different between satyagraha vs hartal

English

Etymology

From Gujarati ????????? (saty?grah), from Sanskrit ???? (satya, “truth”) + ????? (?graha, “persistence”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /s??tj?.???.h?/

Noun

satyagraha (usually uncountable, plural satyagrahas)

1. The policy of nonviolent resistance as used by Mahatma Gandhi during the struggle for Indian independence.
   • 1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Abacus 2010, p. 146:

     We also discussed whether the campaign should follow the Gandhian principles of non-violence or what the Mahatma called satyagraha, a non-violence that seeks to conquer through conversion.

English

Alternative forms

• hadtal

Etymology

Borrowed, via Hindi ?????? (ha?t?l), from Gujarati ????? (ha?t??), ????? (ha?t?l), literally “locking of shops”.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?h??.t??l/

Noun

hartal (plural hartals)

1. (South Asia) The closure of shops and offices, typically as a strike. [early 20th C.]

Descendants

• ? Malay: hartal
  • Indonesian: hartal

See also

• bandh

Indonesian

Etymology 1

From Sanskrit ?????? (harit?la, “yellow orpiment”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?hart?al]
• Hyphenation: har?tal

Noun

hartal (plural hartal-hartal, first-person possessive hartalku, second-person possessive hartalmu, third-person possessive hartalnya)

1. orpiment
2. (in extension) A somewhat dark yellowish orange colour; ochre.

Etymology 2

From Hindi ?????? (ha?t?l), from Gujarati ????? (ha?t?l), ????? (ha?t??), from Sanskrit ???? (ha??a) +? ???? (t?laka).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?hart?al]
• Hyphenation: har?tal

Noun

hartal (plural hartal-hartal, first-person possessive hartalku, second-person possessive hartalmu, third-person possessive hartalnya)

1. The closure of shops and offices, typically as a strike.

Further reading

• “hartal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.