different between shape vs espalier
shape
English
Pronunciation
- enPR: sh?p, IPA(key): /?e?p/
- Rhymes: -e?p
Etymology
From Middle English shap, schape, from Old English ?esceap (“shape, form, created being, creature, creation, dispensation, fate, condition, sex, gender, genitalia”), from Proto-West Germanic *ga- + *skap, from Proto-Germanic *ga- + *skap? (“shape, nature, condition”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep- (“to split, cut”). Cognate with Middle Dutch schap (“form”), Middle High German geschaf (“creature”), Icelandic skap (“state, condition, temper, mood”).
The verb is from Middle English shapen, schapen, from Old English scieppan (“to shape, form, make, create, assign, arrange, destine, order, adjudge”), from Proto-Germanic *skapjan? (“to create”), from the noun. Cognate with Dutch scheppen, German schaffen, Swedish skapa (“create, make”), Norwegian skapa (“create”).
Noun
shape (countable and uncountable, plural shapes)
- The status or condition of something
- The used bookshop wouldn't offer much due to the poor shape of the book.
- Condition of personal health, especially muscular health.
- The vet checked to see what kind of shape the animal was in.
- We exercise to keep in good physical shape.
- The appearance of something in terms of its arrangement in space, especially its outline; often a basic geometric two-dimensional figure.
- He cut a square shape out of the cake.
- What shape shall we use for the cookies? Stars, circles, or diamonds?
- Form; formation.
- 2006, Berdj Kenadjian, Martin Zakarian, From Darkness to Light:
- What if God's plans and actions do mold the shape of human events?
- 2006, Berdj Kenadjian, Martin Zakarian, From Darkness to Light:
- (iron manufacture) A rolled or hammered piece, such as a bar, beam, angle iron, etc., having a cross section different from merchant bar.
- (iron manufacture) A piece which has been roughly forged nearly to the form it will receive when completely forged or fitted.
- (cooking, now rare) A mould for making jelly, blancmange etc., or a piece of such food formed moulded into a particular shape.
- 1918, Rebecca West, The Return of the Soldier, Virago 2014, page 74:
- ‘And if I'm late for supper there's a dish of macaroni cheese you must put in the oven and a tin of tomatoes to eat with it. And there's a little rhubarb and shape.’
- 1978, Jane Gardam, God on the Rocks, Abacus 2014, p. 111:
- It was brawn and shape for high tea.
- 1918, Rebecca West, The Return of the Soldier, Virago 2014, page 74:
- (gambling) A loaded die.
- 1961, United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Government Operations. Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, Gambling and Organized Crime: Hearings (page 76)
- A top cheater seldom ever uses shapes or loaded dice because they do not assure you of winning.
- 1961, United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Government Operations. Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, Gambling and Organized Crime: Hearings (page 76)
- (programming) In the Hack programming language, a group of data fields each of which has a name and a data type.
Hyponyms
- See also Thesaurus:shape
Hyponyms
- contest shape
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
See also
- Appendix:Forms and shapes
Verb
shape (third-person singular simple present shapes, present participle shaping, simple past shaped or (obsolete) shope, past participle shaped or (archaic) shapen)
- (Northern England, Scotland, rare) To create or make.
- 1685, Satan's Invisible World Discovered?
- Which the mighty God of heaven shope.
- 1685, Satan's Invisible World Discovered?
- (transitive) To give something a shape and definition.
- 1932, The American Scholar, page 227, United Chapters of Phi Beta Kappa
- The professor never pretended to the academic prerogative of forcing his students into his own channels of reasoning; he entered into and helped shape the discussion but above all he made his men learn to think for themselves and rely upon their own intellectual judgments.
- 1932, The American Scholar, page 227, United Chapters of Phi Beta Kappa
- To form or manipulate something into a certain shape.
- 1709, Matthew Prior, Pleasure
- Grace shaped her limbs, and beauty decked her face.
- 1709, Matthew Prior, Pleasure
- (of a country, person, etc) To give influence to.
- To suit; to be adjusted or conformable.
- (obsolete) To imagine; to conceive.
Synonyms
- (give shape): form, mold
Derived terms
- beshape
- foreshape
- forshape
- misshape
- overshape
- shape up
Translations
References
- The Dictionary of the Scots Language
- shape in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
- shape at OneLook Dictionary Search
Anagrams
- HEPAs, Heaps, ephas, heaps, phase
shape From the web:
- what shape has 6 sides
- what shape is a stop sign
- what shape has 7 sides
- what shape is the earth
- what shape is my face
- what shape has 10 sides
- what shapes are quadrilaterals
- what shape has 9 sides
espalier
English
Etymology
Borrowed from French espalier, from Italian spalliera, from spalla (“shoulder”).
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /??spal??/, /?s?pæl.?.e?/
- (US) IPA(key): /??spæl.j?/, /??spæl.je?/
- ,
Noun
espalier (plural espaliers)
- A latticework used to shape or train the branches of a tree or shrub into a two-dimensional ornamental or useful design, as along a wall or fence.
- 1974, Lawrence Durrell, Monsieur, Faber & Faber 1992, p. 223:
- The garment stalls carried the traditional blue vine-dressers' outfits, sunhats, and the great willow pitchforks grown in espalier at villages like Sauve.
- 1974, Lawrence Durrell, Monsieur, Faber & Faber 1992, p. 223:
- A plant that has been shaped in this manner.
- A row of plants that have been shaped in this manner.
Verb
espalier (third-person singular simple present espaliers, present participle espaliering, simple past and past participle espaliered)
- To train a plant in this manner.
See also
- arborsculpture
- bonsai
- topiary
Anagrams
- pearlies
French
Etymology
From Italian spalliera.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?s.pa.lje/
Noun
espalier m (plural espaliers)
- (agriculture) espalier
- (sports) wall bars
Anagrams
- épileras
- pèlerais
Further reading
- “espalier” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From French espalier, from Italian spalliera, from spalla (“shoulder”).
Noun
espalier n (definite singular espalieret, indefinite plural espalier or espalierer, definite plural espaliera or espalierene)
- (horticulture) espalier
- A formation of people lined up in two columns facing each other (to secure a passageway).
- Danne espalier
References
- “espalier” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
- “espalier” in The Ordnett Dictionary
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From French espalier, from Italian spalliera, from spalla (“shoulder”).
Noun
espalier n (definite singular espalieret, indefinite plural espalier, definite plural espaliera)
- (horticulture) espalier
- A formation of people lined up in two columns facing each other (to secure a passageway).
- Danne espalier
References
- “espalier” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
espalier From the web:
- what espalier trees
- what espalier mean
- espalier what does this mean
- what is espalier pruning
- what is espalier fruit trees
- what does espalier mean in french
- what is espalier design
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