different between spare vs other

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?sp??(?)/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?sp???/
• Rhymes: -??(?)

Etymology 1

From Middle English spare, spar, from Old English spær (“sparing, scant”), from Proto-Germanic *sparaz (compare with Dutch spaar(zaam), German spar(sam) and spär(lich), Swedish spar(sam), Icelandic sparr (“sparing”)), from Proto-Indo-European *sper- (compare Latin (pro)sperus (“lucky”), Old Church Slavonic ????? (spor?, “plentiful”), Albanian shperr (“earn money”), Persian ????? (sep?r, “entrust; deposit”), Ancient Greek ??????? (sparnós, “rare”), Sanskrit ????? (sphirá, “thick”)).

Adjective

spare (comparative sparer, superlative sparest)

1. Scant; not abundant or plentiful.

   a spare diet
2. Sparing; frugal; parsimonious; not spending much money.
   • 1602, Richard Carew, Survey of Cornwall

     He was spare, […] but discreet of speech.
3. Being more than what is necessary, or what must be used or reserved; not wanted, or not used; superfluous.

   I have no spare time.
4. Held in reserve, to be used in an emergency.

   a spare anchor; a spare wheel or tyre

5. Not occupied or in current use.
6. Lean; lacking flesh; meager; thin; gaunt.
8. (Britain, informal) Very angry; frustrated or distraught.

   When he found out that someone had broken the window, he went spare.

   The poor girl is going spare, stuck in the house all day with the kids like that.

   • 2006, Tate Hallaway, Tall, Dark & Dead:

     “That'll drive him spare.”
9. (obsolete, Britain, dialect) Slow.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Grose to this entry?)

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Welsh: sbâr

Translations

Noun

spare (plural spares)

1. The act of sparing; moderation; restraint.
   • 1600, Philemon Holland, The Romane Historie

     men slaine, then without any spare at all they trampled over the dead carkasses

2. Parsimony; frugal use.
3. An opening in a petticoat or gown; a placket.
4. That which has not been used or expended.
5. A spare part, especially a spare tire.
6. A superfluous or second-best person, specially (in a dynastic context) in the phrase "An heir and a spare".
7. (bowling) The right of bowling again at a full set of pins, after having knocked all the pins down in less than three bowls. If all the pins are knocked down in one bowl it is a double spare; in two bowls, a single spare.
8. (bowling) The act of knocking down all remaining pins in second ball of a frame; this entitles the pins knocked down on the next ball to be added to the score for that frame.
9. (Canada) A free period; a block of school during which one does not have a class.

Etymology 2

From Middle English sparen, sparien, from Old English sparian (“to spare, show mercy to, refrain from injuring or destroying”), from Proto-Germanic *spar?n?, *spar?n? (“to save, keep, spare”), from Proto-Indo-European *sper- (“to be productive, earn”). Cognate with Scots spar, spare, spair (“to spare”), West Frisian sparje (“to save, spare”), Dutch sparen (“to save, spare”), German sparen (“to save, conserve, economise”), Swedish spara (“to save, save up”), Icelandic spara (“to save, conserve”).

Verb

spare (third-person singular simple present spares, present participle sparing, simple past and past participle spared)

1. To show mercy.
   1. (intransitive) To desist; to stop; to refrain.
   2. (intransitive) To refrain from inflicting harm; to use mercy or forbearance.
   3. (transitive) To preserve from danger or punishment; to forbear to punish, injure, or harm; to show mercy.
      • 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island

        Kill me, if you please, or spare me.
2. To keep.
   1. (intransitive) To be frugal; not to be profuse; to live frugally; to be parsimonious.
   2. (transitive) To keep to oneself; to forbear to impart or give.
   3. (transitive) To save or gain, as by frugality; to reserve, as from some occupation, use, or duty.
3. (transitive) (to give up): To deprive oneself of, as by being frugal; to do without; to dispense with; to give up; to part with.
   • a. 1779, Earl of Roscommon, “The Twenty-second Ode of the First Book of Horace”:

     Where angry Jove did never spare / One breath of kind and temperate air.

   • c. 1597, William Shakespeare, The History of Henry the Fourth (Part 1), Act V, scene iv:

     Poor Jack, farewell! / I could have better spared a better man

Descendants

• ? Welsh: sbario

Translations

Anagrams

• Asper, Earps, Pears, Peras, RESPA, Rapes, Spear, Spera, apers, apres, après, aprés, as per, asper, pares, parse, pears, prase, presa, præs., rapes, reaps, sarpe, spear

Danish

Etymology 1

From English spare. Related to the following verb.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sp??r/, [?sb????], [?sb?æ??]

Noun

spare c (singular definite sparen, plural indefinite spare or spares)

1. (bowling) spare (the act of knocking down all remaining pins in second ball of a frame)

Inflection

References

• “spare,1” in Den Danske Ordbog

Etymology 2

From Old Norse spara, from Proto-Germanic *spar?n?, cognate with Swedish spara, English spare, German sparen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /spa?r?/, [?sb????]
• Homophones: sparer, sparre, sparrer

Verb

spare (past tense sparede, past participle sparet)

1. to save
2. to spare
3. to economize
4. to save up

Inflection

References

• “spare,2” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Pronunciation

Verb

spare

1. (archaic) singular present subjunctive of sparen

French

Etymology 1

From Latin sparus

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /spa?/

Noun

spare m (plural spares)

1. A fish of the superorder Acanthopterygii

Etymology 2

From English spare

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sp??/

Noun

spare m (plural spares)

1. (bowling) a spare.

Related terms

• strike

German

Verb

spare

1. inflection of sparen:
   1. first-person singular present
   2. first/third-person singular subjunctive I
   3. singular imperative

Italian

Verb

spare

1. third-person singular present indicative of sparere

Anagrams

• aspre, parse, persa, presa, saper, spera

Latin

Noun

spare

1. vocative singular of sparus

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

spare

1. Alternative form of sparre

Etymology 2

Verb

spare

1. Alternative form of sparren (“to close”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse spara

Verb

spare (imperative spar, present tense sparer, passive spares, simple past sparte, past participle spart, present participle sparende)

1. to save

Derived terms

• sparebank

References

• “spare” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: ?th??r
• (UK)
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /??ð?(?)/, [??ð?(?)]
  • (Northern England) IPA^(key): /?ð?/
• (US)
  • (General American) IPA^(key): /??ð?/
• (General Australian, General New Zealand) IPA^(key): /??ð?/, [?äð?]
• Hyphenation: oth?er
• Rhymes: -?ð?(r)

Etymology

From Middle English other, from Old English ?þer (“other, second”), from Proto-Germanic *anþeraz (“other, second”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?énteros (“other”). Cognate with Scots uther, ither (“other”), Old Frisian ?ther, ("other"; > North Frisian ü?er, ööder, ouder), Old Saxon ?thar (“other”), Old High German ander (“other”), Old Norse annarr, øðr-, aðr- (“other, second”), Gothic ???????????????????? (anþar, “other”), Old Prussian anters, antars (“other, second”), Lithuanian antroks (“other”, pronoun), Latvian otrs, otrais (“second”), Albanian ndërroj (“to change, switch, alternate”), Sanskrit ????? (ántara, “different”), Sanskrit ???? (anyá, “other, different”).

Adjective

other (not comparable)

1. See other (determiner) below.

   Synonyms: additional, another

2. Second.

   Synonym: alternate

3. Alien.

   Synonym: foreign
4. Different.

   Synonyms: disparate, dissimilar, distinctive, distinguishable, diverse; see also Thesaurus:different

   Antonym: same
5. (obsolete) Left, as opposed to right.

Derived terms

• otherdom
• otherhood
• otherish
• otherling
• otherly
• otherness
• other rank
• other side

Translations

Noun

other (plural others)

1. An other, another (person, etc), more often rendered as another.

2. The other one; the second of two.
   • 1699, William Temple, Heads designed for an essay on conversations

     Study gives strength to the mind; conversation, grace: the first apt to give stiffness, the other suppleness: one gives substance and form to the statue, the other polishes it.

Derived terms

• others

Translations

Determiner

other

1. Not the one or ones previously referred to.
   • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:other.

Antonyms

• same

Derived terms

• this, that, and the other

Translations

Adverb

other (not comparable)

1. Apart from; in the phrase "other than".

2. (obsolete) Otherwise.

Related terms

• another
• otherwise

Translations

Verb

other (third-person singular simple present others, present participle othering, simple past and past participle othered)

1. (transitive) To regard, label, or treat as an "other", as not part of the same group; to view as different and alien.
2. (transitive) To treat as different or separate; segregate; ostracise.
   • 2007, Christopher Emdin, City University of New York. Urban Education, Exploring the contexts of urban science classrooms:

     In this scenario, the young lady who had spoken had been othered by her peers and her response to my question had been dismissed as invalid despite the fact that she was alright.

Derived terms

• otherer
• othering
• otherize
• otherization

Anagrams

• Rothe, heort-, hetro, rothe, thero-, threo-, throe

Middle English

Etymology

From Old English ?þer. Compare German oder.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?oð?r/, /?o?ð?r/

Conjunction

other

1. or; synonym of or

Determiner

other

1. other

Descendants

• English: other
• Yola: ooree, oree

References

• “???ther, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Old Frisian

Alternative forms

• ?r (Old West Frisian)

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *anþar, from Proto-Germanic *anþeraz, from Proto-Indo-European *h?énteros. Cognates include Old English ?þer, Old Saxon ?thar and Old Dutch andar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?o?ðer/

Adjective

?ther

1. other
2. second

Descendants

• North Frisian:

  Föhr-Amrum: öler

  Hallig: öör

  Helgoland: uur

  Mooring: ouder

  Sylt: ü?er

• Saterland Frisian: uur, our
• West Frisian: oar

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, ?ISBN