different between skew vs lean

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /skju?/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /skju/
• Rhymes: -u?
• Homophone: SKU

Alternative forms

• skeugh

Etymology 1

The verb is derived from Middle English skeuen, skewe, skewen (“to run at an angle or obliquely; to escape”), from Old Northern French escuer [and other forms], variants of Old French eschuer, eschever, eschiver (“to escape, flee; to avoid”) (modern French esquiver (“to dodge (a blow), duck; to elude, evade; to slip away; to sidestep”)), from Frankish *skiuhan (“to dread; to avoid, shun”), from Proto-Germanic *skiuhijan? (“to frighten”). The English word is cognate with Danish skæv (“crooked, slanting; skew, wry”), Norwegian skjev (“crooked, lopsided; oblique, slanting; distorted”), Saterland Frisian skeeuw (“aslant, slanting; oblique; awry”), and is a doublet of eschew.

The adjective and adverb are probably derived from the verb and/or from askew, and the noun is derived from either the adjective or the verb.

Verb

skew (third-person singular simple present skews, present participle skewing, simple past and past participle skewed)

1. (transitive) To form or shape in an oblique way; to cause to take an oblique position.

   Antonym: unskew

   1. (statistics) To cause (a distribution) to be asymmetrical.
2. (transitive) To bias or distort in a particular direction.
3. (transitive, Northumbria, Yorkshire) To hurl or throw.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:throw

4. (intransitive) To move obliquely; to move sideways, to sidle; to lie obliquely.
5. (intransitive) To jump back or sideways in fear or surprise; to shy, as a horse.
6. (intransitive) To look at obliquely; to squint; hence, to look slightingly or suspiciously.

Derived terms

Translations

Adjective

skew (not generally comparable, comparative skewer or more skew, superlative skewest or most skew)

1. (not comparable) Neither parallel nor at right angles to a certain line; askew.
2. (not comparable, geometry) Of two lines in three-dimensional space: neither intersecting nor parallel.
3. (comparable, statistics) Of a distribution: asymmetrical about its mean.

Derived terms

Translations

Adverb

skew (comparative more skew, superlative most skew)

1. (rare) Askew, obliquely; awry.

Noun

skew (plural skews)

1. Something that has an oblique or slanted position.
2. An oblique or sideways movement.
3. A squint or sidelong glance.
4. A kind of wooden vane or cowl in a chimney which revolves according to the direction of the wind and prevents smoking.
5. A piece of rock lying in a slanting position and tapering upwards which overhangs a working-place in a mine and is liable to fall.
6. A bias or distortion in a particular direction.
7. (electronics) A phenomenon in synchronous digital circuit systems (such as computers) in which the same sourced clock signal arrives at different components at different times.
8. (statistics) A state of asymmetry in a distribution; skewness.

Derived terms

• on the skew
• skewness

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English skeu, skew (“stone with a sloping surface forming the slope of a gable, offset of a buttress, etc.”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman eschu, escuwe, eskeu, or Old Northern French eschieu, eskieu, eskiu, from Old French escu, escut, eschif (“a shield”) (modern French écu), from Latin sc?tum (“a shield”), from Proto-Indo-European *skewH- (“to cover, protect”) or *skey- (“to cut, split”).

Noun

skew (plural skews)

1. (architecture) A stone at the foot of the slope of a gable, the offset of a buttress, etc., cut with a sloping surface and with a check to receive the coping stones and retain them in place; a skew-corbel.
2. (chiefly Scotland, architecture) The coping of a gable.
3. (architecture, obsolete) One of the stones placed over the end of a gable, or forming the coping of a gable.

Translations

Notes

References

Further reading

• clock skew on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• skew lines on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• skew (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Middle English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /skiu?/
• Rhymes: -iu?

Etymology 1

From an earlier form of Old Norse ský, from Proto-Germanic *skiwj?; doublet of sky.

Alternative forms

• skiw, skue, skyw, skewe, skwe, skiu, scue, schew

Noun

skew (plural skewes)

1. sky, air
2. (rare) cloud

References

• “skeu, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-07-23.

Etymology 2

From Old French escu, from Latin sc?tum.

Alternative forms

• scuwe, skyu, scheu, skyew, scu

Noun

skew (plural skewes)

1. A segment of carved stone to cover a gable with.

References

• “skeu, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-07-23.

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: l?n, IPA^(key): /li?n/
• Rhymes: -i?n
• Homophone: lien

Etymology 1

From Middle English lenen (“to lean”), from Old English hleonian, hlinian (“to lean, recline, lie down, rest”), from Proto-Germanic *hlin?n? (“to lean, incline”), from Proto-Indo-European *?ley-. Cognate via Proto-Germanic with Middle Dutch leunen (“to lean”), German lehnen (“to lean”); via Proto-Indo-European with climate, cline.

Verb

lean (third-person singular simple present leans, present participle leaning, simple past and past participle leaned or (UK) leant)

1. To incline, deviate, or bend, from a vertical position; to be in a position thus inclining or deviating.

2. (copulative) To incline in opinion or desire; to conform in conduct; often with to, toward, etc.
3. Followed by against, on, or upon: to rest or rely, for support, comfort, etc.
4. To hang outwards.
5. To press against.

Derived terms

Related terms

• climate
• cline

Translations

Noun

lean (plural leans)

1. (of an object taller than its width and depth) An inclination away from the vertical.

   The trees had various leans toward gaps in the canopy.

Synonyms

• (inclination away from vertical): tilt

Etymology 2

From Middle English lene (“lean”), from Old English hl?ne (“lean”), (cognate with Low German leen), perhaps from hl?nan (“to cause to lean (due to hunger or lack of food)”), from Proto-Germanic *hlainijan? (“to cause to lean”). If so, then related to Old English hlinian, hleonian (“to lean”).

Adjective

lean (comparative leaner, superlative leanest)

1. (of a person or animal) Slim; not fleshy.

   Synonyms: lithe, svelte, willowy; see also Thesaurus:slender

2. (of meat) Having little fat.

3. Having little extra or little to spare; scanty; meagre.

   Synonyms: insufficient, scarce, sparse; see also Thesaurus:inadequate

4. Having a low proportion or concentration of a desired substance or ingredient.

   Synonyms: deficient, dilute, poor

   Antonym: rich

5. (printing, archaic) Of a character which prevents the compositor from earning the usual wages; opposed to fat.

6. (business) Efficient, economic, frugal, agile, slimmed-down; pertaining to the modern industrial principles of "lean manufacturing"

Derived terms

• leanness
• leansome

Translations

Noun

lean (countable and uncountable, plural leans)

1. (uncountable) Meat with no fat on it.
   • 1639 or earlier, Anon, Jack Sprat

     Jack Sprat would eat no fat, / His wife would eat no lean.

2. (countable, biology) An organism that is lean in stature.
   • 1986, Southwest Fisheries Center (U.S.), Collected Reprints (issue 1)

     The intermediates and leans are the predominant morphotypes found at the SE-NHR seamounts […]

   • 2012, Obesity: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional (page 56)

     Obese Zuckers, compared to leans, consumed more food under free-feeding conditions.

Verb

lean (third-person singular simple present leans, present participle leaning, simple past and past participle leaned)

1. To thin out (a fuel-air mixture): to reduce the fuel flow into the mixture so that there is more air or oxygen.

Etymology 3

From Icelandic leyna? Akin to German leugnen (“deny”). Compare lie (“speak falsely”).

Verb

lean (third-person singular simple present leans, present participle leaning, simple past and past participle leaned)

1. To conceal.

References

Etymology 4

Probably from the verb to lean (see etymology 1 above), supposedly because consumption of the intoxicating beverage causes one to "lean".

Noun

lean (uncountable)

1. (slang, US) A recreational drug based on codeine-laced promethazine cough syrup, popular in the hip hop community in the southeastern United States.

   Synonyms: sizzurp, syrup, purple drank

See also

• lean on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

References

• lean in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• lean in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Anagrams

• Alne, ELAN, Lane, Lena, Nale, Neal, elan, enal, lane, nale, neal, élan

Galician

Verb

lean

1. third-person plural present subjunctive of ler

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish lenaid (“stays, sticks (to), follows”), from Proto-Celtic *linati (“stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?leyH- (“to smear”); compare Latin lin? (“anoint”), l?mus (“mud, slime”), Sanskrit ?????? (lin?ti, “sticks, stays”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /l?an??/
• (Connacht, Ulster) IPA^(key): /l??an?/, /l??an??/

Verb

lean (present analytic leanann, future analytic leanfaidh, verbal noun leanúint, past participle leanta)

1. (transitive, intransitive) follow
2. continue

3. remain
4. endure

Conjugation

• Alternative verbal noun: leanacht (Cois Fharraige)

Derived terms

• folean
• leantóir

Further reading

• "lean" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “lenaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Northern Sami

Pronunciation

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /?lea?n/

Verb

lean

1. inflection of leat:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. past indicative connegative

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /læ???n/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *laun?, from a suffixed form of Proto-Indo-European *leh?w- (“catch, plunder, profit”). Cognate with Old Frisian l?n, Old Saxon l?n, Dutch loon, Old High German l?n (German Lohn), Old Norse laun (Swedish lön), Gothic ???????????????? (laun). The Indo-European root is also the source of Ancient Greek ???? (leía) (from *?????), Latin lucrum, Old Church Slavonic ???? (lov?) (Russian ??? (lov)), Old Irish lóg, Lithuanian lãvinti.

Noun

l?an n

1. reward

Declension

Derived terms

• i?l?an

Related terms

• l?anian

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *lahan?. Cognate with Old Saxon lahan, Old High German lahan, Old Norse lá, Gothic ???????????????????? (laian).

Verb

l?an

1. (transitive) to blame, fault, reproach

Conjugation

Descendants

• Middle English: *l?en (attested in past tense lough)

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish lenaid (“stays, sticks (to), follows”), from Proto-Celtic *linati (“stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?leyH- (“to smear”); compare Latin lin? (“anoint”), Sanskrit ?????? (lin?ti, “sticks, stays”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??n/

Verb

lean (past lean, future leanaidh, verbal noun leantainn or leanmhainn, past participle leanta)

1. follow
2. continue, proceed

Derived terms

• fo-leantach (“subjunctive”)
• lean air (“continue”)
• ainlean (“persecute”)

Spanish

Verb

lean

1. Second-person plural (ustedes) imperative form of leer.
2. Second-person plural (ustedes) present subjunctive form of leer.
3. Third-person plural (ellos, ellas, also used with ustedes^?) present subjunctive form of leer.

West Frisian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

lean n (plural leanen, diminutive leantsje)

1. wage, wages, salary
2. reward

Further reading

• “lean”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011