different between sinister vs deplorable

sinister

English

Alternative forms

  • sinistre (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English sinistre (unlucky), from Old French sinistra (left), from Latin sinestra (left hand).

Pronunciation

  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?s?n?st?/
  • (US) IPA(key): /?s?n?st?/
  • Accented on the middle syllable by the older poets, such as Shakespeare, Milton, and Dryden.

Adjective

sinister (comparative more sinister, superlative most sinister)

  1. Inauspicious, ominous, unlucky, illegitimate (as in bar sinister).
    • All the several ills that visit earth, / Brought forth by night, with a sinister birth.
  2. Evil or seemingly evil; indicating lurking danger or harm.
    sinister influences
    the sinister atmosphere of the crypt
  3. Of the left side.
    • 1911, Saki, ‘The Unrest-Cure’, The Chronicles of Clovis:
      Before the train had stopped he had decorated his sinister shirt-cuff with the inscription, ‘J. P. Huddle, The Warren, Tilfield, near Slowborough.’
  4. (heraldry) On the left side of a shield from the wearer's standpoint, and the right side to the viewer.
  5. (obsolete) Wrong, as springing from indirection or obliquity; perverse; dishonest.
    • 1612, Francis Bacon, Of Judicature
      Nimble and sinister tricks and shifts.
    • 1667, Robert South, The Practice of Religion Enforced by Reason
      He scorns to undermine another's interest by any sinister or inferior arts.

Antonyms

  • (of the right side): dexter
  • (heraldry): dexter

Derived terms

Translations

Anagrams

  • insister, resistin, sinistre

Dutch

Pronunciation

Adjective

sinister (comparative sinisterder, superlative sinisterst)

  1. sinister

Inflection


German

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /zi?n?st?/

Adjective

sinister (comparative sinisterer, superlative am sinistersten)

  1. sinister

Declension


Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *senisteros, of unknown origin, but possibly from a euphemism from the same Proto-Indo-European root as Sanskrit ??????? (san?y?n, more useful, more advantageous).

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA(key): /si?nis.ter/, [s???n?s?t??r]
  • (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /si?nis.ter/, [si?nist??r]

Adjective

sinister (feminine sinistra, neuter sinistrum); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)

  1. left
    Synonyms: laevus, scaevus
    Antonym: dexter
  2. perverse, bad; or adverse, hostile
    • 1st BC, Virgilius
      mores sinistri
      arboribus Notus sinister
  3. (religion) auspicious (for Romans) or inauspicious (for Greeks)
    • 1st BC, Virgilius
      sinistra cornix, good omen
    • 2nd century, Apuleius
      sinistro pede profectus, started with bad omen

Declension

First/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er).

Descendants

References

  • sinister in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • sinister in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • Castiglioni-Mariotti, IL

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deplorable

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French déplorable, from Late Latin d?pl?r?bilis., from d?- +? pl?r? +? -bilis.

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /d??pl????b??/

Adjective

deplorable (comparative more deplorable, superlative most deplorable)

  1. Deserving strong condemnation; shockingly bad, wretched.
  2. To be felt sorrow for; worthy of compassion; lamentable.
    • 1719, Daniel Defoe, The life and adventures of Robinson Crusoe
      There was a youth and his mother, and a maidservant on board, who were going passengers, and thinking the ship was ready to sail, unhappily came on board the evening before the hurricane began; and having no provisions of their own left, they were in a more deplorable condition than the rest.
    • 1840, Public Documents of the State of Maine, "Report Relating to the Insane Hospital", Committee on Public Buildings
      If, however, the early symptoms of insanity be neglected till the brain becomes accustomed to the irregular actions of disease, or till organic changes take place from the early violence of those actions, then the case becomes hopeless of cure. In this situation, in too many cases, the victim of this deplorable malady is cast off by his friends, thrust into a dungeon or in chains, there to remain till the shattered intellect shall exhaust all its remaining energies in perpetual raving and violence, till it sinks into hopeless and deplorable idiocy.

Synonyms

  • pathetic

Translations

Noun

deplorable (plural deplorables)

  1. A person or thing that is to be deplored.
    • 1970, Esquire (volume 74)
      [] heralding, this season, an end of the most awful of all apparel abominations, that most despicable of all deplorables, the ankle sock.
  2. (neologism, US politics) A Trumpist conservative, in reference to a 2016 speech by Hillary Clinton calling half of Donald Trump's supporters a "basket of deplorables".

Further reading

  • deplorable at OneLook Dictionary Search
  • deplorable in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Middle French

Etymology

Late 15th century, borrowed from Latin d?pl?r?bilis.

Adjective

deplorable m or f (plural deplorables)

  1. deplorable (worthy of compassion)

Spanish

Etymology

From Late Latin d?pl?r?bilis, equivalent to deplorar +? -able.

Adjective

deplorable (plural deplorables)

  1. deplorable

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