different between shock vs aggregate

English

Alternative forms

• choque (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /??k/
• (US) IPA^(key): /??k/
• Rhymes: -?k, -?k

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkan? (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakan? (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kAg'-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake. Cognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). More at shog.

Noun

shock (countable and uncountable, plural shocks)

1. A sudden, heavy impact.
   1. (figuratively) Something so surprising that it is stunning.
   2. A sudden or violent mental or emotional disturbance.
   3. (medicine) Electric shock, a sudden burst of electrical energy hitting a person or animal.
   4. (medicine) Circulatory shock, a medical emergency characterized by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements.
   5. (physics) A shock wave.

2. (mathematics) A discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation.

Synonyms

See Thesaurus:surprise

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Japanese: ???? (shokku)
• ? Korean: ?? (syokeu)

Translations

Verb

shock (third-person singular simple present shocks, present participle shocking, simple past and past participle shocked)

1. (transitive) To cause to be emotionally shocked, to cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset.

2. (transitive) To give an electric shock to.
3. (obsolete, intransitive) To meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter.
   • 1832, Thomas De Quincey, Klosterheim Or, the Masque

     They saw the moment approach when the two parties would shock together.

Translations

References

• John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989) , “shock”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ?ISBN

Etymology 2

Variant of shag.

Noun

shock (plural shocks)

1. An arrangement of sheaves for drying; a stook.
   • 1557, Thomas Tusser, Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry

     Cause it on shocks to be by and by set.

   • Behind the master walks, builds up the shocks.

2. (commerce, dated) A lot consisting of sixty pieces; a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods.
3. (by extension) A tuft or bunch of something, such as hair or grass.

   His head boasted a shock of sandy hair.

4. (obsolete) A small dog with long shaggy hair, especially a poodle or spitz; a shaggy lapdog.
   • 1827 Thomas Carlyle, The Fair-Haired Eckbert

     When I read of witty persons, I could not figure them but like the little shock. (translating the German Spitz)

Verb

shock (third-person singular simple present shocks, present participle shocking, simple past and past participle shocked)

1. (transitive) To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook.

Anagrams

• Kosch, hocks

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from English shock.

Noun

shock m (invariable)

1. shock (medical; violent or unexpected event)

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from English shock.

Noun

shock m (plural shocks)

1. shock

Derived terms

English

Etymology

From Latin aggreg?tus, perfect passive participle of aggreg? (“I flock together”), from ag- (combining form of ad (“to, toward”)) + greg? (“I flock or group”), from grex (“flock”). Compare gregarious.

Pronunciation

Noun and adjective

• enPR: ?'gr?g?t, IPA^(key): /?æ?????t/

Verb

• enPR: ?'gr?g?t, IPA^(key): /?æ?????e?t/

Noun

aggregate (countable and uncountable, plural aggregates)

1. A mass, assemblage, or sum of particulars; something consisting of elements but considered as a whole.
   • 1898, Arthur Berry, A Short History of Astronomy Chapter 12 - Herschel

     If the nebulosity were due to an aggregate of stars so far off as to be separately indistinguishable, then the central body would have to be a star of almost incomparably greater dimensions than an ordinary star; if, on the other hand, the central body were of dimensions comparable with those of an ordinary star, the nebulosity must be due to something other than a star cluster.

2. A mass formed by the union of homogeneous particles; – in distinction from a compound, formed by the union of heterogeneous particles.
   • 1847, William Black, A Practical Treatise on Brewing : Calculating Lengths and Gravities

     This in the second boiling will be replaced by nearly an equal quantity of worts, of the same gravity as turned out of the copper, which, in making the calculation, is to be deducted from the aggregate of the second worts, and so on with a third wort if necessary.

3. (mathematics, obsolete) A set (collection of objects).
4. (music) The full chromatic scale of twelve equal tempered pitches.
5. (sports) The total score in a set of games between teams or competitors, usually the combination of the home and away scores
   • 12 December 2016, Associated Press, Brazil and Argentina reportedly to play friendly at MCG in 2017

     Brazil won the first series 2-0 on aggregate before Argentina got revenge in 2012 via a penalty shootout.

6. (roofing) Crushed stone, crushed slag or water-worn gravel used for surfacing a built-up roof system.
7. Solid particles of low aspect ratio added to a composite material, as distinguished from the matrix and any fibers or reinforcements, especially the gravel and sand added to concrete.
   • 1823, James Fenimore Cooper, The Pioneers Chapter 21

     "Yes sair," returned the Frenchman, whose prominent eyes were watching the precarious footsteps of the beast he rode, as it picked its dangerous way among the roots of trees, holes, log bridges, and sloughs that formed the aggregate of the highway.
8. (Buddhism) Any of the five attributes that constitute the sentient being.

Synonyms

• (mass, assemblage, or sum of particulars): cluster
• (attribute of the sentient being in Buddhism): skandha

Translations

Derived terms

• aggregational
• in aggregate

See also

• composite
• conglomerate
• twelve-tone technique
• serialism

References

• DeLone et. al. (Eds.) (1975). Aspects of Twentieth-Century Music. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. ?ISBN, Ch. 6.

Adjective

aggregate (comparative more aggregate, superlative most aggregate)

1. Formed by a collection of particulars into a whole mass or sum; collective; combined; added up.
   • 1902, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Great Boer War Chapter 33 The Northern Operations from January to April, 1901

     All over the country small British columns had been operating during these months--operations which were destined to increase in scope and energy as the cold weather drew in. The weekly tale of prisoners and captures, though small for any one column, gave the aggregate result of a considerable victory.

2. Consisting or formed of smaller objects or parts.
3. Formed into clusters or groups of lobules.

4. (botany) Composed of several florets within a common involucre, as in the daisy; or of several carpels formed from one flower, as in the raspberry.
5. Having the several component parts adherent to each other only to such a degree as to be separable by mechanical means.
6. United into a common organized mass; said of certain compound animals.

Translations

Verb

aggregate (third-person singular simple present aggregates, present participle aggregating, simple past and past participle aggregated)

1. (transitive) To bring together; to collect into a mass or sum.

   The aggregated soil.

2. (archaic, transitive) To add or unite (e.g. a person), to an association.
3. (transitive) To amount in the aggregate to.

   There are ten loads, aggregating five hundred bushels.

Antonyms

• segregate

Translations

References

• aggregate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Italian

Verb

aggregate

1. second-person plural present indicative of aggregare
2. second-person plural imperative of aggregare
3. feminine plural of aggregato

Latin

Verb

aggreg?te

1. second-person plural present active imperative of aggreg?