different between sinister vs cold

sinister

English

Alternative forms

  • sinistre (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English sinistre (unlucky), from Old French sinistra (left), from Latin sinestra (left hand).

Pronunciation

  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?s?n?st?/
  • (US) IPA(key): /?s?n?st?/
  • Accented on the middle syllable by the older poets, such as Shakespeare, Milton, and Dryden.

Adjective

sinister (comparative more sinister, superlative most sinister)

  1. Inauspicious, ominous, unlucky, illegitimate (as in bar sinister).
    • All the several ills that visit earth, / Brought forth by night, with a sinister birth.
  2. Evil or seemingly evil; indicating lurking danger or harm.
    sinister influences
    the sinister atmosphere of the crypt
  3. Of the left side.
    • 1911, Saki, ‘The Unrest-Cure’, The Chronicles of Clovis:
      Before the train had stopped he had decorated his sinister shirt-cuff with the inscription, ‘J. P. Huddle, The Warren, Tilfield, near Slowborough.’
  4. (heraldry) On the left side of a shield from the wearer's standpoint, and the right side to the viewer.
  5. (obsolete) Wrong, as springing from indirection or obliquity; perverse; dishonest.
    • 1612, Francis Bacon, Of Judicature
      Nimble and sinister tricks and shifts.
    • 1667, Robert South, The Practice of Religion Enforced by Reason
      He scorns to undermine another's interest by any sinister or inferior arts.

Antonyms

  • (of the right side): dexter
  • (heraldry): dexter

Derived terms

Translations

Anagrams

  • insister, resistin, sinistre

Dutch

Pronunciation

Adjective

sinister (comparative sinisterder, superlative sinisterst)

  1. sinister

Inflection


German

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /zi?n?st?/

Adjective

sinister (comparative sinisterer, superlative am sinistersten)

  1. sinister

Declension


Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *senisteros, of unknown origin, but possibly from a euphemism from the same Proto-Indo-European root as Sanskrit ??????? (san?y?n, more useful, more advantageous).

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA(key): /si?nis.ter/, [s???n?s?t??r]
  • (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /si?nis.ter/, [si?nist??r]

Adjective

sinister (feminine sinistra, neuter sinistrum); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)

  1. left
    Synonyms: laevus, scaevus
    Antonym: dexter
  2. perverse, bad; or adverse, hostile
    • 1st BC, Virgilius
      mores sinistri
      arboribus Notus sinister
  3. (religion) auspicious (for Romans) or inauspicious (for Greeks)
    • 1st BC, Virgilius
      sinistra cornix, good omen
    • 2nd century, Apuleius
      sinistro pede profectus, started with bad omen

Declension

First/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er).

Descendants

References

  • sinister in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • sinister in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • Castiglioni-Mariotti, IL

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cold

English

Pronunciation

  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /k??ld/, /k??ld/
  • (General American) enPR: k?ld, IPA(key): /ko?ld/
  • Homophone: coaled
  • Rhymes: -??ld

Etymology 1

From Middle English cold, from Old English, specifically Anglian cald. The West Saxon form, ?eald (cold), survived as early Middle English cheald, cheld, or chald. Both descended from Proto-West Germanic *kald, from Proto-Germanic *kaldaz, a participle form of *kalan? (to be cold), from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (cold).

Adjective

cold (comparative colder, superlative coldest)

  1. (of a thing) Having a low temperature.
  2. (of the weather) Causing the air to be cold.
  3. (of a person or animal) Feeling the sensation of coldness, especially to the point of discomfort.
  4. Unfriendly, emotionally distant or unfeeling.
    • 2011 April 23, Doctor Who, series 6, episode 1, The Impossible Astronaut:
      RIVER SONG (upon seeing the still-living DOCTOR, moments after he made her and two other friends watch what they thought was his death): This is cold. Even by your standards, this is cold.
  5. Dispassionate, not prejudiced or partisan, impartial.
  6. Completely unprepared; without introduction.
  7. Unconscious or deeply asleep; deprived of the metaphorical heat associated with life or consciousness.
  8. (usually with "have" or "know" transitively) Perfectly, exactly, completely; by heart.
  9. (usually with "have" transitively) Cornered, done for.
  10. (obsolete) Not pungent or acrid.
    • cold plants
  11. (obsolete) Unexciting; dull; uninteresting.
    • 1641, Ben Jonson, Discoveries Made upon Men and Matter
      What a deal of cold business doth a man misspend the better part of life in!
    • The jest grows cold [] when it comes on in a second scene.
  12. Affecting the sense of smell (as of hunting dogs) only feebly; having lost its odour.
  13. (obsolete) Not sensitive; not acute.
  14. Distant; said, in the game of hunting for some object, of a seeker remote from the thing concealed. Compare warm and hot.
  15. (painting) Having a bluish effect; not warm in colour.
  16. (databases) Rarely used or accessed, and thus able to be relegated to slower storage.
  17. (informal) Without compassion; heartless; ruthless
    I can't believe she said that...that was cold!
  18. (informal) Not radioactive. [from the 20thc.]
    • 1953, Philip K. Dick, "That's right," Jackson said. "The Old Man will be pleased to welcome you." There was eagerness in his reedy voice. "What do you say? We'll take care of you. Feed you, bring you cold plants and animals. For a week maybe?"”, in Planet for Transients, a short story published in Fantastic Universe magazine: Oct-Nov 1953. Page 64
Synonyms
  • (of a thing, having a low temperature): chilled, chilly, freezing, frigid, glacial, icy, cool
  • (of the weather): (UK, slang) brass monkeys, nippy, parky, taters
  • (of a person or animal):
  • (unfriendly): aloof, distant, hostile, standoffish, unfriendly, unwelcoming
  • (unprepared): unprepared, unready
  • See also Thesaurus:cold
Antonyms
  • (having a low temperature): baking, boiling, heated, hot, scorching, searing, torrid, warm
  • (of the weather): hot (See the corresponding synonyms of hot.)
  • (of a person or animal): hot (See the corresponding synonyms of hot.)
  • (unfriendly): amiable, friendly, welcoming
  • (unprepared): prepared, primed, ready
  • (not radioactive): hot, radioactive
Derived terms
Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English cold, colde, from Old English cald, ?eald (cold, coldness), from Proto-Germanic *kald? (coldness), from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (cold).

Noun

cold (plural colds)

  1. A condition of low temperature.
  2. (with 'the', figuratively) A harsh place; a place of abandonment.
    The former politician was left out in the cold after his friends deserted him.
  3. (medicine) A common, usually harmless, viral illness, usually with congestion of the nasal passages and sometimes fever.
  4. (slang) rheum, sleepy dust
    • 1994, Notorious B.I.G., Warning
      Who the fuck is this, pagin' me at 5:46 in the morning? / crack of dawn and now I'm yawnin' / wipe the cold out my eye, see who's this pagin' me and why
    • 1996, Ghostface Killah, All That I Got Is You
      But I remember this, moms would lick her finger tips / to wipe the cold out my eye before school with her spit
Synonyms
  • (low temperature): coldness
  • (illness): common cold, coryza, head cold, pose
Derived terms
Coordinate terms
  • freeze, frost
Translations

Etymology 3

From Middle English colde, from Old English calde, ?ealde (coldly), from the adjective (see above).

Adverb

cold (comparative more cold, superlative most cold)

  1. While at low temperature.
    The steel was processed cold.
  2. Without preparation.
    The speaker went in cold and floundered for a topic.
  3. With finality.
    I knocked him out cold.
  4. (slang, informal, dated) In a cold, frank, or realistically honest manner.
    • 1986, Run-DMC, Peter Piper.
      Now Little Bo Peep cold lost her sheep / And Rip van Winkle fell the hell asleep

References

See also

  • cool
  • fresh
  • lukewarm
  • tepid

Anagrams

  • clod, loc'd

Middle English

Alternative forms

  • cald, cheld, cheald, chald

Etymology

From Old English cald, an Anglian form of ?eald.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /k??ld/
  • (from the form ?eald) IPA(key): /t???ld/

Adjective

cold (plural and weak singular colde, comparative colder, superlative *coldest)

  1. (temperature) cold, cool
  2. (weather) cold, cool
  3. (locations) having a tendency to be cold
  4. cold-feeling, cold when touched, cooled, chilly
  5. lifeless, having the pallor of death
  6. cold-hearted, indifferent, insensitive
  7. distressed, sorrowful, worried
  8. (alchemy, medicine) Considered to be alchemically cold

Descendants

  • English: cold
  • Scots: cald, cauld
  • Yola: cole, khoal

References

  • “c?ld, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-03-26.

Noun

cold

  1. cold, coldness
  2. The feeling of coldness or chill
  3. Lack of feelings or emotion
  4. (alchemy, medicine) Alchemical coldness

Descendants

  • English: cold
  • Scots: cald, cauld

References

  • “c?ld, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-03-26.

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