different between short vs tart

English

Etymology

From Middle English schort, short, from Old English s?eort, s?ort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-.

Cognate with shirt, skirt, curt, Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”), Proto-Slavic *kort?k?. Doublet of curt. More at shirt.

Pronunciation

• enPR: shôrt
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /???t/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /???t/
• (St. Louis (Missouri)) IPA^(key): [???t]
• (General Australian, General New Zealand) IPA^(key): /?o?t/
• Rhymes: -??(?)t

Adjective

short (comparative shorter, superlative shortest)

1. Having a small distance from one end or edge to another, either horizontally or vertically.
2. (of a person) Of comparatively small height.
3. Having little duration.

   Antonym: long

4. (followed by for) Of a word or phrase, constituting an abbreviation (for another) or shortened form (of another).

5. (cricket, of a fielder or fielding position) that is relatively close to the batsman.
6. (cricket, of a ball) bowled so that it bounces relatively far from the batsman.
7. (golf, of an approach shot or putt) that falls short of the green or the hole.
8. (of pastries) Brittle, crumbly, especially due to the use of a large quantity of fat. (See shortbread, shortcake, shortcrust, shortening.)
9. Abrupt; brief; pointed; petulant.

10. Limited in quantity; inadequate; insufficient; scanty.

11. Insufficiently provided; inadequately supplied, especially with money; scantily furnished; lacking.

12. Deficient; less; not coming up to a measure or standard.
13. (colloquial) Undiluted; neat.
14. (obsolete) Not distant in time; near at hand.
    • But, alas! he who escapes from death is not pardoned; he is only reprieved, and reprieved to a short day.

15. Being in a financial investment position that is structured to be profitable if the price of the underlying security declines in the future.

Usage notes

• (having a small distance between ends or edges): Short is often used in the positive vertical dimension and used as is shallow in the negative vertical dimension; in the horizontal dimension narrow is more commonly used.

Synonyms

• (having a small distance between ends or edges): low, narrow, slim, shallow
• (of a person, of comparatively little height): little, pint-sized, petite, titchy (slang)
• (having little duration): brief, concise
• (constituting an abbreviation (for)): an abbreviation of, a short form of

Antonyms

• (having a small distance between ends or edges): tall, high, wide, broad, deep, long
• (of a person, of comparatively little height): tall
• (having little duration): long
• (cricket, of a fielder or fielding position, relatively close to the batsman): long
• (financial position expecting falling value): long

Translations

Adverb

short (not comparable)

1. Abruptly, curtly, briefly.

2. Unawares.

3. Without achieving a goal or requirement.

4. (cricket, of the manner of bounce of a cricket ball) Relatively far from the batsman and hence bouncing higher than normal; opposite of full.
5. (finance) With a negative ownership position.

Derived terms

• three stops short of Dagenham

Translations

Noun

short (plural shorts)

1. A short circuit.
2. A short film.
   • 2012 July 12, Sam Adams, AV Club Ice Age: Continental Drift[2]

     Preceded by a Simpsons short shot in 3-D—perhaps the only thing more superfluous than a fourth Ice Age movie—Ice Age: Continental Drift finds a retinue of vaguely contemporaneous animals coping with life in the post-Pangaea age.

3. A short version of a garment in a particular size.

4. (baseball) A shortstop.

5. (finance) A short seller.

6. (finance) A short sale.

7. A summary account.
8. (phonetics) A short sound, syllable, or vowel.
9. (programming) An integer variable having a smaller range than normal integers; usually two bytes long.
10. (US, slang) An automobile; especially in crack shorts, to break into automobiles.
    • 1975, Mary Sanches, Ben G. Blount, Sociocultural Dimensions of Language Use (page 47)

      For example, one addict would crack shorts (break and enter cars) and usually obtain just enough stolen goods to buy stuff and get off just before getting sick.

    • 1982, United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Juvenile Justice, Career Criminal Life Sentence Act of 1981: Hearings (page 87)

      […] list of all crimes reported by these 61 daily criminals during their years on the street is: theft (this includes shoplifting; "cracking shorts", burglary and other forms of stealing), dealing, forgery, gambling, confidence games (flim-flam, etc.) […]

Translations

See also

• shorts

Verb

short (third-person singular simple present shorts, present participle shorting, simple past and past participle shorted)

1. (transitive) To cause a short circuit in (something).
2. (intransitive) Of an electrical circuit, to short circuit.
3. (transitive) To shortchange.
4. (transitive) To provide with a smaller than agreed or labeled amount.

5. (transitive, business) To sell something, especially securities, that one does not own at the moment for delivery at a later date in hopes of profiting from a decline in the price; to sell short.
6. (obsolete) To shorten.

Translations

Preposition

short

1. Deficient in.

2. (finance) Having a negative position in.

Synonyms

• (deficient in): lacking, short on

Translations

Derived terms

Anagrams

• Stohr, horst, hotrs, thors, trosh

Albanian

Etymology

Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin sors, sortem.

Noun

short m

1. drawing (action where the outcome is selected by chance using a draw)
2. sweepstakes

Chinese

Etymology

From English short.

Pronunciation

Adjective

short

1. (Cantonese) insane; crazy

Derived terms

Verb

short

1. (Cantonese, of electronics) to malfunction
2. (Cantonese, electrical engineering) to short-circuit

References

• ???? [3]

French

Etymology

From English shorts.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???t/

Noun

short m (plural shorts)

1. shorts, short trousers (UK)

   Avec un pantalon, j'ai moins froid aux jambes qu'avec un short.

   “With trousers on, my legs are not as cold as with shorts on.”

Further reading

• “short” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Etymology

From English short.

Noun

short m (invariable)

1. short (short film etc)

Middle English

Adjective

short

1. Alternative form of schort

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• shorts

Etymology

From English shorts.

Noun

short m (plural shorts)

1. shorts (pants that do not go lower than the knees)

   Synonym: calção

Spanish

Etymology

From English shorts.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??o?t/, [??o?t?]

Noun

short m (plural shorts)

1. shorts

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /t??t/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /t??t/
• Rhymes: -??(?)t

Etymology 1

From Middle English tart, from Old English teart (“sharp, rough, severe”), from Proto-Germanic *tartaz (“rough, sharp, tearing”), from Proto-Germanic *teran? (“to tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split, cleave”). Related to Dutch tarten (“to defy, challenge, mock”), German trotzen (“to defy, brave, mock”), German zart (“delicate, tender”), perhaps Albanian thartë (“sour, acid, sharp”).

Adjective

tart (comparative tarter, superlative tartest)

1. Sharp to the taste; acid; sour.

   I ate a very tart apple.

2. (of wine) high or too high in acidity.
3. (figuratively) Sharp; keen; severe.

   He gave me a very tart reply.

Synonyms

• (of wine: high in acidity): green

Derived terms

• tarten
• tartness

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English tart, tarte, from Old French tarte, tartre (“flat pastry”) (compare Medieval Latin tarta), of unknown origin. Perhaps an alteration of Old French torte, tourte, from Vulgar Latin *torta, from torta (“twisted”) panis (“bread”), from feminine of Latin tortus (“twisted, folded over”). Cognate to torta.

Noun

tart (plural tarts)

1. A type of small open pie, or piece of pastry, containing jelly or conserve; a sort of fruit pie.

Derived terms

• Bakewell tart
• egg tart
• pineapple tart
• treacle tart

Related terms

• tort
• torta
• torte
• torture

Translations

Etymology 3

From sweetheart or jam tart (“attractive woman”) by shortening

Noun

tart (plural tarts)

1. (Britain, slang) A prostitute.
2. (Britain, slang, derogatory) By extension, any woman with loose sexual morals.
   • 1950, Roy E. Blick (police inspector), testimony before the United States Congress:

     We know the majority of the places that these tarts will hang out at.

Synonyms

• (prostitute): See also Thesaurus:prostitute
• (prostitute): See also Thesaurus:promiscuous woman

Derived terms

• tartlet

Translations

Verb

tart (third-person singular simple present tarts, present participle tarting, simple past and past participle tarted)

1. To practice prostitution
2. To practice promiscuous sex
3. To dress garishly, ostentatiously, whorishly, or sluttily

Derived terms

• pop tart (slang)
• tart up

Anagrams

• Trat, attr

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -?rt

Verb

tart

1. first-, second- and third-person singular present indicative of tarten
2. imperative of tarten

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?t?rt]
• Rhymes: -?rt

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

tart

1. (transitive) to keep (many different senses overlapping with English, see examples)

   Synonyms: ?riz, meg?riz

2. (transitive) to hold

   Synonym: fog

3. (transitive) to support (keep in the same place, withstanding its weight)

   Synonyms: támaszt, megtámaszt

   Antonym: elenged (to let go)

4. (intransitive) to take up space or time, extend, to last (-tól/-t?l … -ig)

   Antonyms: végz?dik, véget ér (to end)

5. (intransitive) momentarily describing whether a process is still in progress, and if yes how far it has gone

6. (intransitive) to esteem, deem, regard, think highly or poorly of (with -ra/-re)
7. (intransitive) to head into a direction

   Synonym: megy

8. (intransitive) to fear (of someone or something -tól/-t?l)

   Synonym: fél
9. (intransitive, used with attól) to be afraid, to be regretful, to be sorry

   Synonym: sajnál

10. (mathematics) to converge, have limit at (-hoz/-hez/-höz or -ba/-be)

Conjugation

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

Etymology 2

tar (“bald”) +? -t (accusative suffix)

Adjective

tart

1. accusative singular of tar

Further reading

• tart in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish tart, from Proto-Celtic *tartus, from Proto-Indo-European *térstus, from *ters- (“dry”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t??a??t??/

Noun

tart m (genitive singular tarta)

1. thirst

Declension

Mutation

References

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “tart”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• “tart” in Foclóir Gae?ilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 2nd ed., 1927, by Patrick S. Dinneen.
• "tart" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English teart, from Proto-Germanic *tartaz.

Alternative forms

• (Early ME) teart
• tarte, terte

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tart/
• (dialectal) IPA^(key): /t??rt/

Adjective

tart (rare)

1. Sour, tart; having much acidity.
2. (Early Middle English) Acute, keen; showing sharpness.

Descendants

• English: tart, teart
• Scots: tairt

References

• “tart, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-12-25.

Etymology 2

Noun

tart

1. Alternative form of tarte

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse tartr. Doublet of tert.

Noun

tart m (definite singular tarten, indefinite plural tarter, definite plural tartene)

1. (zoology) a small salmon

   Synonym: svele

References

• “tart” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Anagrams

• ratt

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse tartr. Doublet of tert.

Noun

tart m (definite singular tarten, indefinite plural tartar, definite plural tartane)

1. (zoology) a small salmon

   Synonyms: silung, svelung, svele

References

• “tart” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• ratt

Old French

Adjective

tart m (oblique and nominative feminine singular tarde)

1. late (after the end of a given period)

Adverb

tart

1. late (after the end of a given period)

Related terms

• tarder

Descendants

• French: tard

Old Irish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *tartus, from Proto-Indo-European *térstus, from *ters- (“dry”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tar?t/

Noun

tart m (genitive tarta)

1. thirst

Inflection

Descendants

• Irish: tart

Mutation

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tar?d/

Verb

·tart

1. first-person singular present subjunctive perfective prototonic of do·beir

Mutation

References

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “tart”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Norse

Noun

tart

1. accusative singular indefinite of tartr m

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tart/

Noun

tart

1. genitive plural of tarta