different between shoal vs group

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /???l/, /???l/
• Rhymes: -??l

Etymology 1

From Middle English schold, scholde, from Old English s?eald (“shallow”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *skalidaz, past participle of *skaljan? (“to go dry, dry up, become shallow”), from *skalaz (“parched, shallow”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh?- (“to dry out”). Cognate with Low German Scholl (“shallow water”), German schal (“stale, flat, vapid”). Compare shallow.

Alternative forms

• sheld (dialectal)
• shaul, shawl, shauld, schald, shaud, shawd (Scotland)
• shole, shoald, shold

Adjective

shoal (comparative shoaler, superlative shoalest)

1. (now rare) Shallow.
   • 1819, Lord Byron, Don Juan, III.19:

     But that part of the coast being shoal and bare, / And rough with reefs which ran out many a mile, / His port lay on the other side o' the isle.

Noun

shoal (plural shoals)

1. A sandbank or sandbar creating a shallow.
   • The god himself with ready trident stands, / And opes the deep, and spreads the moving sands, / Then heaves them off the shoals.

2. A shallow in a body of water.

   • The depth of your pond should be six feet; and on the sides some shoals for the fish to sun themselves in and to lay their spawn.

Synonyms

• (sandbank): sandbar, sandbank

Translations

Verb

shoal (third-person singular simple present shoals, present participle shoaling, simple past and past participle shoaled)

1. To arrive at a shallow (or less deep) area.
2. (transitive) To cause a shallowing; to come to a more shallow part of.
   • 1859', Matthew Fontaine Maury, Explanations and Sailing Directions to Accompany the Wind and Current Charts

     Noting the rate at which she shoals her water - […]

3. To become shallow.

Etymology 2

1570, presumably from Middle English *schole (“school of fish”), from Old English s?eolu, s?olu (“troop or band of people, host, multitude, division of army, school of fish”), from Proto-Germanic *skul? (“crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to divide, split, separate”). Cognate with West Frisian skoal (“shoal”), Middle Low German sch?le (“multitude, troop”), Dutch school (“shoal of fishes”). Doublet of school.

Noun

shoal (plural shoals)

1. Any large number of persons or things.
   • 1625, Francis Bacon, Of Vicissitude of Things

     great shoals of people

2. (collective) A large number of fish (or other sea creatures) of the same species swimming together.
   • c. 1661, Edmund Waller, On St. James's Park

     Beneath, a shoal of silver fishes glides.

Synonyms

• (fish): school

Translations

Verb

shoal (third-person singular simple present shoals, present participle shoaling, simple past and past participle shoaled)

1. To collect in a shoal; to throng.

   The fish shoaled about the place.

Anagrams

• HALOs, LOHAS, Sohal, halos, shola, solah

English

Alternative forms

• groop (non-standard)
• groupe (obsolete)

Etymology

From French groupe (“cluster, group”), from Italian gruppo, groppo (“a knot, heap, group, bag (of money)”), from Vulgar Latin *cruppo, Renaissance Latin grupus, from Proto-Germanic *kruppaz (“lump, round mass, body, crop”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to crumple, bend, crawl”). Cognate with German Kropf (“crop, craw, bunch”), Old English cropp, croppa (“cluster, bunch, sprout, flower, berry, ear of corn, crop”), Dutch krop (“craw”), Icelandic kroppr (“hump, bunch”). Doublet of crop and croup.

Pronunciation

• enPR: gro?op, IPA^(key): /??u?p/
• Rhymes: -u?p

Noun

group (plural groups)

1. A number of things or persons being in some relation to one another.

2. (group theory) A set with an associative binary operation, under which there exists an identity element, and such that each element has an inverse.
   • 1977, Roger C. Lyndon, Paul E. Schupp, Combinatorial Group Theory, Springer, page 192,

     Throughout this section, we shall assume the existence of finitely presented groups with unsolvable word problem.

   • 1992, Svetlana Katok, Fuchsian Groups, University of Chicago Press, page 112,

     In this chapter we give some examples of Fuchsian groups. The most interesting and important ones are the so-called "arithmetic" Fuchsian groups, i.e., discrete subgroups of PSL(2,R) obtained by some "arithmetic" operations. One such construction we have already seen: if we choose all matrices of SL(2,R) with integer coefficients, then the corresponding elements of PSL(2,R) form the modular group PSL(2,Z).

   • 2007, Zhong-Qi Ma, Group Theory for Physicists, World Scientific, page 277,

     In Chap. 4 the fundamental concepts on Lie groups have been introduced through the SO(3) group and its covering group SU(2).

3. (geometry, archaic) An effective divisor on a curve.
4. A (usually small) group of people who perform music together.

5. (astronomy) A small number (up to about fifty) of galaxies that are near each other.
6. (chemistry) A column in the periodic table of chemical elements.
7. (chemistry) A functional group.

8. (sociology) A subset of a culture or of a society.
9. (military) An air force formation.
10. (geology) A collection of formations or rock strata.
11. (computing) A number of users with same rights with respect to accession, modification, and execution of files, computers and peripherals.
12. An element of an espresso machine from which hot water pours into the portafilter.
13. (music) A number of eighth, sixteenth, etc., notes joined at the stems; sometimes rather indefinitely applied to any ornament made up of a few short notes.
14. (sports) A set of teams playing each other in the same division, while not during the same period playing any teams that belong to other sets in the division.
15. (business) A commercial organization.

Synonyms

• (number of things or persons being in some relation to each other): collection, set
• (people who perform music together): band, ensemble
• See also Thesaurus:group

Hypernyms

• (in group theory): monoid

Hyponyms

Derived terms

• subgroup

Related terms

Descendants

• ? Gulf Arabic: ?????
• ? Japanese: ???? (gur?pu)
• ? Korean: ?? (geurup)
• ? Tongan: kulupu

Translations

References

• group on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Verb

group (third-person singular simple present groups, present participle grouping, simple past and past participle grouped)

1. (transitive) To put together to form a group.

   group the dogs by hair colour

2. (intransitive) To come together to form a group.

Synonyms

• (put together to form a group): amass, categorise/categorize, classify, collect, collect up, gather, gather together, gather up; see also Thesaurus:round up
• (come together to form a group): assemble, begather, foregather, throng; see also Thesaurus:assemble

Translations

Further reading

• group in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• group in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.