different between solidus vs diagonal

English

Etymology

From classical Latin solidus (“solid”), see below.

In numismatic and weight senses, via medieval Latin solidus (“various coins”), from Late Latin solidus (“a gold coin of the Roman Empire”). In chemical sense, via German Solidus, coined by H.W.B. Roozeboom in his 1899 Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Stöchiometrie, und Verwandtschaftslehre (XXX, page 387).

In typography, from the shilling mark originally being an abbreviation (a long s ???), of Medieval Latin solidus meaning shilling.

Pronunciation

• (General American) enPR: s?l'?d?s, IPA^(key): /?s?l?d?s/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?s?l?d?s/

Noun

solidus (plural solidi or soliduses)

1. (historical) Various medieval and early modern coins or units of account, particularly:
   1. A Roman ~23k gold coin introduced by Diocletian in AD 301 and called by that name, but reissued at a slightly lower weight by Constantine I.
   2. Its successor Byzantine coins, from the eleventh century onward of progressively debased weight and purity.
   3. (obsolete) Synonym of sol or sou: a Carolingian unit of account equivalent to a solidus of silver.
   4. (obsolete) Synonym of soldo: the silver coins of various Italian states.
   5. (obsolete) Synonym of shilling: an English unit of account and, following the Tudor dynasty, silver coin.
2. (historical) The weight of the Roman gold coin, 1/60 of a Roman pound under Diocletian or 1/72 lb. (about 4.5 grams) after Constantine.
4. (historical) A medieval French weight, 1/20 of the Carolingian pound.
5. (typography) Synonym of slash ?/?, originally (Britain) in its use as the shilling mark and now its formal designation by the ISO and Unicode.
6. (typography) The formal name of the oblique strikethrough overlay (as in A? and B?) in Unicode.
7. (typography) The division line between the numerator and the denominator of a fraction, whether horizontal or oblique.
8. (chemistry, physics) The line in a phase diagram marking the temperatures and pressures below which a given substance is a stable solid.

Synonyms

• (Roman coin): nomisma, bezant (in Greek and Byzantine contexts)
• (debased Byzantine successors): nomisma, hyperpyron, bezant
• (typographic symbols): See slash and strikethrough

Translations

See also

• (Roman coin under Diocletian): argenteus (notionally 1/10 solidus); nummus (1/40); radiate (1/200); laureate (1/500); denarius (1/1000)
• (Roman coin after Constantine I): miliarense (notionally 1/12 solidus); siliqua (1/24; a modern term); follis (1/180); nummus (1/7200)
• (Byzantine coins): dinar (a ~20k Arabian copy); semissis (notionally 1/2 solidus); tremissis (1/3 solidus)
• (English coin): pound, pound sterling, libra (20 solidi); penny, denarius (1/12 solidus)
• (Roman weight): Roman pound, librum (72 solidi); siliqua (1/24 solidus)
• (French weight): livre, librum, pound (20 solidi); denarius, denier (1/12 solidus)
• liquidus
• macron
• vinculum

References

• Oxford English Dictionary, "solidus, n.¹" and "solidus, n.²"
• solidus in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• solidus at OneLook Dictionary Search

Anagrams

• dulosis

Latin

Alternative forms

• soldus

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *soliðos, from Proto-Indo-European *solh?-i-d?-o-s (“entire”), suffixed form of root *solh?- (“integrate, whole”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?so.li.dus/, [?s??l?d??s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?so.li.dus/, [?s??lid?us]

Adjective

solidus (feminine solida, neuter solidum, comparative solidior); first/second-declension adjective

1. solid

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Derived terms

• solid?

Descendants

Noun

solidus m (genitive solid?); second declension

1. A solidus: a Roman ~23-carat gold coin introduced by Diocletian in AD 301.
2. (Medieval) A bezant: the solidus's debased Byzantine successors.
3. (Medieval) A shilling, as a unit of account or silver coin.
   • c. 1300, Tractatus de Ponderibus et Mensuris

     Libra continet viginti solidos

     The [London] pound contains twenty shillings.

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Descendants

References

• solidus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• solidus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• solidus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• solidus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• solidus in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• solidus in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• solidus in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• solid in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

English

Etymology

From Middle French diagonal, from Latin diag?n?lis, from Ancient Greek ????????? (diag?nios, “from angle to angle”), from ??? (diá, “across”) + ????? (g?nía, “angle”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /da??æ??n?l/, /da??æ?n?l/

Adjective

diagonal (not comparable)

1. (geometry) Joining two nonadjacent vertices (of a polygon or polyhedron).
2. Having slanted or oblique lines or markings.
3. Having a slanted or oblique direction.
4. Of or related to the cater-corner (diagonally opposite) legs of a quadruped, whether the front left and back right or front right and back left.

Synonyms

• (having a slanted or oblique direction): aslant, aslope, slanted, slanting, sloped, sloping

Derived terms

• diagonally
• diagonalization
• diagonal argument

Translations

Noun

diagonal (plural diagonals)

1. (geometry) A line joining non-adjacent vertices of a polygon.
2. Anything forming or resembling such a line, particularly:
   1. (geometry) A line or plane at an oblique angle to another.
   2. (fashion) A line or cut across a fabric at an oblique angle to its sides.
   3. (typography, uncommon) Synonym of slash ?/?.
      • 1965, Dmitri A. Borgmann, Language on Vacation, page 240:

        Initial inquiries among professional typists uncover names like slant, slant line, slash, and slash mark. Examination of typing instruction manuals discloses additional names such as diagonal and diagonal mark, and other sources provide the designation oblique.

Synonyms

• (oblique line or cut across a fabric): bias
• (oblique punctuation mark): See slash

Antonyms

• (oblique punctuation mark): See backslash

Derived terms

• diagonal mark

Translations

Anagrams

• ganoidal, gonadial

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin diag?n?lis, from Ancient Greek ????????? (diag?nios, “from angle to angle”).

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /di.?.?o?nal/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /di.?.?u?nal/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /di.a.?o?nal/

Adjective

diagonal (masculine and feminine plural diagonals)

1. diagonal

Derived terms

• diagonalment

Noun

diagonal f (plural diagonals)

1. diagonal

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dia?ona?l/, [d?ia??o?næ??l]

Adjective

diagonal

1. diagonal

Inflection

Noun

diagonal c (singular definite diagonalen, plural indefinite diagonaler)

1. diagonal

Declension

References

• “diagonal” in Den Danske Ordbog

French

Etymology

From Latin diag?n?lis.

Adjective

diagonal (feminine singular diagonale, masculine plural diagonaux, feminine plural diagonales)

1. diagonal, transverse, oblique

Derived terms

• diagonalement

Further reading

• “diagonal” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Galician

Etymology

From Latin diag?n?lis.

Adjective

diagonal m or f (plural diagonais)

1. diagonal

Derived terms

• diagonalmente

Further reading

• “diagonal” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.

German

Etymology

From Latin diag?n?lis, from Ancient Greek ????????? (diag?nios, “from angle to angle”).

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -a?l

Adjective

diagonal (not comparable)

1. diagonal

Declension

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin diag?n?lis.

Adjective

diagonal m or f (plural diagonais, comparable)

1. (geometry) diagonal (joining two nonadjacent vertices)
2. diagonal (having a slanted or oblique direction)

Derived terms

• diagonalmente

Noun

diagonal f (plural diagonais)

1. diagonal (something arranged diagonally or obliquely)
2. (geometry) diagonal (diagonal line or plane)

Further reading

• “diagonal” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Romanian

Etymology

From French diagonal

Adjective

diagonal m or n (feminine singular diagonal?, masculine plural diagonali, feminine and neuter plural diagonale)

1. diagonal

Declension

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin diag?n?lis, from Ancient Greek ????????? (diag?nios, “from angle to angle”).

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -al

Adjective

diagonal (plural diagonales)

1. diagonal

Derived terms

• diagonalmente
• matriz diagonal

Noun

diagonal f (plural diagonales)

1. diagonal

Derived terms

• diagonal principal

Swedish

Etymology

From Latin diag?n?lis, from Ancient Greek ????????? (diag?nios, “from angle to angle”).

Adjective

diagonal (not comparable)

1. diagonal

Declension

Derived terms

• diagonalt

Noun

diagonal c

1. diagonal

Declension

Derived terms

• diagonala