different between say vs shout

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: s?, IPA^(key): /se?/
• Rhymes: -e?

Etymology 1

From Middle English seyen, seien, seggen, from Old English se??an (“to say, speak”), from Proto-West Germanic *saggjan, from Proto-Germanic *sagjan? (“to say”), from Proto-Indo-European *sok?-h?-yé-, a suffixed o-grade form of *sek?- (“to tell, talk”).

Cognate with West Frisian sizze (“to say”), Dutch zeggen (“to say”), German sagen (“to say”), Danish sige (“to say”), Norwegian Bokmål si (“to say”), Norwegian Nynorsk seia (“to say”), Swedish säga (“to say”).

The adverb and interjection are from the verb.

Alternative forms

• saie, saye, seye (obsolete)
• thay, zay (pronunciation spelling)

Verb

say (third-person singular simple present says, present participle saying, simple past and past participle said)

1. (transitive) To pronounce.

2. (transitive) To recite.
3. (transitive) To tell, either verbally or in writing.
   • 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

     I want to say I’m sorry for yesterday. — It’s okay, Anna.

4. (transitive) To indicate in a written form.

5. (impersonal, transitive) To have a common expression; used in singular passive voice or plural active voice to indicate a rumor or well-known fact.
   • 1815, George Gordon Byron, The Hebrew Melodies/They say that Hope is happiness:

     They say that Hope is happiness; But genuine Love must prize the past.

   • 1819, Great Britain Court of Chancery, Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the High Court of Chancery, page 8:

     It is said, a bargain cannot be set aside upon inadequacy only.

   • 1841, Christopher Marshall, The Knickerbocker (New-York Monthly Magazine), page 379:

     It’s said that fifteen wagon loads of ready-made clothes for the Virginia troops came to, and stay in, town to-night.

6. (informal, imperative, transitive) Suppose, assume; used to mark an example, supposition or hypothesis.

   Say your family is starving and you don't have any money, is it okay to steal some food?

   • 1984, Martin Amis, Money: a suicide note

     I've followed Selina down the strip, when we're shopping, say, and she strolls on ahead, wearing sawn-off jeans and a wash-withered T-shirt […]

7. (intransitive) To speak; to express an opinion; to make answer; to reply.
8. (transitive, informal, of a possession, especially money) To bet as a wager on an outcome; by extension, used to express belief in an outcome by the speaker.

Conjugation

Synonyms

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

say (plural says)

1. A chance to speak; the right or power to influence or make a decision.

Translations

Adverb

say (not comparable)

1. For example; let us assume.

Interjection

say

1. (colloquial) Used to gain someone's attention before making an inquiry or suggestion

Synonyms

• (used to gain attention): hey

References

• say in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• say in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Etymology 2

From Middle French saie, from Latin saga, plural of sagum (“military cloak”).

Noun

say (countable and uncountable, plural says)

1. A type of fine cloth similar to serge.

Etymology 3

Aphetic form of assay.

Verb

say (third-person singular simple present says, present participle saying, simple past and past participle sayed)

1. To try; to assay.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Ben Jonson to this entry?)

Noun

say (plural says)

1. Trial by sample; assay; specimen.
   • 1594, Richard Hooker, Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, page 193

     If those principal works of God […] be but certain tastes and says, as if were, of that final benefit.
2. Tried quality; temper; proof.
3. Essay; trial; attempt.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Ben Jonson to this entry?)

Etymology 4

Noun

say (plural says)

1. (Scotland) A strainer for milk.

Anagrams

• AYs, ays, yas

Azerbaijani

Etymology 1

Deverbal of saymaq.

Noun

say (definite accusative say?, plural saylar)

1. number, quantity, count

   Synonyms: ?d?d, r?q?m

2. (grammar) numeral
3. (colloquial) value, importance

Etymology 2

From Proto-Turkic *say.

Noun

say (definite accusative say?, plural saylar)

1. shallow, shoal

Declension

Crimean Tatar

Noun

say

1. shallow place, island

Declension

References

• Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajins?ko-kryms?kotatars?kyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]?^[4], Simferopol: Dolya, ?ISBN

Middle English

Noun

say

1. Alternative form of assay

Portuguese

Verb

say

1. Obsolete spelling of sai

Tatar

Noun

say

1. area covered with stones

Turkish

Verb

say

1. second-person singular imperative of saymak

Vietnamese

Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *p-ri? (“drunk”); cognate with Muong khay, Arem p?r??.

Pronunciation

• (Hà N?i) IPA^(key): [saj??]
• (Hu?) IPA^(key): [?aj??]
• (H? Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [?a(?)j??] ~ [sa(?)j??]

Verb

say • (????)

1. to be drunk; to be inebriated
2. (by extension) to be (car, sea, etc.) sick
3. (figuratively) to be enamoured of; to take a deep interest in

Derived terms

Adjective

say

1. deep (of sleep); fast asleep

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?a?t/
• (Canada) IPA^(key): /???t/
• Rhymes: -a?t

Etymology 1

From Middle English shouten. Further origin uncertain. Possibly related to Middle English shooten (“to shoot (out)”) or from or akin to Old Norse skúta (“to chide, scold”), Old Norse skúti, skúta (“a taunt”). See also the second, rare sense of the verb scout (“to reject with contempt”).

Noun

shout (plural shouts)

1. A loud burst of voice or voices; a violent and sudden outcry, especially that of a multitude expressing joy, triumph, exultation, anger, or great effort.

2. (Britain, Australia, New Zealand, slang) A round of drinks in a pub; the turn to pay the shot or scot; an act of paying for a round of drinks.
   • 1984, Keri Hulme, The Bone People, page 290,

     “I?ll get my wine though,” taking out her wallet.

     “No. This is my shout,” holding up his hand as though to ward her money off.

   • 2006, Lily Allen, Knock 'Em Out

     Cut to the pub on a lads night out,

     Man at the bar cos it was his shout

   • 2008, George Papaellinas, The Trip: An Odyssey, re.press, Australia, page 6,

     It was always my shout down the pub with Theo.

3. (Britain, Australia, slang) A call-out for an emergency services team.
   • 2017, Dave Boulter, London's Emergency Service Vehicles

     Yet another ambulance on a shout enters Parliament Square.

4. (informal) A greeting, name-check or other mention, for example on a radio or TV programme.

   Synonym: shout out

Translations

Verb

shout (third-person singular simple present shouts, present participle shouting, simple past and past participle shouted)

1. (intransitive) To utter a sudden and loud cry, as in joy, triumph, exultation or anger, or to attract attention, to animate others, etc.
   • c. 1599, William Shakespeare, Julius Cæsar, Act I, Scene II, 1797, George Steevens (editor), The Plays of William Shakespeare, Volume 7, page 15,

     They shouted thrice; what was the last cry for?
2. (transitive) To utter with a shout; to cry; to shout out

3. (colloquial) To pay for food, drink or entertainment for others.

   I?ll shout you all a drink.

   He?s shouting us all to the opening night of the play.

   • 1999, Peter Moore, The Wrong Way Home: London to Sydney the Hard Way, page 301,

     After shouting me a plate of noodles and limp vegetables, he helped me change money by introducing me to the stallholder who offered the best exchange rates.

   • 2003, Peter Watt, To Chase the Storm, Pan MacMillan Australia, unnumbered page,

     ‘I have not seen my cousin Patrick in years,’ Martin answered defensively. ‘I doubt that, considering the way our lives have gone, an officer of the King?s army would be shouting me a drink in Mr O?Riley?s pub these days. […] ’

   • 2005, George G. Spearing, Dances with Marmots: A Pacific Crest Trail Adventure, page 32,

     Anyhow, he obviously bore no grudge against Kiwis, for he shouted me a beer and opened another one for himself, punctuating the operation with a spectacular and resounding fart that by all the laws of physical science should have left his trousers flapping in smouldering shreds.

   • 2010, Ivan Dunn, The Legend of Beau Baxter, HarperCollins Publishers, New Zealand, unnumbered page,

     Truth is, I notice the other blokes who have been shouting me nodding among themselves and thinking they?d better get in the queue if I am buying. Not likely. I am out of there.

4. (Internet) To post a text message (for example, email) in upper case, regarded as the electronic messaging equivalent of oral shouting.

5. (transitive, obsolete) To treat with shouts or clamor.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Bishop Hall to this entry?)

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:shout

Derived terms

• shoutbox
• shout down
• shout from the rooftops
• shouting match
• shout out

Translations

See also

• yell
• scream

Etymology 2

Noun

shout (plural shouts)

1. (Britain, dialect) A light flat-bottomed boat used in duck-shooting.

Anagrams

• Houts, Huots, South, houts, south, thous