different between specimen vs paratype
specimen
English
Etymology
From Latin specimen (“mark, sign, example”), from speci? (“observe, watch”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?sp?s?m?n/
- Hyphenation: spe?ci?men
Noun
specimen (plural specimens or (extremely rare) specimina)
- An individual instance that represents a class; an example.
- early specimens of the art of Picasso
- (numismatics) A banknote printed for distribution to central banks to aid in the recognition of banknotes from a country other than their own
- (philately) A postage stamp sent to postmasters and postal administrations so that they are able to identify valid stamps and to avoid forgeries
- A sample, especially one used for diagnostic analysis.
- (humorous, often preceded with “fine”) An eligible man.
Synonyms
- sample
- individual
Related terms
- species
Translations
Interlingua
Noun
specimen (plural specimens)
- specimen, sample
Latin
Etymology
From speci? (“observe, watch”) +? -men (noun-forming suffix).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /?spe.ki.men/, [?s?p?k?m?n]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /?spe.t??i.men/, [?sp??t??im?n]
Noun
specimen n (genitive speciminis); third declension
- mark, token, sign, indication
- example, pattern, model
- ornament, honor
Declension
Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).
Descendants
- Catalan: espècimen
- English: specimen
- French: specimen
- Portuguese: espécime
- Spanish: espécimen
References
- specimen in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- specimen in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- specimen in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- specimen in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
Romanian
Etymology
From French spécimen.
Noun
specimen n (plural specimene)
- specimen
Declension
specimen From the web:
- what specimens need to be chilled
- what specimen means
- what specimens need to be protected from light
- what specimen should be protected from light
- what specimen must be protected from light
- what specimen is used to inoculate an enterotube
- what specimens require protection from light
- what specimens can be centrifuged immediately
paratype
English
Etymology
para- +? type
Noun
paratype (plural paratypes)
- (taxonomy) A physical specimen (or an illustration) that is not the holotype but is considered the same taxon by the author of the holotype.
- 1942, Alan Stone, The Fruitflies of the Genus Anastrepha, US Department of Agriculture, Miscellaneous Publication 439, page 44,
- The paratype of this species proves to have an ovipositor very different from that of the holotype (see dissimilis, new species).
- 1965, James A. G. Rehn, A New Genus of Symbiotic Cockroach from Southwest Africa (Orthoptera; Blattaria; Oxyhaloinae), Notulae Naturae, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, page 6,
- An adult female paratype will be sent to the Transvaal Museum (at Dr. Kohls' request) and a similar one to the United States National Museum. The remainder are in the collection of this Academy. All were taken with the type and allotype.
- 2008, Charles W. Heckman, Encyclopedia of South American Aquatic Insects: Odonata - Zygoptera, Springer, page 3,
- In addition to the holotype, other specimens believed to be of the same species by the author are designated as paratypes. If a holotype is not available, a paratype can be examined to confirm identifications.
- 1942, Alan Stone, The Fruitflies of the Genus Anastrepha, US Department of Agriculture, Miscellaneous Publication 439, page 44,
Related terms
- paratypic
- paratyping
Notes
- The taxonomist may analyze several specimens, selecting one as the holotype and designating others (of the same taxon) as paratypes. The holotype and any given paratype may subsequently be kept in different repositories.
See also
- holotype
Further reading
- holotype on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
paratype From the web:
- what is paratype meaning
- what is paratype and give example
- what does paratype means
- what is paratype definition
- what is holotype paratype
- what is a paratype used for
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