different between scar vs gouge
scar
English
Pronunciation
- (General American) enPR: skär, IPA(key): /sk??/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /sk??(?)/
- Rhymes: -??(?)
Etymology 1
From Middle English scar, scarre, a conflation of Old French escare (“scab”) (from Late Latin eschara, from Ancient Greek ?????? (eskhára, “scab left from a burn”), and thus a doublet of eschar) and Middle English skar (“incision, cut, fissure”) (from Old Norse skarð (“notch, chink, gap”), from Proto-Germanic *skardaz (“gap, cut, fragment”)). Akin to Old Norse skor (“notch, score”), Old English s?eard (“gap, cut, notch”). More at shard.
Displaced native Old English dolgswæþ.
Noun
scar (plural scars)
- A permanent mark on the skin, sometimes caused by the healing of a wound.
- (by extension) A permanent negative effect on someone's mind, caused by a traumatic experience.
- Any permanent mark resulting from damage.
- 1961, Dorothy Jensen Neal, Captive mountain waters: a story of pipelines and people (page 29)
- Her age-old weapons, flood and fire, left scars on the canyon which time will never efface.
- 1961, Dorothy Jensen Neal, Captive mountain waters: a story of pipelines and people (page 29)
Synonyms
- cicatrice, cicatrix
Related terms
- fire scar
- scar tissue
Translations
Verb
scar (third-person singular simple present scars, present participle scarring, simple past and past participle scarred)
- (transitive) To mark the skin permanently.
- (intransitive) To form a scar.
- (transitive, figuratively) To affect deeply in a traumatic manner.
- Seeing his parents die in a car crash scarred him for life.
Derived terms
- battle-scarred
Translations
See also
- birthmark
Etymology 2
From Middle English scarre, skarr, skerre, sker, a borrowing from Old Norse sker (“an isolated rock in the sea; skerry”). Cognate with Icelandic sker, Norwegian skjær, Swedish skär, Danish skær, German Schäre. Doublet of skerry.
Noun
scar (plural scars)
- A cliff or rock outcrop.
- A rock in the sea breaking out from the surface of the water.
- A bare rocky place on the side of a hill or mountain.
Translations
Etymology 3
From Latin scarus (“a kind of fish”), from Ancient Greek ?????? (skáros, “parrot wrasse, Sparisoma cretense, syn. Scarus cretensis”).
Noun
scar (plural scars)
- A marine food fish, the scarus or parrotfish (family Scaridae).
Anagrams
- CRAs, RACs, arcs, ascr., cars, csar, sacr-, sarc-
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish scaraid, from Proto-Celtic *skarati, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?ska??/
Verb
scar (present analytic scarann, future analytic scarfaidh, verbal noun scaradh, past participle scartha)
- (transitive) sever
- (transitive) separate
- 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, printed in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry, Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études 270. Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, p. 194:
- Synonyms: dealaigh, deighil
- 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, printed in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry, Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études 270. Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, p. 194:
- (transitive) tear asunder
Conjugation
- Alternative verbal noun: scarúint (Munster)
Derived terms
- soscartha (“easily separated; isolable”, adjective)
Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “scaraid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- “scaraim” in Foclóir Gae?ilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 602.
- "scar" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Entries containing “scar” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
- “scar” at the Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926 of the Royal Irish Academy.
Old Irish
Alternative forms
- ·scart
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /skar/
Verb
·scar
- third-person singular preterite conjunct of scaraid
scar From the web:
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gouge
English
Etymology
From Middle English gouge (“chisel with concave blade; gouge”), from Old French gouge, goi (“gouge”), from Late Latin goia, gubia, gulbia (“chisel; piercer”), borrowed from Gaulish *gulbi?, from Proto-Celtic *gulb?, *gulbi, *gulb?nos (“beak, bill”). The English word is cognate with Italian gorbia, gubbia (“ferrule”), Old Breton golb, Old Irish gulba (“beak”), Portuguese goiva, Scottish Gaelic gilb (“chisel”), Spanish gubia (“chisel, gouge”), Welsh gylf (“beak; pointed instrument”), gylyf (“sickle”).
The verb is derived from the noun.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?a?d?/
- (General American) IPA(key): /?a?d?/
- Rhymes: -a?d??
Noun
gouge (countable and uncountable, plural gouges)
- Senses relating to cutting tools.
- A chisel with a curved blade for cutting or scooping channels, grooves, or holes in wood, stone, etc.
- A bookbinder's tool with a curved face, used for blind tooling or gilding.
- An incising tool that cuts blanks or forms for envelopes, gloves, etc., from leather, paper, or other materials.
- A chisel with a curved blade for cutting or scooping channels, grooves, or holes in wood, stone, etc.
- A cut or groove, as left by a gouge or something sharp.
- (originally US, colloquial) An act of gouging.
- (slang) A cheat, a fraud; an imposition.
- Synonym: swindle
- (slang) An impostor.
- (mining) Soft material lying between the wall of a vein and the solid vein of ore.
- (US, military, slang, uncountable) Information.
- 2005, Jay A. Stout, To Be a U.S. Naval Aviator (page 63)
- As all naval aviators have learned at one time or another in their careers, “There's plenty of bad gouge out there," and it has, does, and will get the unwary fliers in trouble.
- 2013, Douglas Waller, Air Warriors: The Inside Story of the Making of a Navy Pilot (page 89)
- The Marines and “Coasties” (the nickname for Coast Guard students) were reputed to have good gouge on each class's test. Rumor had it that the Marines had inside information on the questions for the next day's FRR test, […]
- 2005, Jay A. Stout, To Be a U.S. Naval Aviator (page 63)
Derived terms
- fault gouge
- gouge bit
Translations
Verb
gouge (third-person singular simple present gouges, present participle gouging, simple past and past participle gouged)
- (transitive) To make a groove, hole, or mark in by scooping with or as if with a gouge.
- Synonyms: engrave, grave, incise
- (transitive) To cheat or impose upon; in particular, to charge an unfairly or unreasonably high price.
- Synonyms: defraud, swindle
- (transitive, intransitive) To dig or scoop (something) out with or as if with a gouge; in particular, to use a thumb to push or try to push the eye (of a person) out of its socket.
- (intransitive) To use a gouge.
Derived terms
- gouger
- gouging (noun)
- price gouging
- regouge
Translations
References
Further reading
- chisel – gouge on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- gouge (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Douglas Harper (2001–2021) , “gouge”, in Online Etymology Dictionary
French
Etymology
Old French gouge, from Latin gulbia (Late Latin gubia), of Gaulish or Basque origins.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?u?/
- Rhymes: -u?
Noun
gouge f (plural gouges)
- gouge (groove)
- gouge (tool)
- (obsolete) female servant
- (archaic) prostitute
- 1857, Charles Baudelaire, Bribes - Damnation,
- On peut les comparer encore à cette auberge, / Espoir des affamés, où cognent sur le tard, / Blessés, brisés, jurant, priant qu’on les héberge, / L’écolier, le prélat, la gouge et le soudard.
- They can also be compared to this inn, / Hope to the starved, where in the night knock, / Injured, broken, cursing, begging to be lodged, / The schoolboy, the prelate, the prostitute and the soldier.
- On peut les comparer encore à cette auberge, / Espoir des affamés, où cognent sur le tard, / Blessés, brisés, jurant, priant qu’on les héberge, / L’écolier, le prélat, la gouge et le soudard.
- 1857, Charles Baudelaire, Bribes - Damnation,
Verb
gouge
- first-person singular present indicative of gouger
- third-person singular present indicative of gouger
- first-person singular present subjunctive of gouger
- third-person singular present subjunctive of gouger
- second-person singular imperative of gouger
Further reading
- “gouge” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Old French
Etymology
From Late Latin gubia, from Latin gulbia.
Noun
gouge f (oblique plural gouges, nominative singular gouge, nominative plural gouges)
- gouge (tool)
- (chiefly derogatory) woman
Descendants
- English: gouge
- French: gouge
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (gouge, supplement)
gouge From the web:
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