different between scutum vs scutellum

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sc?tum (“shield”). Doublet of escudo, scudo, scute, and écu.

Noun

scutum (plural scuta)

1. (historical, Roman antiquity) An oblong shield made of boards or wickerwork covered with leather, with sometimes an iron rim; carried chiefly by the heavy-armed infantry of the Roman army.
2. (zoology) A scute.
3. (zoology) A shield-like protection, such as the scutum protecting the back of a hard tick (cf. alloscutum, conscutum)
4. (zoology) One of the two lower valves of the operculum of a barnacle.
5. (anatomy) The kneecap.

Latin

Etymology

Referred to either Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to cover, protect”) or Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, split”). See Old Irish scíath, Russian ??? (š?it).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?sku?.tum/, [?s?ku?t????]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?sku.tum/, [?sku?t?um]

Noun

sc?tum n (genitive sc?t?); second declension

1. a shield, especially the scutum, the large oblong wooden shield carried by the Roman infantry
2. (by metonymy) shield-bearing soldiers
3. (figuratively) a defense, protection, shelter

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Related terms

Descendants

• Eastern Romance:
  • Romanian: scut
• ? English: scute
• ? English: scutum
• ? English: escutcheon
• Italian: scudo
  • ? English: scudo
• Old French: escut, escu
  • Middle French: escut
    • French: écu
      • ? English: écu
• Old Leonese:
  • Asturian: escudu
• Old Occitan: escut
  • Catalan: escut
  • Occitan: escut
• Old Portuguese: escudo
  • Galician: escudo
  • Portuguese: escudo
    • ? English: escudo
• Old Spanish:
  • Spanish: escudo
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: scût
• Sicilian: scutu
• ? Albanian: *šk?ta (possibly)
  • Albanian: shqyt

References

• scutum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• scutum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• scutum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• scutum in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• scutum in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

English

Etymology

Borrowed from New Latin scutellum, diminutive of Latin scutum (“shield”).

Noun

scutellum (plural scutella)

1. Any of several shield-shaped structures in insects, grasses etc
   1. (lichenology) A rounded apothecium having an elevated rim formed of the proper thallus, the fructification of certain lichens.
   2. (zoology) The third of the four pieces forming the upper part of a thoracic segment of an insect. It follows the scutum, and is followed by the small postscutellum.
   3. (zoology) One of the transverse scales on the tarsi and toes of birds.
   4. (botany) A grass seed cotyledon that is highly modified for absorption.

Derived terms

• mesoscutellum
• metascutellum
• postscutellum

Translations

French

Noun

scutellum m (plural scutellums)

1. (entomology) scutellum