different between species vs nature

English

Etymology

From Latin speci?s (“appearance; quality”), from speci? (“see”) + -i?s suffix signifying abstract noun. Doublet of spice

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?spi??i?z/, /?spi?si?z/. Some speakers pronounce the singular with -?z, the plural with -i?z.

Noun

species (plural species or (rare, nonstandard) specieses)

1. Type or kind. (Compare race.)
   • 1871, Richard Holt Hutton, Essays, Theological and Literary

     What is called spiritualism should, I think, be called a mental species of materialism.
   1. A group of plants or animals having similar appearance.
   2. (biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below genus; a taxon at that rank.
      • 1859, Charles Darwin, On the Origin of Species:

        Hence, in determining whether a form should be ranked as a species or a variety, the opinion of naturalists having sound judgment and wide experience seems the only guide to follow.
   3. (chemistry, physics) A particular type of atom, molecule, ion or other particle.
   4. (mineralogy) A mineral with a unique chemical formula whose crystals belong to a unique crystallographic system.
2. An image, an appearance, a spectacle.
   1. (obsolete) The image of something cast on a surface, or reflected from a surface, or refracted through a lens or telescope; a reflection.

   2. Visible or perceptible presentation; appearance; something perceived.

      • Wit, […] the faculty of imagination in the writer, which searches over all the memory for the species or ideas of those things which it designs to represent.

      • the species of the letters illuminated with indigo and violet

   3. A public spectacle or exhibition.

      (Can we find and add a quotation of Francis Bacon to this entry?)

3. (Christianity) Either of the two elements of the Eucharist after they have been consecrated.
4. Coin, or coined silver, gold, or other metal, used as a circulating medium; specie.
   • 1727, John Arbuthnot, Tables of Ancient Coins, Weights and Measures

     There was, in the splendour of the Roman empire, a less quantity of current species in Europe than there is now.

5. A component part of compound medicine; a simple.
6. An officinal mixture or compound powder of any kind; especially, one used for making an aromatic tea or tisane; a tea mixture.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Thomas de Quincey to this entry?)

Usage notes

• species is its own plural; specie is a separate word that means coin money.
• (biology, taxonomy): See species name, binomial nomenclature.

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

See also

• race
• (taxonomy, rank):
  • domain
  • kingdom
  • phylum/division
  • class
  • order
  • family
  • genus
  • superspecies
  • species
    • subspecies, form
    • (botany, horticulture): variety, cultivar

References

• John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989) , “species”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ?ISBN

Noun

species

1. plural of specie

Dutch

Pronunciation

Noun

species

1. Plural form of specie

Synonyms

• speciën

Latin

Etymology

From speci? (“see”) + -i?s suffix signifying abstract noun.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?spe.ki.e?s/, [?s?p?kie?s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?spe.t??i.es/, [?sp??t??i?s]

Noun

speci?s f (genitive speci??); fifth declension

1. a seeing, view, look
2. a spectacle, sight
3. external appearance, looks; general outline or shape
4. semblance, pretence, pretext, outward show
5. show, display
6. (figuratively) vision, dream, apparition
7. (figuratively) honor, reputation
8. (figuratively) a kind, quality, type
9. (law, later) a special case

Declension

Fifth-declension noun.

Derived terms

• speci?tim

Descendants

References

• species in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• species in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• species in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.

English

Alternative forms

• natuer (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English nature, natur, from Old French nature, from Latin n?t?ra (“birth, origin, natural constitution or quality”), future participle from perfect passive participle (g)natus (“born”), from deponent verb (g)nasci (“to be born, originate”) + future participle suffix -urus. Displaced native Middle English cunde, icunde (“nature, property, type, genus, character”) (from Old English ?ecynd), Middle English lund (“nature, disposition”) (from Old Norse lund), Middle English burthe (“nature, birth, nation”) (from Old English ?ebyrd and Old Norse *byrðr). More at kind.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?ne?t??/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?ne?t??/
• (Northern England) IPA^(key): /?n??t??/
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /?næ??t??/
• (General New Zealand) IPA^(key): /?næet??/, [?næet??~?n?et??]
• Rhymes: -e?t??(?)
• Hyphenation: na?ture

Noun

nature (countable and uncountable, plural natures)

1. (uncountable) The natural world; that which consists of all things unaffected by or predating human technology, production, and design. (Compare ecosystem.)
   • 1891, Oscar Wilde, The Decay of Lying

     Nature has good intentions, of course, but, as Aristotle once said, she cannot carry them out. When I look at a landscape I cannot help seeing all its defects.

2. The innate characteristics of a thing. What something will tend by its own constitution, to be or do. Distinct from what might be expected or intended.
   • 1920, Herman Cyril McNeile, Bulldog Drummond, Ch.1:

     Being by nature of a cheerful disposition, the symptom did not surprise his servant, late private of the same famous regiment, who was laying breakfast in an adjoining room.

   • 1869, Horatio Alger, Jr., Mark the Match Boy, chapter 16:

     Mark hardly knew whether to believe this or not. He already began to suspect that Roswell was something of a humbug, and though it was not in his nature to form a causeless dislike, he certainly did not feel disposed to like Roswell.

3. The summary of everything that has to do with biological, chemical and physical states and events in the physical universe.
4. Conformity to that which is natural, as distinguished from that which is artificial, or forced, or remote from actual experience.
5. Kind, sort; character; quality.

   • A dispute of this nature caused mischief.

   • Carried somehow, somewhither, for some reason, on these surging floods, were these travelers, of errand not wholly obvious to their fellows, yet of such sort as to call into query alike the nature of their errand and their own relations.

6. (obsolete) Physical constitution or existence; the vital powers; the natural life.
7. (obsolete) Natural affection or reverence.

Synonyms

• (innate characteristics of a thing): quintessence, whatness; See also Thesaurus:essence

Derived terms

Pages starting with “nature”.

Related terms

Translations

Verb

nature (third-person singular simple present natures, present participle naturing, simple past and past participle natured)

1. (obsolete) To endow with natural qualities.

References

• nature at OneLook Dictionary Search
• nature in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• "nature" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 219.
• nature in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• nature in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Anagrams

• aunter, natuer, tea urn, tea-urn, unrate

Esperanto

Adverb

nature

1. naturally

French

Etymology

From Old French nature, borrowed from Latin n?t?ra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na.ty?/

Noun

nature f (plural natures)

1. nature
2. (grammar) lexical category

Derived terms

Adjective

nature (plural natures)

1. plain, unseasoned

   Une brioche nature ou sucrée ?

   File-moi un yaourt nature s’il te plait.

2. bareback, raw dog

   Une fellation nature.

Further reading

• “nature” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Noun

nature f

1. plural of natura

Adjective

nature (invariable)

1. natural

Anagrams

• neutra

Latin

Participle

n?t?re

1. vocative masculine singular of n?t?rus

Middle Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French nature, from Latin n?t?ra.

Noun

nature f

1. nature, force of nature
2. laws of nature, natural order
3. nature, innate characteristics
4. kind, sort
5. origin
6. sexual fertility, sex drive

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: natuur
• Limburgish: netuur, netuuer

Further reading

• “nature”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “nature”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN

Middle English

Alternative forms

• natur, natour, nateure, nater

Etymology

From Old French nature, from Latin n?t?ra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na??tiu?r/

Noun

nature (plural natures)

1. The Universe, existence, creation
2. nature, the natural world
3. natural abilities
4. natural inevitability, nature (as opposed to nurture)
5. natural morals, natural law
6. natural needs or requirements
7. nature, state, condition
8. species, kind, type
9. Nature (allegory)

Related terms

• natural

Descendants

• English: nature
• Scots: natur, naitur, naeter, nature
• Yola: naatur

References

• “n?t?r(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-02.

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French nature, borrowed from Latin n?t?ra.

Noun

nature f (plural natures)

1. nature

Descendants

• French: nature

Old French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin n?t?ra.

Noun

nature f (oblique plural natures, nominative singular nature, nominative plural natures)

1. nature (natural world; nonhuman world)
2. nature (character; qualities)

Descendants

• ? Middle English: nature
  • English: nature
• Middle French: nature
  • French: nature
• ? Welsh: natur