt and to emphasize the factual or truthful nature of the communication.
Synonyms
- See Thesaurus:communicate
Translations
Adjective
state (comparative more state, superlative most state)
- (obsolete) Stately.
Related terms
- estate
- statistics
- status
- State
See also
- department
- province
Further reading
- state on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
References
- state at OneLook Dictionary Search
- state in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
- state in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- state in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Anagrams
- Satet, Testa, Tetas, aetts, atest, taste, teats, testa
Afrikaans
Noun
state
- plural of staat
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?sta.te/
- Rhymes: -ate
- Hyphenation: stà?te
Etymology 1
Apheretic form of estate.
Noun
state f (plural stati)
- (Tuscany) Alternative form of estate
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the main entry.
Verb
state
- inflection of stare:
- second-person plural present indicative
- second-person plural imperative
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the main entry.
Participle
state
- feminine plural of stato
Anagrams
- setta, testa
References
- state in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti
Latin
Verb
st?te
- second-person plural present active imperative of st?
Participle
state
- vocative masculine singular of status
state From the web:
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exclaim
English
Alternative forms
- exclame [16th-17th c.]
Etymology
From Middle French exclamer, from Latin excl?m?, excl?m?re (“call out”), from ex- + cl?m? (“to call”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?k?skle?m/, /?k?skle?m/
- Rhymes: -e?m
Verb
exclaim (third-person singular simple present exclaims, present participle exclaiming, simple past and past participle exclaimed)
- (intransitive) To cry out suddenly, from some strong emotion.
- c. 1591, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 1, Act V, Scene 3,[1]
- I am a soldier, and unapt to weep,
- Or to exclaim on fortune’s fickleness.
- 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, Dublin: John Smith, Volume 1, Book 1, Chapter 9, p. 33,[2]
- Very grave and good Women exclaimed against Men who begot Children and then disowned them.
- 1815, Jane Austen, Emma, Chapter 12,[3]
- This wretched note was the finale of Emma’s breakfast. When once it had been read, there was no doing any thing, but lament and exclaim.
- 1925, Virginia Woolf, Mrs Dalloway, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1985, p. 114,[4]
- […] he could remember Sally tearing off a rose, stopping to exclaim at the beauty of the cabbage leaves in the moonlight […]
- 2011, Alan Hollinghurst, The Stranger’s Child, New York: Knopf, Part 4, Chapter 1, p. 285,[5]
- […] at the front door below a few guests were leaving, and the bright rectangle widened and narrowed as they slipped out into the night, laughing and exclaiming about the weather.
- c. 1591, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 1, Act V, Scene 3,[1]
- (transitive) To say suddenly and with strong emotion.
- 1603, Michael Drayton, The Barrons Wars in the Raigne of Edward the Second, London: N. Ling, “Alice Countesse of Salisburie, to the blacke Prince,” p. 31,[6]
- Must she be forc’d, t’exclaime th’iniurious wrong?
- Offred by him, whom she hath lou’d so long?
- Nay, I will tell, and I durst almost sweare,
- Edward will blush, when he his fault shall heare.
- 1748, Tobias Smollett, The Adventures of Roderick Random, London: J. Osborn, Volume 2, Chapter 40, p. 28,[7]
- […] her aunt, after having stared at me a good while with a look of amazement, exclaimed, “In the name of heaven! Who art thou?”—
- 1839, Charles Dickens, Nicholas Nickleby, Chapter 12,[8]
- Without returning any direct reply, Miss Squeers, all at once, fell into a paroxysm of spiteful tears, and exclaimed that she was a wretched, neglected, miserable castaway.
- “Heavens!” exclaimed Nina, “the blue-stocking and the fogy!—and yours are pale blue, Eileen!—you’re about as self-conscious as Drina—slumping there with your hair tumbling à la Mérode! Oh, it's very picturesque, of course, but a straight spine and good grooming is better. […]”
- 2017, André Aciman, Enigma Variations, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, “Manfred,” p. 135,[9]
- You never pump your arm when you score, you never exclaim anything, you don’t even smile when you fire a perfect backhand straight down the line.
- 1603, Michael Drayton, The Barrons Wars in the Raigne of Edward the Second, London: N. Ling, “Alice Countesse of Salisburie, to the blacke Prince,” p. 31,[6]
Synonyms
- See also Thesaurus:shout
Derived terms
- exclaimer
Related terms
Translations
Noun
exclaim (plural exclaims)
- (obsolete) Exclamation; outcry, clamor.
- c. 1592, William Shakespeare, Richard II, Act I, Scene 2,[10]
- Foul devil, for God’s sake, hence, and trouble us not;
- For thou hast made the happy earth thy hell,
- Fill’d it with cursing cries and deep exclaims.
- 1635, John Donne, “His parting form her”:
- Oh fortune, thou’rt not worth my least exclame [...].
- c. 1592, William Shakespeare, Richard II, Act I, Scene 2,[10]
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