different between science vs mathesis

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English science, scyence, borrowed from Old French science, escience, from Latin scientia (“knowledge”), from sciens, the present participle stem of scire (“to know”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?sa??ns/
• Hyphenation: sci?ence
• Rhymes: -a??ns

Noun

science (countable and uncountable, plural sciences)

1. (countable) A particular discipline or branch of learning, especially one dealing with measurable or systematic principles rather than intuition or natural ability. [from 14th c.]

2. Specifically the natural sciences.

3. (uncountable, archaic) Knowledge gained through study or practice; mastery of a particular discipline or area. [from 14th c.]
   • 1654, Henry Hammond, Of Fundamentals...

     If we conceive God's sight or science, before the creation, to be extended to all and every part of the world, seeing everything as it is, […] his science or sight from all eternity lays no necessity on anything to come to pass.

   • 1819, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Notes on Hamlet

     Shakespeare's deep and accurate science in mental philosophy

4. (now only theology) The fact of knowing something; knowledge or understanding of a truth. [from 14th c.]
   • 1611, King James Version of the Bible, I Timothy 6:20-21

     O Timothy, keep that which is committed to thy trust, avoiding vain and profane babblings, and oppositions of science falsely so called: Which some professing have erred concerning the faith. Grace be with thee. Amen.

5. (uncountable) The collective discipline of study or learning acquired through the scientific method; the sum of knowledge gained from such methods and discipline. [from 18th c.]
   • 1951 January 1, Albert Einstein, letter to Maurice Solovine, as published in Letters to Solovine (1993)

     I have found no better expression than "religious" for confidence in the rational nature of reality […] Whenever this feeling is absent, science degenerates into uninspired empiricism.
6. (uncountable) Knowledge derived from scientific disciplines, scientific method, or any systematic effort.
7. (uncountable, collective) The scientific community.
8. (euphemistic, with definite article) Synonym of sweet science (“the sport of boxing”)
   • 1816, The art and practice of English boxing (page v)

     From a conviction, that the science is universally understood, the strong are taught humility, and the weak confidence. Many have laughed at the idea, that Boxing is of national service, but they have laughed at the expence^[sic] of truth.

Usage notes

Since the middle of the 20th century, the term science was normally used to indicate the natural sciences (e.g., chemistry), the social sciences (e.g., sociology), and the formal sciences (e.g., mathematics). In the 18th and 19th centuries, the term was broader and encompassed scholarly study of the humanities (e.g., grammar) and the arts (e.g., music).

Coordinate terms

• art

Synonyms

• sci
• sci.

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

See also

• science on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Verb

science (third-person singular simple present sciences, present participle sciencing, simple past and past participle scienced)

1. (transitive, dated) To cause to become versed in science; to make skilled; to instruct.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Francis to this entry?)

2. (transitive, colloquial, humorous) To use science to solve a problem.

Etymology 2

See scion.

Noun

science

1. Obsolete spelling of scion

Further reading

• science on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• science on Wikiquote.Wikiquote
• "science" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 276.

French

Etymology

From Middle French science, from Old French science, escience, borrowed from Latin scientia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sj??s/
• Rhymes: -??s
• Homophone: sciences

Noun

science f (plural sciences)

1. science (field of study, etc.)

Derived terms

Related terms

• scientificité
• scientifique
• scientiste

References

Further reading

• “science” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Middle English

Alternative forms

• scyence, syens, sciens, sciense, sience

Etymology

From Old French science, from Latin scientia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /si???ns(?)/, /si??ns(?)/

Noun

science (plural sciences)

1. facts, knowledge; that which is known:
   1. A science; the body of knowledge composing a specific discipline.
   2. learnt knowledge, especially from written sources.
   3. applied or situational knowledge.
   4. truth, reality, verified information.
2. One's faculty of finding information; knowing or insight
3. One's faculty of making sound decisions; sagaciousness.
4. One's aptitude or learning; one's knowledge (in a field).
5. A non-learned discipline, pursuit, or field.
6. (rare) verifiability; trust in knowledge.

Descendants

• English: science
• Scots: science

References

• “sc??ence, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-05-24.

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French science.

Noun

science f (plural sciences)

1. science (field of study, etc.)
2. knowledge

Descendants

• French: science

Old French

Alternative forms

• escience

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin scientia.

Noun

science f (nominative singular science)

1. knowledge; wisdom

Descendants

• ? Middle English: science
  • English: science
    • ? Japanese: ?????
    • ? Malay: sains
      • ? Indonesian: sains
    • ? Swahili: sayansi
• Middle French: science
  • French: science
    • ? Khmer: ????? (sy?ng)
• Norman: scienche

English

Etymology

From Anglo-Norman mathesis, Middle French mathesie, and their source, Late Latin mathesis (“astrology, liberal arts, science”), from Ancient Greek ??????? (máth?sis, “learning”), from the same base as ??????? (manthán?, “I learn”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /m???i?s?s/, /?ma??s?s/

Noun

mathesis (uncountable)

1. (now rare) Mental calculation or discipline; science, especially mathematical learning. [from 15th c.]
   • 1997, Thomas Pynchon, Mason & Dixon:

     Forget the Boys, forget your loyalties to your Dead, first of all to Rebekah, for she, they, are but distractions, temporal, flesh, ever attempting to drag the Uranian Devotee back down out of his realm of pure Mathesis, of that which abides.

2. The science of establishing a systematic order for things. (After Foucault.) [from 1970s]
   • 1997, Chris Horrocks, Introducing Foucault, page 69 (Totem Books, Icon Books; ?ISBN

     I’m using 'mathesis' — a universal science of measurement and order […]

Translations

Anagrams

• Mathises, atheisms

Latin

Etymology

From the Ancient Greek ??????? (máth?sis).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ma?t?e?.sis/, [mä?t??e?s??s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ma?te.sis/, [m??t???s?is]

Noun

math?sis f (genitive math?sis or math?se?s or math?sios); third declension

(Late Latin)

1. (in general) the action of learning, knowledge, science
   • (Can we find and add a quotation of Prudentius to this entry?)
   • (Can we find and add a quotation of Sidonius Apollinaris to this entry?)
   1. (in particular) mathematics, mathesis
      • (Can we find and add a quotation of Cassiodorus to this entry?)
      • (Can we find and add a quotation of Fabius Planciades Fulgentius to this entry?)
   2. (in particular) astrology
      • (Can we find and add a quotation of Aelius Spartianus to this entry?)
      • (Can we find and add a quotation of Julius Firmicus Maternus to this entry?)
      • (Can we find and add a quotation of Prudentius to this entry?)

Declension

Third-declension noun (Greek-type, i-stem, i-stem).

¹Found sometimes in Medieval and New Latin.

References

• m?th?sis in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• mathesis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• m?th?sis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette, page 954/2